倒卖文物的犯罪交易 ⏲️ 6分钟英语：英语精读讲义

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自bbclearningenglish.com的6分钟英语。

Hello,

你好，

this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

这是来自BBC英语教学的6分钟英语。

I'm Neil.

我是尼尔。

And I'm Beth.

我是贝丝。

Neil,

尼尔，

what is the oldest thing you have at home?

你家里最古老的东西是什么？

Oh,

哦，

well,

嗯，

I do have some books from when I was a child. 語法

我确实有一些小时候的书。

I have um a rocking horse that was my dad's.

我有一匹我爸爸的摇摇马。

So that is quite old.

所以那相当古老了。

But neither of these are anywhere near as old as the 1,800 year old Roman coin, 語法

但这些都远不及这枚有1800年历史的罗马硬币古老，

which BBC reporter Ryan Keane recently bought in London.

这是BBC记者瑞安·基恩最近在伦敦买的。

But soon afterwards,

但不久之后，

Ryan discovered there was more to the story, 習語

瑞安发现故事远不止于此，

as he explains here on BBC World Service program Business Daily.

正如他在BBC世界服务节目《商业日报》中所解释的那样。

But as I researched into other kinds of ancient artifacts I could acquire,

但在我研究我可以获取的其他种类的古代文物时，

I came across reports of expansive criminal networks related to antiquities. 講解

我发现了与古董有关的庞大犯罪网络的报道。

Some ancient artifacts being sold online and in stores have been looted and trafficked. 用詞

一些在网上和商店出售的古代文物是被掠夺和走私的。

Ryan got interested in artifacts from Egypt,

瑞安对来自埃及、

Greece, and Rome.

希腊和罗马的文物产生了兴趣。

An artifact is any object made by humans, 用詞

文物是人类制造的任何物品，

usually very old, which is historically interesting.

通常非常古老，具有历史意义。

For example,

例如，

a coin or statue.

一枚硬币或雕像。

In the past,

在过去，

many artifacts have been looted or stolen by force.

许多文物遭到抢劫或被武力盗取。

Movies like Indiana Jones and Tomb Raider have made the subject popular. 文化背景

像《夺宝奇兵》和《古墓丽影》这样的电影让这个题材很受欢迎。

But the theft of ancient objects is a serious problem in some parts of the world.

但在世界某些地区，古代物品的盗窃是一个严重的问题。

So what can be done about it? 語法

那么对此能做些什么呢？

That's what we'll be discussing in this episode, 表達脈絡

这就是我们要在本期节目中讨论的内容，

using some useful new words and phrases.

同时使用一些有用的新单词和短语。

And remember,

请记住，

you'll find all the vocabulary from this episode on our website,

你可以在我们的网站上找到本期节目的所有词汇，

bbclearningenglish.com.

bbclearningenglish.com。

Now,

现在，

I have a question for you,

我有一个问题要问你，

Beth.

贝丝。

One of the most famous ancient artifacts was discovered by Egyptologist Howard Carter

最著名的古代文物之一是由古埃及学家霍华德·卡特发现的，

in the Valley of the Kings in 1922. 文化背景

1922年在帝王谷。

But what was it?

但那是什么呢？

Was it A,

是A，

the Rosetta Stone,

罗塞塔石碑，

B,

B，

the Mask of Tutankhamun, 文化背景

图坦卡蒙面具，

or C,

还是C，

the Ark of the Covenant?

约柜？

Oh,

哦，

I think it's B,

我认为是B，

the Mask of Tutankhamun.

图坦卡蒙面具。

Okay,

好的，

let's find out later in the program. 表達脈絡

让我们在节目稍后揭晓。

Stealing ancient objects is nothing new. 短語搭配

盗窃古代物品不是什么新鲜事。

During colonial times, 文化背景

在殖民时期，

it was common for artifacts to be taken from their original home and moved to museums and private collections abroad. 語法

文物通常被从原产地带走并移交到国外的博物馆和私人收藏中。

In the modern era,

在现代，

technology,

技术，

especially social media,

特别是社交媒体，

has increased the problem.

加剧了这个问题。

Here's Amr Al-Azm,

这是阿姆尔·阿兹姆，

a researcher from Shawnee State University in the US,

美国肖尼州立大学的一名研究员，

explaining more to BBC's Business Daily.

