真空室里的干冰：英语精读讲义

Hey guys, we are back in the lab with a 10-lb block of dry ice

嘿，大家好，我们带着一块10磅重的干冰回到了实验室，

to answer the question, what does dry ice do in a vacuum chamber?

为了回答一个问题：干冰在真空室里会怎样？

The request for this experiment came in the comments from Jason Gamer.

这个实验的请求来自Jason Gamer的评论。

Thanks for your request, Jason.

感谢你的请求，Jason。

I'm sending $25 your way.

我准备给你送去25美元。

Now, dry ice is solid carbon dioxide with a temperature of about -109°F, 文化背景

干冰是固态的二氧化碳，温度约为华氏零下109度，

but that's at sea level. 短語搭配

但这只是在海平面上的情况。

If we put it in a vacuum chamber and suck the air out, 語法

如果我们把它放进真空室并抽出空气，

the pressure changes and the properties of the dry ice change as well.

压力会发生变化，干冰的属性也会随之改变。

Now, people ask all the time,

大家经常问，

where do you even get dry ice?

去哪里才能弄到干冰？

I just went down to the grocery store and picked this up for about $13. 短語動詞

我就是去杂货店花了大约13美元买到的。

They usually have a container near the front of the store

他们通常在商店前部有个容器，

where they keep it and you can get some as long as you're over 18. 語法

把它保存在那里，只要你年满18岁就能买一些。

Okay, cool.

好的，太酷了。

Let's just jump right in. 短語動詞

我们直接开始吧。

Gloves make it hard to work with.

戴着手套很难操作。

Being safe is so restrictive.

保持安全太受限了。

Ooh, good stuff.

哦，好东西。

Hey, just a thought.

嘿，我有个想法。

Will your tongue stick to dry ice if you lick it?

如果舔一下，舌头会粘在干冰上吗？

Mm, apparently not,

嗯，显然不会，

but it is a little fizzy.

但有点像喝汽水的感觉。

My tongue's a little cold.

我的舌头有点冷。

Okay, so one problem, guys.

好吧，伙计们，有个问题。

This isn't going to fit in there.

这块放不进去。

We're going to have to smash it up a little bit. 講解

我们得把它稍微砸碎一点。

So, let's grab a hammer and go to work.

那么，让我们拿把锤子开工吧。

Oh.

哦。

You think I could karate chop this in half? 短語搭配

你觉得我能用空手道把它劈成两半吗？

That's a lot harder than I thought. 語法

这比我想象的要难得多。

And it actually did hurt quite a bit. 短語搭配

而且真的很疼。

But we did it.

但我们做到了。

We did it.

我们做到了。

That is how you break dry ice.

干冰就是这么敲碎的。

There we go.

搞定了。

All right, cool.

好了，太酷了。

So, we got a few chunks of dry ice in there.

我们往里面放了几块干冰。

Listen to that.

听听这声音。

Our dry ice is having a private moment. 習語

我们的干冰正在享受独处时光。

Look at the way the vapor is falling and filling up the container.

看这水汽下沉并充满容器的样子。

Right now, what it's doing is pushing

现在，它正在做的是把

the oxygen out and filling the container

氧气挤出并用二氧化碳

with carbon dioxide.

填满整个容器。

So, we got a few good chunks of dry ice in our vacuum chamber.

好了，我们在真空室里放了几块大干冰。

Let's go ahead and put on the lid, 短語搭配

我们把盖子盖上，

close the valve,

关上阀门，

get this thing fired up. 短語動詞

启动这台机器。

Let's see what happens.

来看看会发生什么。

All right, so it actually is pulling vacuum pressure.

好的，它确实正在抽取真空。

It's probably not the smartest idea to be using a glass container 語氣意圖

用玻璃容器可能不是最明智的主意，

because the dry ice can actually cool down the glass at the bottom

因为干冰实际上会让底部的玻璃变冷，

while the glass at the top stays warm.

而顶部的玻璃却保持温暖。

So, that creates a difference in temperature

这就造成了温差，

that could expose the glass to shattering and imploding.

