为什么久坐有害健康 ⏲️ 6分钟英语：英语精读讲义

Six Minute English

六分钟英语

from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com。

Hello, this is Six Minute English from BBC Learning English.

大家好，这里是BBC英语教学的六分钟英语。

I'm Phil.

我是菲尔。

And I'm Georgie.

我是乔吉。

We all know how important exercise is 語法

我们都知道运动有多么重要

to stay fit and reduce the risk of heart disease. 短語搭配

对于保持健康和降低心脏病风险。

Do you exercise much, Phil? 語法

菲尔，你经常运动吗？

I try to. 語氣意圖

我尽量。

I ride my bike at the weekend, 用詞

我周末会骑自行车，

but to be honest, 語氣意圖

但老实说，

I do spend a lot of time sitting down. 語法

我确实花很多时间坐着。

Mm,

嗯，

sitting too much is becoming an increasing problem in the modern world. 短語搭配

久坐正成为现代世界日益严重的问题。

Maybe you take the bus or train to work, 短語搭配

也许你乘公交车或火车上班，

then sit at a desk all day, 短語搭配

然后整天坐在办公桌前，

then go home feeling tired

然后下班回家感觉疲惫，

and just sit in front of the television all evening as well. 短語搭配

并且整个晚上也只是坐在电视机前。

Added together, 表達脈絡

加在一起，

that's hours of sitting every single day.

那就是每天坐着好几个小时。

In this program,

在本期节目中，

we'll be finding out exactly how much sitting is too much. 語法

我们将确切了解坐多久算太久。

And of course,

当然，

we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary.

我们也会学习一些有用的新词汇。

But first,

但首先，

are you sitting comfortably, Phil?

菲尔，你坐得舒服吗？

Because I have a question for you.

因为我有一个问题要问你。

On average, 短語搭配

平均而言，

how many hours a day do British adults spend sitting down? 語法

英国成年人每天花多少小时坐着？

Is it A,

是A，

7 hours,

7小时，

B, 9 hours,

B，9小时，

or C, 12 hours?

还是C，12小时？

I'll guess it's 7 hours.

我猜是7小时。

Okay, Phil.

好的，菲尔。

I'll reveal the correct answer later. 表達脈絡

我稍后会揭晓正确答案。

Charlotte Edwardson is a professor of health and behavior studies

夏洛特·爱德华森是一位健康与行为研究的教授

who has investigated the link between sitting and health problems 短語搭配

她调查了久坐与健康问题之间的联系

in her lab at Leicester University.

在莱斯特大学的实验室里。

Here,

在这里，

she talks to BBC Radio 4 program Inside Health. 文化背景

她在BBC广播4台的《内部健康》节目中说道。

If we think about our daily activities, 表達脈絡

如果我们思考一下我们的日常活动，

a lot of activities are done sitting down. 語法

很多活动都是坐着完成的。

Movement in our everyday lives

我们日常生活中的运动

has really been engineered out with advances in technology. 講解

确实已经随着技术的进步被淘汰了。

And our bodies just weren't designed to sit this much, 語法

我们的身体本来就不是设计来坐这么久的，

so it's going to cause problems with our health. 短語搭配

所以这会导致我们的健康出现问题。

So when you sit down,

因此，当你坐下时，

you're not using the largest muscles in your body.

你并没有使用身体里最大的肌肉。

So these are the ones in your legs and your bum. 用詞

也就是你腿部和臀部的肌肉。

So that means that your muscle activity goes down. 短語搭配

所以这意味着你的肌肉活动减少了。

When your muscle activity goes down,

当你的肌肉活动减少时，

your blood circulation reduces. 用詞

你的血液循环就会变慢。

Throughout history, 表達脈絡

纵观历史，

humans have always walked and moved their bodies.

人类一直在行走和活动他们的身体。

Now,

现在，

modern technologies like motorized vehicles and office jobs

像机动车和办公室工作等现代技术

means we spend more and more time sitting. 語法

意味着我们坐着的时间越来越多。

Modern life has engineered out the need for us to move.

现代生活已经排除了我们移动的需要。

When you engineer something out,

当你 engineer something out（把某事设计出局）时，

you design things in such a way 語法

你的设计方式

that it is no longer required.

使其不再被需要。

For example,

例如，

CD drives have been engineered out of laptops

CD光驱已经从笔记本电脑中被淘汰了，

because downloads are more popular.

因为下载变得更加流行。

Charlotte says humans are not used to sitting this much. 語法

夏洛特说，人类并不习惯坐这么久。

Here,

在这里，

the words this much 短語搭配

“this much”这个词

mean in such large amounts.

意思是如此巨大的量。

It's a negative thing.

这是一件负面的事情。

One negative being the harm to blood circulation, 用詞

负面影响之一是对血液循环的伤害，

the flow of blood through the heart and blood vessels

也就是血液通过心脏和血管的流动，

which carries oxygen around the body.

将氧气输送到全身。

When we sit,

当我们坐着时，

we stop using important muscles.

我们停止使用重要的肌肉。

This reduces blood circulation

这会减少血液循环

and causes a range of other effects 短語搭配

并引起一系列其他影响，

like increased levels of glucose and fat 用詞

比如葡萄糖和脂肪水平增加，

and decreased energy levels.

以及能量水平下降。

The body uses 20% more energy 語法

身体消耗的能量会多出20%

when simply standing than when sitting down.

