衡量幸福的国家 ⏲️ 6分钟英语：英语精读讲义

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

bbclearningenglish.com出品的《6分钟英语》。

Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

大家好，这里是BBC Learning English的《6分钟英语》。

I'm Neil.

我是尼尔。

And I'm Pippa.

我是皮帕。

In this program,

在本期节目中，

we're talking about happiness.

我们要谈论的是幸福。

So, what makes you happy, Neil?

那么，尼尔，什么会让你感到幸福？

Oh, it makes me happy 語法

哦，让我感到幸福的是

when I'm with a group of old friends

当我和一群老朋友在一起

and we're having a good laugh. 短語搭配

大家开怀大笑的时候。

How about you, Pippa? 語氣意圖

你呢，皮帕？

Cats make me very happy,

猫让我非常开心，

especially if I see a cat on the street that I don't know

尤其是如果我在街上看到一只我不认识的猫，

and it lets me give it a little stroke. 講解

而它让我轻轻摸它一下。

That always makes me happy.

那总是让我感到很幸福。

I'm not surprised.

我一点也不惊讶。

That sounds great.

听起来很棒。

So, happiness means different things to different people, 短語搭配

所以，幸福对不同的人意味着不同的事情，

but what's for sure is that most people would like to be happy. 語法

但可以肯定的是，大多数人都希望能幸福。

And the small Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan

而喜马拉雅山脉的小王国不丹

has taken this to a new level 習語

将这一愿望提升到了一个新的高度，

with the idea of Gross National Happiness 文化背景

提出了国民幸福总值的理念，

or GNH.

简称GNH。

We'll be hearing more about Gross National Happiness

我们很快就会听到更多关于国民幸福总值的内容，

and learning some useful new vocabulary soon.

并且学习一些有用的新词汇。

But first, Pippa, I have a question for you.

但首先，皮帕，我有一个问题要问你。

Of course, it's not just the people of Bhutan who want to be happy. 表達脈絡

当然，想要幸福的不只是不丹人民。

In fact, the United Nations has even announced an International Day of Happiness. 表達脈絡

事实上，联合国甚至宣布设立了国际幸福日。

But when is that?

但那是什么时候呢？

Is International Happiness Day

国际幸福日是

A, the 20th of March,

A，3月20日，

B, the 20th of June,

B，6月20日，

or C, the 20th of November?

还是C，11月20日？

I'm going to say the 20th of June 語氣意圖

我猜是6月20日，

because it would be sunny in the UK.

因为在英国那天会阳光明媚。

Okay, let's find out if you're right at the end of the program. 短語搭配

好的，让我们在节目最后看看你猜得对不对。

Now, briefly, Gross National Happiness means 表達脈絡

现在简而言之，国民幸福总值意味着

preserving Bhutan's natural environment and culture

保护不丹的自然环境和文化，

through sustainable and eco-friendly development. 用詞

通过可持续和环保的发展方式。

Bhutan's government sees these goals 語法

不丹政府将这些目标

as more important than growing the economy at any cost. 習語

视为比不惜代价发展经济更重要的事情。

For many years, Bhutan was closed to the outside world. 短語搭配

多年来，不丹对外部世界是封闭的。

The first foreign tourists arrived in 1974

第一批外国游客在1974年才到来，

and television was only introduced in 1999.

电视直到1999年才被引入。

The king of Bhutan wanted to modernize the country 用詞

不丹国王想要使国家现代化，

and give it the benefits of modern technology,

并让其享受现代科技带来的好处，

but without damaging traditional culture. 語法

但前提是不破坏传统文化。

So, he invited outside experts to develop the idea of Gross National Happiness.

因此，他邀请外部专家来发展国民幸福总值的理念。

One expert was Dr. Ha Vinh Toe,

其中一位专家是Ha Vinh Toe博士，

speaking here to Charmaine Cozier,

他在这里接受Charmaine Cozier的采访，

presenter of BBC World Service program The Inquiry.

她是BBC世界广播节目《The Inquiry》的主持人。

So, his idea was how could we modernize and open our country 講解

所以，他的想法是我们如何使国家现代化并对外开放，

without losing its culture,

而不失去其文化、

its environment,

其环境，

and its very strong social fabric. 習語

及其非常稳固的社会结构。

Because Bhutan was one of the only countries in Asia who was never colonized. 文化背景

因为不丹是亚洲少数从未被殖民的国家之一。

Therefore, its culture is very intact and vibrant, 用詞

因此，其文化非常完整且充满活力，

mainly Buddhist culture.

主要是佛教文化。

And so the idea was that Gross National Happiness

因此，这个想法是，国民幸福总值

should be the focus on all governmental decisions and policies. 表達脈絡

应该成为所有政府决策和政策的焦点。

So the well-being and happiness of citizens took center stage. 習語

这样，公民的福祉和幸福就占据了中心位置。

Bhutan has a strong social fabric,

不丹有着稳固的社会结构，

meaning there are good relationships within communities

意味着社区内有着良好的关系，

and these hold society together. 短語動詞

而这些将社会凝聚在一起。

Unlike other Asian countries, 表達脈絡

与其他亚洲国家不同，

Bhutan was never colonized.

