为什么气味能让我们有家的感觉 ⏲️ 6分钟英语：英语精读讲义

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

bbclearningenglish.com 呈现的《6分钟英语》。

Hello.

大家好。

This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

这里是 BBC Learning English 制作的《6分钟英语》。

I'm Phil.

我是 Phil。

And I'm Beth.

我是 Beth。

Phil,

Phil，

what makes home special for you? 語法

家对你来说有什么特别之处？

Maybe it's sleeping in your own bed,

也许是睡在自己的床上，

the view from the window,

窗外的风景，

or a loved family pet.

或者一只心爱的家庭宠物。

What makes you feel like you're home, Phil? 語法

是什么让你有回到家的感觉呢，Phil？

You know what? 語氣意圖

你猜怎么着？

I think it's just relaxing on my sofa in my living room.

我觉得就是在我家客厅的沙发上放松休息。

Mm, very nice.

嗯，非常好。

Um, well, you might not realize it, 表達脈絡

嗯，也许你没有意识到，

but for your brain,

但对你的大脑来说，

one of the strongest identifiers of home is smell. 語法

最有代表性的家的标识之一就是气味。

Listen as BBC presenters Marnie Chesterton

来听听 BBC 主持人 Marnie Chesterton

and Tristan Ahtone

和 Tristan Ahtone

describe the smells

描述那些

which give them the feeling of home. 短語搭配

给他们家一样感觉的气味。

My grandad's house smelt of pine 短語搭配

我爷爷家有股松树的味道，

and damp and musty books. 用詞

还有潮湿和发霉的书卷气。

I know my mom's perfume,

我知道我妈妈的香水味，

my dad's preferred soap.

还有我爸爸最爱的肥皂味。

In this program,

在本期节目中，

we'll be finding out why our sense of smell 短語動詞

我们将弄清楚为什么我们的嗅觉

is so important to feeling at home, 語法

对于在家的感觉如此重要，

even when we don't notice it. 語法

即使在我们没有注意到它的时候。

As always,

像往常一样，

we'll be introducing some useful new vocabulary.

我们将介绍一些有用的新词汇。

And if you head over to our website, 短語動詞

如果你访问我们的网站，

bbclearningenglish.com,

bbclearningenglish.com，

you'll find a transcript of the program

你会找到本期节目的文字稿，

to read along with as you listen. 短語動詞

可以在收听时跟着阅读。

And there's a free worksheet, too.

还有一份免费的练习表。

Good idea, Beth.

好主意，Beth。

But now,

但现在，

it's time for my question.

该到我的提问时间了。

The sense of smell is incredibly powerful,

嗅觉是非常强大的，

but not everyone has it. 語法

但并不是所有人都有嗅觉。

A small amount of the population is anosmic, 用詞

一小部分人是嗅觉缺失的（anosmic），

meaning they can't smell.

意思也就是他们闻不到气味。

So,

所以，

according to research at the University of Reading, 短語搭配

根据雷丁大学的研究，

what percentage of people have no sense of smell?

没有嗅觉的人口比例是多少？

Is it A, 2%,

是A，2%，

B, 5%,

B，5%，

or C, 7%?

还是C，7%？

Oh, I'm going to say B, 5%. 語氣意圖

哦，我选B，5%。

Mm, well, we'll find out the correct answer

嗯，我们会在节目稍后

later in the program.

揭晓正确答案。

Have you ever come back home from holiday 短語搭配

你有没有试过度假回家后

and noticed a strange smell in your house?

注意到你家里有一种奇怪的味道？

If you have, 語法

如果有，

don't worry, it's not bad.

别担心，这不是坏事。

In fact, there's a scientific reason for it. 表達脈絡

事实上，这有科学依据。

As science writer Tristan Ahtone explained

正如科学作家 Tristan Ahtone 向

to BBC World Service program

BBC 世界频道节目

Unexpected Elements.

《Unexpected Elements》所解释的那样。

One thing I've been thinking about 語法

我一直在思考的一件事

is that every house or home has, well, a smell to it. 用詞

就是每个房子或每个家都有，嗯，一种属于它的味道。

You might really notice this in your own home

在自己的家里你可能真的会注意到这一点，

when you come back from a long trip

当你长途旅行归来，

and you step through your front door 短語搭配

当你迈进前门，

and things smell, well, just kind of a bit weird. 語氣意圖

东西闻起来，嗯，就是有点奇怪。

While there's a good chance your house might smell strange 短語搭配

虽然很有可能你的房子闻起来奇怪

because it's been closed up for a few weeks, 短語動詞

是因为它已经关了好几个星期，

there's also a chance you might be smelling your home

但也有可能你闻到的就是你的家

as it usually smells, 語法

平时通常的味道，

but you just don't notice it when you're there.

只是你在家的时候并没有注意到而已。

Tristan says that when you return home after being away,

Tristan 说当你外出后回家，

there's a good chance your house smells weird,

很有可能你的房子闻起来 weird（奇怪的），

an adjective meaning strange or unusual.

这是一个形容词，意思是奇怪的或不寻常的。

If you say there's a good chance that something will happen,

如果你说很有可能（there's a good chance）某事会发生，

you mean there's a high likelihood or probability of it.