当你仅仅是站着而不是坐着时。

And walking uses 92% more energy.

而走路消耗的能量会多出92%。

And that's not to mention the damage 講解

更不用说造成的损害了

sitting too much causes

久坐带来的

to muscle movement and blood pressure.

对肌肉运动和血压的伤害。

But the hard truth is that 習語

但残酷的事实是，

sitting is a big part of modern life.

坐着是现代生活的重要组成部分。

Everything is geared around sitting. 短語搭配

一切都是围绕着坐着来设计的。

It's organized towards that particular activity.

它是围绕着这个特定活动组织起来的。

And that makes it hard to stop. 語法

这让我们很难停下来。

Here's Professor Edwardson again

接下来又是爱德华森教授

talking with James Gallagher,

与詹姆斯·加拉格尔的谈话，

presenter of BBC Radio 4 program Inside Health.

詹姆斯是BBC广播4台节目《内部健康》的主持人。

How much do you feel like

你在多大程度上觉得

you're just swimming against the tide with all of this? 習語

面对这一切，你只是在逆流而上？

Like the whole of society 短語搭配

就像整个社会

is like driving us more and more towards, 短語動詞

好像在驱使我们越来越倾向于，

you know, sitting down all the time. 語氣意圖

你懂的，一直坐着。

And you're like, 用詞

而你就像在说，

"Please don't."

“请不要这样。”

Sitting is so much part of our everyday activities. 短語搭配

坐着很大程度上是我们日常活动的一部分。

You know, you go into a meeting

你知道，你走进一个会议室，

and someone's "Come and take a seat." 語氣意圖

有人会说，“过来坐下吧。”

You go into your GP surgery, 文化背景

你走进全科医生的诊所，

"Come and take a seat.

“过来坐下吧。

Everything's geared around sitting.

一切都是围绕坐着展开的。

And as technology advances 語法

随着技术的进步，

and it tries to make our life easier, 語法

它试图让我们的生活更轻松，

it then leads to us sitting even more." 語法

进而导致我们坐得更多。”

James asks if Charlotte is

詹姆斯问夏洛特是否

swimming against the tide of modern life.

正在现代生活中逆流而上。

If you're swimming against the tide,

如果你 swimming against the tide（逆流而上），

you're doing the opposite

你在做着相反的事情，

of what most people are doing.

和大多数人所做的事相反。

He also says that

他还说，

society is driving us towards sitting more.

社会正驱使我们坐得更多。

To drive someone towards something

drive someone towards something（驱使某人做某事）

it means pushing them to accept a new situation

意味着迫使他们接受一种新情况，

even when the situation isn't so good.

即使情况没那么好。

Luckily, 表達脈絡

幸运的是，

there's some simple advice to help.

有一些简单的建议可以帮忙。

Break up periods of sitting 30 minutes or more 短語動詞

打断长达30分钟或更久的静坐，

with a few minutes of walking

借助几分钟的步行

or moving your arms.

或活动你的手臂。

Also,

还有，

try to spend less than half 短語搭配

尝试花费少于一半的时间

of your waking hours sitting down.

在你清醒的时候坐着。

Good to know. 語氣意圖

很高兴知道这点。

Now, 表達脈絡

现在，

about your question, Georgie.

关于你的问题，乔吉。

Right.

对了。

My question

我的问题是

was how long does the average British adult

英国成年人平均多长时间

spend sitting each day?

每天花在坐着上？

Phil guessed it was 7 hours,

菲尔猜是7小时，

which was close 語氣意圖

这很接近，

but not right, I'm afraid.

恐怕不对。

In fact, 表達脈絡

事实上，

on average,

平均而言，

we spend 9 hours per day sitting down.

我们每天坐着的时间长达9个小时。

That's about 60% of our waking life. 用詞

这大约占了我们清醒生活的60%。

So remember to take regular breaks, 短語搭配

所以记住要定期休息，

even just a minute or two. 語氣意圖

哪怕只有一两分钟。

Okay,

好的，

let's recap the vocabulary we've learnt 表達脈絡

让我们复习一下我们学过的词汇，

starting with to engineer something out,

从 to engineer something out 开始，

meaning to design or plan

意思是设计或计划

in such a way

以这样一种方式

that something is no longer needed.

使某物不再被需要。

The phrase this much or so much

短语 this much 或 so much

means in such large amounts.

意思是这么大的数量。

Blood circulation is the movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels

Blood circulation（血液循环）是指血液通过心脏和血管的流动，

which carries oxygen around the body.

把氧气运送到全身。

If things are geared around a certain activity or purpose,

如果事情是 geared around（围绕……展开）某个活动或目的，

they're organized to support it.

它们就是为了支持它而组织的。

The idiom to swim against the tide

习语 to swim against the tide（逆流而上）

means to not follow what most people are doing.

意味着不盲从大多数人在做的事。

And finally,

最后，

to drive someone towards a new situation

to drive someone towards a new situation

means to push them towards accepting it.

意味着迫使他们去接受它。

Once again,

再次，

our 6 minutes are up. 短語搭配

我们的6分钟到了。

Remember to join us again next time

记得下次再来加入我们，

for more topical discussion and useful vocabulary 短語搭配

进行更多的话题讨论和学习有用的词汇，

here at Six Minute English.

就在六分钟英语。

Goodbye for now.

暂时再见了。

Bye.

再见。

Six Minute English

六分钟英语

from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com。