你的电脑需要这个吗？？——采集卡原理解析：英语精读讲义

As you can probably imagine, 短語搭配

你可能想象得到，

we deal with a ton of video around here.

我们这里要处理大量的视频。

A lot of it comes from cameras or screen recording software,

其中很大一部分来自摄像机或录屏软件，

but we also make frequent use of capture cards, 短語搭配

但我们也经常使用采集卡，

which are typically stand-alone, USB, or PCI Express devices

它们通常是独立的、USB或PCI Express设备，

that can be used to record from external devices

可以用来记录外部设备，

like a game console or a camera

比如游戏主机或摄像机，

like on the WAN Show,

就像在WAN Show上那样，

which raises the question, 表達脈絡

这就引出了一个问题，

why haven't we made a video about a capture card in over 5 years?

为什么我们超过5年没有做过关于采集卡的视频了？

Well, the truth is that I wasn't ever really satisfied with any of them. 表達脈絡

事实是，我以前对它们都不太满意。

But in recent years,

但在最近几年，

they have improved immensely.

它们有了巨大的改进。

And when Corsair and AMD reached out about doing a sponsored video 短語動詞

当Corsair和AMD联系我们做一期赞助视频，

about their new Vengeance A4100 gaming PCs

介绍他们新的Vengeance A4100游戏电脑

with included capture cards,

并内置了采集卡时，

it seemed like a no-brainer to take a look at how far they've come 習語

看看它们到底发展到了什么程度，

and demystify this category of products.

并且揭开这类产品的神秘面纱，这似乎是理所当然的事情。

So, today we talk capture cards,

所以，今天我们来谈谈采集卡，

what they do,

它们是做什么的，

and why you should or should not buy one

以及你是否应该购买一个

for your game streaming or recording setup.

用于你的游戏直播或录制设置。

Before we get into whether you might need a capture card, 短語動詞

在我们讨论你是否需要采集卡之前，

it's important to understand exactly what they actually do.

了解它们到底做什么很重要。

A capture card is a device designed to take an unencrypted video signal 語法

采集卡是一种设计用来接收未加密视频信号的设备，

and convert it into a format that can be understood

并将其转换成

and recorded by the computer it's plugged into.

插入的电脑能够理解并记录的格式。

If your intention is to record TV or movies off Netflix,

如果你的目的是从Netflix录制电视或电影，

be warned that those signals are encrypted using HDCP 語氣意圖

请注意这些信号是使用HDCP加密的，

and no legal device is going to decrypt it for you.

没有合法的设备能为你解密。

For consumer devices,

对于消费级设备，

it's typical to see an HDMI input

通常会看到一个HDMI输入，

like what you'd get out of your game console,

就像你从游戏机里接出来的那种，

but in the professional world,

但在专业领域，

SDI is preferred for its longer maximum cable lengths,

SDI更受青睐，因为它的最大线缆长度更长，

support for time code, and locking connector.

支持时间码和带锁连接器。

Now, a typical capture card looks either like this,

现在，典型的采集卡看起来要么像这样，

a box that

一个盒子，

Here we go.

找到了。

Plugs into the USB port on your PC,

插入电脑的USB接口，

or like this,

或者像这样，

a well, box that plugs directly into the PCI Express slot on your motherboard.

一个可以直接插在主板PCI Express插槽上的盒子。

These two styles make up the majority of consumer capture devices, 短語動詞

这两种样式构成了消费级采集设备的大部分，

and both of them are dependent on a nearby computer

它们都依赖于附近的电脑

to handle the actual processing of the data.

来处理实际的数据处理过程。

Elgato offers both form factors for both tiers of their capture devices, 用詞

Elgato为他们两级采集设备提供这两种外形规格，

their HD tier, and their 4K tier.

他们的HD级别和4K级别。

And while there are some minor benefits and drawbacks to either approach,

虽然这两种方法各有小优劣，

generally they share the same functionality.

但它们通常具有相同的功能。

And when you plug them into your PC,

当你把它们插入电脑时，

they're going to get picked up by your capture software in a similar way. 短語動詞

它们会被你的采集软件以类似的方式识别。

There are exceptions to this rule like the Cam Link series

这个规则也有例外，比如Cam Link系列，

that registers as a webcam, 用詞

它会注册为网络摄像头，

making it a little bit easier to use in video chat software.

让它在视频聊天软件中更容易使用。

In our experience,

根据我们的经验，

PCI Express-based capture cards tend to be significantly more reliable,

基于PCI Express的采集卡往往明显更可靠，

just like water bottles from lttstore.com.