可能导致玻璃碎裂和内爆。

So, this is a little bit dangerous.

所以，这有一点危险。

From here, I can see the gauge is probably around 23 inches of mercury, 文化背景

从这里，我能看到压力表大概在23英寸汞柱左右，

which is about as low as that vacuum pump can pull. 語法

这差不多是这台真空泵能抽到的最低极限了。

I'm going to close this valve and turn off the vacuum pump.

我要关掉这个阀门并关闭真空泵。

Watch the gauge as I do.

我做的时候注意看压力表。

Now, it's about 22 inches of mercury,

现在大概是22英寸汞柱，

but as the dry ice continues to vaporize that carbon dioxide,

但随着干冰继续气化成二氧化碳，

you can see the container actually starts repressurizing

你能看到容器实际上开始重新加压，

and the gauge is dropping in pressure.

而且压力表的负压正在下降。

So, just to go a little bit further, 表達脈絡

为了更进一步观察，

let's release the pressure.

我们把压力释放掉。

Let's add a little bit of warm water to get this thing vaping a little bit 語法

我们加一点温水让它多冒点蒸汽，

and then turn the vacuum chamber back on. 短語動詞

然后再把真空室打开。

Let's open the valve in

我们准备打开阀门

3

3

2

2

1.

1。

Sweet dry ice vapor.

迷人的干冰蒸汽。

It actually smells like vinegar

它居然有股醋味，

and I think that's because of the Proto Putty.

我觉得那是因为里面放了Proto Putty。

I just poured some hot water.

我刚才倒了些热水。

This is about the hottest I could get it out of my tap.

这大概是我能从水龙头接到的最热的水了。

And pouring this in will actually help insulate the bottom of the glass as well

把它倒进去其实也能帮玻璃底部保温，

and reduce the chances of it imploding on us. 短語搭配

降低它内爆炸到我们的几率。

Oh, that's cool.

哦，这太酷了。

Oh, man.

哦，天哪。

Who doesn't love dry ice? 語氣意圖

谁会不爱干冰呢？

Surprisingly,

令人惊讶的是，

I can actually breathe that quite well.

我居然可以很顺畅地呼吸这些气体。

I mean, I thought it would be stinging my lungs.

我的意思是，我以为它会刺痛我的肺部。

Like if you put dry ice into a balloon and then breathe it,

比如如果你把干冰放进气球然后吸气，

it hurts the lungs quite a bit.

那会让肺部非常难受。

But I can breathe this just fine. 短語搭配

但我呼吸这个完全没问题。

Let's go ahead and add the rest of it.

我们继续，把剩下的都加进去。

So, we now have hot water,

所以，我们现在的真空室里有热水，

dry ice in our vacuum chamber.

还有干冰。

So, let's go ahead and put the lid on

那么，我们盖上盖子，

and see what happens when we turn it on this time.

看看这次打开机器会发生什么。

This valve open,

打开这个阀门，

this valve closed.

关闭这个阀门。

You can see if I actually try and hold this container closed,

你能看到如果我真的试图按住这个容器，

the lid will actually start popping up.

盖子还是会弹起来。

There's nothing I can do about it. 短語搭配

我对此无能为力。

And if I open the exhaust valve,

如果我打开排气阀，

we could actually get dry ice vapor shooting out of it.

实际上干冰蒸汽会喷射出来。

That looks cool.

看起来很酷。

Looks right out of the movies, 習語

简直就像电影里的画面，

like a busted pipeline or something.

像破裂的管道之类的。

Sweet.

太棒了。

Okay, let's close that off 短語動詞

好了，我们把它关上，

and turn on the vacuum.

然后开启真空泵。

3

3

2

2

1

1

Oh, and we actually are pulling vacuum pressure.

哦，其实我们正在抽取真空压力。

That's surprising to me.

这让我很惊讶。

Cuz with how much vapor's coming off, 講解

因为随着那么多蒸汽冒出来，

I wondered if that would kind of neutralize,

我以为压力会被中和掉，

if it'd equalize.