你的意思是它发生的可能性或概率很高。

The truth is that every home has a smell,

事实是每个家都有一种味道，

although we're so used to it, 短語搭配

尽管我们已经如此习惯，

we usually don't notice.

通常我们注意不到。

When we breathe in, 短語動詞

当我们吸气时，

receptor cells in the nose detect molecules in the air

鼻子里的受体细胞检测空气中的分子

and send them to olfactory organs in the brain. 用詞

并把它们发送到大脑里的嗅觉器官。

These analyze the smells for danger.

这些器官分析气味是否有危险。

The reason you can't smell your own home 語法

你闻不到自己家的味道的原因

is that it isn't a threat to you.

是它对你没有威胁。

Here's science writer Tristan Ahtone again,

再次有请科学作家 Tristan Ahtone

explaining more to BBC World Service program

向 BBC 世界频道节目

Unexpected Elements.

《Unexpected Elements》解释更多细节。

Well, by filtering out common non-threatening smells, 短語動詞

嗯，通过过滤掉常见无威胁的气味，

it makes it easier to detect things out of the ordinary 講解

我们能更容易地察觉出不同寻常的东西，

that might be dangerous.

那些可能很危险的东西。

So, for example,

所以，举个例子，

if you forget about your toast and it starts to burn,

如果你忘了你的吐司，然后它开始烧焦了，

you can typically smell that quickly

你通常能很快闻出那个味道，

because there's a change to the environment that you're in.

因为你所处的环境发生了改变。

Then the other parts of your brain kick 短語動詞

然后你大脑的其他部分开始

in to understand the smell of smoke 短語搭配

运转起来，去把烟味理解为

as a potential harm or threat.

潜在的伤害或威胁。

But even if we can't smell our own homes, 語法

但即使我们闻不到自己家的味道，

the scent of them still matters

它们的气味依然重要，

because it's entangled with our recognition of comfort and security. 用詞

因为这与我们对舒适和安全的认知交织在一起。

By filtering out familiar smells,

通过过滤掉熟悉的气味，

our brains are able to detect other smells

我们的大脑能够察觉其他

which are out of the ordinary,

不同寻常的（out of the ordinary）、

unusual or uncommon,

不寻常或不常见的气味，

and which may be dangerous.

而且可能是危险的气味。

To filter something out

过滤出（filter something out）

means to remove or separate something unwanted

意思是从某物中移除或分离出不想要的东西

from something else.

从某物中。

For example,

例如，

filtering out the smell of home

过滤掉家里的味道

means we notice the smell of burning toast

意味着我们能注意到烤焦吐司的味道

or other smells alerting us to possible danger. 短語搭配

或其他警示我们潜在危险的气味。

Even though we don't usually notice the scent, 語法

尽管我们通常不会注意到这个气味，

the particular smell of our home,

这个家里特有的味道，

it still has an effect on the brain's limbic system, 講解

它对大脑中处理记忆和情感的边缘系统

which handles memory and emotion.

仍会产生影响。

This explains why smell has such a strong effect 表達脈絡

这解释了为什么气味对我们的感受

on our feelings

有如此强烈的影响，

and why we feel comfortable and safe at home.

以及为什么我们在家里感到舒适和安全。

Right.

对。

Phil, isn't it time to reveal the answer to your question?

Phil，是不是该揭晓你问题的答案了？

Yes, it is.

是的。

I asked you what percentage of the population is anosmic,

我问你患有嗅觉缺失症的人口比例是多少，

that means they can't smell.

也就是他们闻不到气味的意思。

And the answer is B, 5%,

答案是B，5%，

which is what you said,

也就是你说的那个，

I think.

我觉得。

It is, yeah.

没错，是的。

Well done.

做得好。

Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned in this program, 表達脈絡

好的，让我们复习一下本期节目学到的词汇，

starting with anosmic,

从 anosmic 开始，

meaning having no sense or a limited sense of smell.

意思是完全没有嗅觉或嗅觉有限制。

The adjective weird means strange,

形容词 weird 的意思是奇怪的、

odd, or bizarre.

古怪的或离奇的。

When someone says there's a good chance something will happen,

当有人说很有可能（there's a good chance）某事会发生，

they mean it's quite likely to happen.

他们的意思是这事很有可能发生。

The phrase out of the ordinary means unusual,

短语 out of the ordinary 的意思是不寻常的、

uncommon, or exceptional.

不常见的或例外的。

If you filter something out,

如果你 filter something out（过滤掉某物），

you remove or separate something unwanted from a substance.

你从某种物质中移除或分离出不想要的东西。

And finally,

最后，

a scent is a distinctive smell, 用詞

scent 是一种独特的气味，

often a pleasant one,

通常是好闻的，

although it can also mean the smell made by an animal. 用詞

尽管它也可以指动物留下的气味。

Once again,

再说一次，

our 6 minutes are up.

我们的六分钟到了。

But if you enjoyed listening to this program,

但是如果你喜欢听这档节目，

you'll find many more,

你可以找到更多，

along with a worksheet with a quiz you can try

外加一张练习表，可以在我们的网站上试做里面的小测验：

on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.

bbclearningenglish.com。

See you there soon.

期待很快在那里与你相见。

Bye.

拜拜。

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

bbclearningenglish.com 呈现的《6分钟英语》。