就像lttstore.com的水壶一样。

Now, whether this is due to not having to deal with USB driver issues 語法

现在，这是否是因为不需要处理USB驱动问题，

because internal cards are closer to cooling fans,

因为内置卡更靠近散热风扇，

or just because PCI Express is generally a lower latency,

或者只是因为PCI Express通常比USB延迟更低、

more stable interconnect than USB,

连接更稳定，

we are not sure.

我们并不确定。

USB cards, though, offer a lot more flexibility.

不过，USB卡提供了更多的灵活性。

Basically, any computer with a USB port that is USB 3,

基本上，任何带有USB 3接口的电脑

can run them, laptops included. 語法

都可以运行它们，包括笔记本电脑。

If you want to switch which system you're recording on,

如果你想切换录制的系统，

you just got to move which USB port you're plugged into

你只需要换一个插入的USB接口，

rather than having to shut down a system, 語法

而不是必须关闭一个系统，

pull a PCI Express card,

拔出PCI Express卡，

shut down the other system,

关闭另一个系统，

put it in, and then fire them both back up. 短語動詞

插进去，然后再把它们俩都启动起来。

This flexibility can come with its own issues, 短語搭配

这种灵活性可能会带来自身的问题，

as we mentioned before, though.

正如我们之前提到的那样。

And we have found these cards tend to be a little less stable.

而且我们发现这些卡往往稍微不那么稳定。

For instance, if you rock a budget motherboard 用詞

例如，如果你用的是一块入门级主板，

with only a single or best case scenario, 短語搭配

上面只有一个，或者最好的情况，

two USB controllers on it,

两个USB控制器，

it's actually quite likely that you're going to end up overloading your USB controller 短語動詞

你实际上很可能会导致USB控制器过载，

by having too many high-throughput devices plugged into it,

因为插了太多高吞吐量设备，

like if you were running, say for example,

比如，假设你正在运行

a 4K webcam and a 4K capture card for your game console

一个4K网络摄像头和一个给游戏机用的4K采集卡

at the same time.

同时进行。

Some people might not have a PC around to plug their capture card into,

有些人周围可能没有电脑来插入采集卡，

though, like say at a LAN party or a tournament.

比如在局域网聚会或锦标赛上。

Fortunately, as I mentioned before,

幸运的是，正如我之前提到的，

there are also capture cards that feature stand-alone encoding and recording

也有支持独立编码和录制的采集卡，

like the 4K60 S+.

比如4K60 S+。

In this case,

在这种情况下，

a hardware encoding chip is installed in the capture device,

采集设备内部安装了一个硬件编码芯片，

which does the work that normally the attached computer would do

它完成了连接的电脑通常会做的工作，

by encoding the incoming video stream into a playable video file.

把输入的视频流编码成可播放的视频文件。

That allows those to record entirely on their own.

这让它们可以完全独立录制。

Just pop an SD card in and you're off to the races. 講解

只要插进一张SD卡，你就可以开始了。

They do tend to be a bit more expensive, though. 語法

不过，它们往往要稍微贵一些。

Regardless of what it plugs into, though, 表達脈絡

不管它插在什么地方，

basically all gaming-oriented capture devices share one trait,

基本上所有面向游戏的采集设备都有一个共同的特点，

and that is

那就是

Ah, there we go.

啊，找到了。

Pass-through. 用詞

环出功能（Pass-through）。

Pass-through is an essential feature if you want to be able to game

如果你想同时在你正在录制的设备上玩游戏，环出是必不可少的功能，

on the device that you're recording at the same time,

在录制的同时玩游戏，

because otherwise, you would have to deal with the crazy latency

否则，你将不得不忍受极高的延迟，

of trying to game through your OBS preview window or something like that.

尝试通过你的OBS预览窗口或类似的东西玩游戏。

With pass-through,

有了环出功能，

the main signal that you're capturing is passed through

你正在采集的主信号在被采集的同时

back to your display while it's being captured.

会直接传输回你的显示器。

So, this is usually through an HDMI output port on the capture card

所以，这通常是通过采集卡上的HDMI输出接口实现的，

with manufacturers generally claiming that there is zero added latency.

制造商通常声称零增加延迟。

That was something we wanted to investigate in this video.

这正是我们想在这个视频中调查的内容。

So, we tested all three styles of recorder from Elgato,

所以，我们测试了Elgato的所有三种录制设备，

USB with the HD60 S+,

USB的HD60 S+，

PCI Express with the 4K60 Pro,

PCI Express的4K60 Pro，

and stand-alone with the 4K60 S+ on our latency tester.

和独立的4K60 S+，在我们的延迟测试仪上进行了测试。

And Hey, good news, Corsair.