或者会平衡掉。

But we're at about 13 inches of mercury right now

但我们现在达到了大约13英寸汞柱的负压，

and steadily increasing.

而且还在稳步上升。

So, there used to be a really dense thick white fog 語法

所以，刚才这里有一团非常浓密的白雾，

and that has been reduced to the point now 語法

现在已经减少到了

where I can actually see the dry ice blocks inside.

我能清楚看到里面干冰块的程度。

There still is a white vapor,

虽然还有白色蒸汽，

but that is slowly being pulled out.

但正在被慢慢抽出去。

And if you look closely,

如果你仔细看，

you can even see a little bit of that vapor

你甚至能看到一点蒸汽

flowing down the tube here to the vacuum pump.

正顺着这根管子流向真空泵。

Now, I'm not exactly sure how good it is 語氣意圖

现在，我不太确定

to be running carbon dioxide and water vapor into a vacuum pump.

把二氧化碳和水蒸气抽进真空泵里好不好。

But hey,

不过嘿，

it's for you guys.

这都是为了你们。

It's for science.

为了科学。

All right, so update, guys.

好了，伙计们，更新一下进展。

We're down to about 20 inches of mercury right now.

我们现在的负压下降到了约20英寸汞柱。

So, let's just flip the valve open,

那么，我们就直接打开阀门，

let all the air back in, and see what happens.

让所有空气流回去，看看会发生什么。

Oh,

哦，

and now you can hear it bubbling again.

现在你能再次听到它在冒泡了。

That's interesting.

这很有趣。

So, we tried a massive amount of dry ice in a container.

所以，我们在容器里尝试了大量干冰。

But what would happen if 語法

但如果在里面

we just tried a very small amount of dry ice?

只尝试很少量的干冰会发生什么呢？

Let's break off a small chunk, throw it into our pressure cooker, 短語動詞

我们掰下一小块，扔进我们的压力锅里，

and just see what happens there.

就看看那里会发生什么。

Throw that in.

把它扔进去。

Set the vacuum on.

启动真空泵。

Gauge is rising.

压力表在上升。

Rising fast, man.

上升得很快，伙计。

That looks good.

看起来不错。

Oh, yeah.

哦，对。

That's a lot faster than we had all that dry ice in there.

这比我们刚才放那么多干冰时要快得多。

We're almost up as far as this thing can go right now.

我们现在几乎已经达到这东西的极限了。

22 inches of mercury.

22英寸汞柱。

Oh, wow.

哦，哇。

Look,

看，

the dry ice is shaking a little bit.

干冰在轻微颤抖。

It's like vibrating.

就像在振动。

Looks really nervous right now.

现在看起来非常紧张。

If I grab this lid and shake it,

如果我抓住这个盖子摇晃，

there's no way that's coming off. 講解

它是绝对掉不下来的。

But interestingly enough, 表達脈絡

但有趣的是，

like the dry ice isn't doing much in there.

干冰在里面好像没发生什么剧烈反应。

It's still sublimating like it normally would, 語法

它还是像平时一样在升华，

but I don't know if it's sublimating any faster.

但我不知道它升华得有没有变快。

But I really have no way to gauge that.

不过我真的没法测量这一点。

So, yeah,

所以，没错，

dry ice in a vacuum is very anticlimactic. 用詞

干冰在真空中真的非常让人扫兴。

Nothing's really happening.

其实什么也没发生。

So, there you have it, guys. 表達脈絡

好了，各位，就是这样。

A very fun and a very cool experiment with dry ice

一个在真空室里测试干冰的

in a vacuum chamber.

非常有趣且很酷的实验。

And thanks again to Jason Gamer

再次感谢Jason Gamer

for requesting this experiment.

请求做这个实验。

If any of you have experiments you want to see me try,

如果你们有任何想看我尝试的实验，

post your suggestions down below.

请在下面留言建议。

Thanks for joining me for this video.

感谢观看本期视频。

I'll be looking for you in the next one.

我会在下期视频里等你们。

Talk to you then.

到时候见。

Excuse you. 語氣意圖

见笑了。