不丹从未被殖民过。

So its Buddhist culture and traditions are intact.

所以它的佛教文化和传统完好无损。

They're complete and unspoiled.

它们完整而未受破坏。

As a result, 表達脈絡

因此，

the happiness of Bhutan's people took center stage.

不丹人民的幸福成为了焦点。

It became the most important thing.

它成为了最重要的事情。

Bhutan's emphasis on happiness has been admired around the world.

不丹对幸福的重视受到了全世界的赞赏。

But there have been problems too. 表達脈絡

但也存在一些问题。

One is the migration of Bhutanese workers to India and other countries

之一就是不丹工人为了寻找收入更高的工作和机会

in search of better paid jobs and opportunities, 短語搭配

移民到印度和其他国家，

something known as the brain drain. 用詞

也就是所谓的人才外流（brain drain）。

So, in 2023,

因此，在2023年，

the king of Bhutan announced a multi-million-dollar project called The Mindfulness City, 用詞

不丹国王宣布了一个名为“正念之城”的耗资数百万美元的项目，

a new Himalayan city built on spiritual and environmental 短語搭配

这是一座建立在精神和环境

principles, all powered by renewable energy. 短語搭配

原则上的喜马拉雅新城，完全由可再生能源供电。

Originally from Bhutan,

出生于不丹的

Dr. Lhawang Ugyel is the project's director

Lhawang Ugyel博士是该项目的负责人，

and spoke with Charmaine Cozier for the BBC World Service's The Inquiry.

他接受了BBC世界广播节目《The Inquiry》的Charmaine Cozier的采访。

The project is also about reversing Bhutan's brain drain. 短語搭配

这个项目也是为了扭转不丹的人才外流现象。

The intention is to have locals run this whole Mindfulness City. 語法

其意图是让当地人来管理整个正念之城。

So, in that sense, 表達脈絡

因此，从这个意义上讲，

it's also to attract the migrants that have left

它也是为了吸引那些已经离开的移民，

and in the process of having worked abroad, 短語搭配

以及在国外工作过程中

gained the extra skills,

获得了额外技能的人，

come back to the Mindfulness City and work.

回到正念之城工作。

As well as being a futuristic eco-city, 表達脈絡

除了作为一座充满未来感的生态城市，

The Mindfulness City hopes to stop Bhutan's brain drain

正念之城还希望通过吸引工人回到不丹

by attracting workers back home to Bhutan. 語法

来阻止不丹的人才外流。

These local workers can then use the extra skills that they've learned abroad through upskilling.

这些当地工人可以通过技能提升（upskilling），运用他们在国外学到的额外技能。

And upskilling is the process where worker skills are improved through training. 用詞

技能提升（upskilling）是通过培训来提高工人技能的过程。

The idea of Gross National Happiness might sound unusual, 表達脈絡

国民幸福总值的理念听起来可能很不寻常，

but it's interesting to see Bhutan balancing economic growth with the happiness of its people. 短語搭配

但看到不丹在经济增长与其人民幸福之间取得平衡，是很有趣的。

Yes, that's true.

是的，确实如此。

And it reminds me of your question, Neil. 短語搭配

这也让我想起了你的问题，尼尔。

Yes, I asked you what the date of International Happiness Day is.

是的，我问你国际幸福日是哪一天。

I said it was the 20th of June,

我说是6月20日，

in the summer, in the UK.

在英国是夏天。

Well, maybe it's better for people in the southern hemisphere 文化背景

嗯，这对南半球的人来说可能更好，

because it's actually the 20th of March.

因为其实是3月20日。

Oh, nice.

哦，不错。

And if you got that answer right,

如果你答对了那个问题，

why not try our interactive quiz, 語氣意圖

为什么不试试我们的互动测验呢，

which you'll find on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.

你可以在我们的网站bbclearningenglish.com上找到它。

Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned, 表達脈絡

好了，让我们复习一下今天学到的词汇，

starting with modernize, 表達脈絡

首先是modernize（现代化），

to make something more modern,

指使某物变得更现代，

for example, through introducing technology.

例如，通过引入科技。

A country's social fabric means the relationships which connect a community together.

一个国家的social fabric（社会结构）指的是将社区连接在一起的各种关系。

The adjective intact means complete and undamaged.

形容词intact（完好无损的）意思就是完整和未受损的。

If something takes center stage,

如果某件事takes center stage（占据中心位置），

it becomes more important than anything else.

它就变得比其他任何事情都重要。

A brain drain happens when large numbers of educated and skilled people

当大量受过教育和有技能的人

leave their own country to live and work in another country

离开自己的国家去另一个国家生活和工作

where they can earn more money.

在那里他们能赚更多的钱时，就会发生brain drain（人才外流）。

And finally, upskilling

最后，upskilling（技能提升）

means improving workers' skills through training and experience.

意思是通过培训和经验来提高工人的技能。

Once again, our 6 minutes are up. 習語

再次提醒，我们的6分钟时间到了。

Goodbye for now.

先说再见了。

Goodbye.

再见。

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

bbclearningenglish.com出品的《6分钟英语》。