嘿，好消息，Corsair。

We actually didn't find any appreciable increase in latency 短語搭配

我们在使用它们任何一款时，

when using any of them.

实际上都没有发现任何明显的延迟增加。

So, then it's up to you which form factor of capture card 語氣意圖

所以，具体选择哪种外形的采集卡

is best for you.

完全取决于你。

Though, if you have the space and you don't need the extra flexibility,

不过，如果你有空间且不需要额外的灵活性，

we definitely encourage going with something PCI Express-based. 短語動詞

我们绝对建议你选择基于PCI Express的设备。

As for the resolution, 表達脈絡

至于分辨率，

that just depends on your use case. 短語搭配

这只取决于你的使用场景。

If you're browsing Elgato cards,

如果你在看Elgato的卡，

the price differences between their two PCIe models,

他们两款PCIe型号之间的价格差异

it's pretty minimal.

相当小。

So, it's $80 to go to the 4K60 Pro

所以，只要多花80美元，

from the HD60 Pro,

就能从HD60 Pro升级到4K60 Pro，

and you gain the extra flexibility of high frame rate 4K recording.

并获得高帧率4K录制的额外灵活性。

Just make sure that your source content actually pushes that resolution.

只要确保你的源内容实际上能达到那个分辨率即可。

Although even then,

不过，即便如此，

for the minimal cost,

考虑到增加的成本很小，

it might be worth future-proofing. 用詞

也许值得为未来做准备。

And it seems like Corsair agrees since this happens to be the card that's pre-installed 短語搭配

看来Corsair也是这么想的，因为这正好是预装在他们寄来的

in the Vengeance A4100 streaming PC that they sent over.

Vengeance A4100直播电脑里的采集卡。

The configuration we have here is pretty dang smack on for streaming.

我们这里的配置非常适合直播。

The Ryzen 3700X CPU

Ryzen 3700X CPU

has enough cores for gaming

拥有足够用于玩游戏的核心，

with some extras for video encoding.

还有额外的核心用于视频编码。

And if you want less of a CPU hit,

如果你想减少CPU的压力，

the equipped RTX 2070 Super comes with Nvidia's latest NVENC encoding chip,

配备的RTX 2070 Super带有Nvidia最新的NVENC编码芯片，可让

which allows for a near-zero performance hit 用詞

性能损失接近于零。

while encoding directly on the GPU.

这时编码工作直接在GPU上进行。

Our specific config also comes with both a 480 gig NVME drive

我们这款具体配置还带有480GB的NVME硬盘，

for excellent OS responsiveness

用于极佳的系统响应速度，

and 2 terabytes of mass storage for games,

还有2TB的大容量存储用于游戏，

video clips, duh,

视频剪辑，那是当然的，

or what have you. 習語

或者其他什么东西。

So, now we know what all the capture cards

所以，现在我们知道所有的采集卡

sort of look like and what they do. 語氣意圖

大概长什么样以及它们是做什么的了。

But the final question is, 表達脈絡

但最后一个问题是，

do you actually need one?

你真的需要一个吗？

Can't you just capture your screen with Fraps or OBS?

你不能用Fraps或OBS直接录屏吗？

Well, in a lot of cases, yes.

呃，在很多情况下，是的。

If you're strictly a PC gamer and you don't have any external capture requirements,

如果你纯粹是PC玩家，并且没有任何外部采集需求，

like no DSLR camera,

比如没有单反相机，

Xbox, Nintendo Switch, or the like, 習語

Xbox，Nintendo Switch，或者类似设备，

then there really isn't any major benefit to running a capture card in your system. 語法

那么在你的系统里安装采集卡真的没有任何重大好处。

Fortunately for you, though,

不过，对你来说幸运的是，

the Vengeance A4100 along with Corsair's other gaming systems 語法

Vengeance A4100和Corsair的其他游戏系统

is available without a capture card

都有无采集卡的版本提供，

to save you the unnecessary purchase

可以帮你省下不必要的开销，

if you don't need it.

如果你不需要采集卡的话。

So, thanks for watching.

那么，感谢观看。

If you're interested in more technical streaming recording stuff,

如果你对更多技术性的直播录制内容感兴趣，

maybe check out our video on building a streaming setup on the cheap. 習語

也许可以看看我们关于低成本搭建直播配置的视频。

And get subscribed so you don't miss future videos

请订阅我们，这样你就不会错过未来的视频了，

like this crazy Asetek PCI Express slot radiator water cooler thing that we've got coming very soon.

比如我们很快就会推出的这款疯狂的Asetek PCI Express插槽散热器水冷设备。