向BBC《商业日报》解释更多细节。

Social media is the game changer here. 習語

社交媒体在这里是改变局势的关键。

The bottleneck,

瓶颈，

if you will, 語氣意圖

如果你愿意这么说的话，

was how does someone who has an item then communicate with someone on the demand side. 用詞

在于拥有物品的人如何与需求方沟通。

It used to slow the process.

这过去常常会拖慢进程。

You had to go through intermediaries. 短語搭配

你必须通过中间人。

Social media changes all that because it just opens it up. 短語動詞

社交媒体改变了这一切，因为它直接打通了渠道。

Ammar calls social media a game changer,

阿马尔称社交媒体为改变局势的关键，

something new that is introduced into a situation and completely changes how it works.

引入到某个局面中并完全改变其运作方式的新事物。

For example,

例如，

the internet has been a game changer in how we communicate.

互联网在我们的沟通方式上起到了颠覆性的作用。

The reason is simple.

原因很简单。

For someone with illegally stolen artifacts to sell,

对于那些拥有非法盗取文物并想出售的人来说，

finding a buyer used to be difficult. 語法

寻找买家曾经很困难。

Ammar thinks that now,

阿马尔认为现在，

because of social media,

因为社交媒体，

this problem or bottleneck is gone.

这个难题或瓶颈消失了。

A bottleneck is a problem 習語

瓶颈是一个难题，

that delays a process or stops it from progressing.

它会延缓进程或阻止其发展。

So what can be done to stop the illegal buying and selling of ancient artifacts? 短語搭配

那么能做些什么来阻止古代文物的非法买卖呢？

Well,

嗯，

as the final destination for much looted treasure, 短語搭配

作为许多被掠夺宝藏的最终目的地，

museums have an important role to play. 短語搭配

博物馆扮演着重要角色。

Accusations of knowingly or unknowingly buying stolen objects have been made against several museums, 講解

有人指控几家博物馆有意或无意地购买了被盗物品，

including the Louvre in Paris.

包括巴黎的卢浮宫。

Victoria Reed is senior curator at the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. 用詞

维多利亚·里德是波士顿美术博物馆的高级策展人。

In 2024,

在2024年，

she helped her museum return an ancient necklace,

她帮助她的博物馆归还了一条古老的项链，

which had been taken illegally from Turkey in the 1970s. 語法

它是在20世纪70年代从土耳其被非法带走的。

But the idea of returning artifacts to their country of origin, 用詞

但是将文物归还原产国的想法，

something known as repatriation, 用詞

即所谓的文物遣返，

is controversial,

是有争议的，

as Victoria told BBC program Business Daily.

正如维多利亚告诉BBC节目《商业日报》的那样。

Outside of the museum world, 表達脈絡

在博物馆界之外，

of course,

当然，

there are many opinions,

有很多种观点，

and I personally try to maintain

而我个人试图保持

a relatively middle of the road approach. 習語

一种相对中庸的方法。

I believe in museums, 表達脈絡

我信任博物馆，

I believe in responsible collecting,

我信任负责任的收藏，

and I believe in judicious repatriation decisions. 用詞

并且我信任明智的遣返决定。

There are arguments both for and against repatriating artifacts. 短語搭配

关于遣返文物，存在着支持和反对的争论。

And Victoria takes a middle of the road approach.

而维多利亚采取了中庸的方法。

If you describe something as middle of the road,

如果你形容某事为中庸的，

you mean it's not extreme and is acceptable to most people.

意思是它不极端，并且能被大多数人接受。

Whether ancient artifacts find their way back to their original homes 習語

古代文物是否能回到它们原来的家

or are displayed in museums remains an ongoing debate. 短語搭配

或者在博物馆展出，仍然是一个持续的争论。

But either way, 表達脈絡

但无论哪种方式，

it's good to know that objects of culture and beauty are being preserved for future generations. 短語搭配

很高兴知道文化和美丽的物品正在为子孙后代被保存下来。

Okay,

好的，

I think it's time to reveal the answer to my question.

我想是时候揭晓我的问题的答案了。

I asked what the Egyptologist Howard Carter

我问古埃及学家霍华德·卡特

discovered in the Valley of the Kings in 1922.

1922年在帝王谷发现了什么。

Was it A,

是A，

the Rosetta Stone,

罗塞塔石碑，

B,

B，

the Mask of Tutankhamun,

图坦卡蒙面具，

or C,

还是C，

the Ark of the Covenant?

约柜？

And I said the Mask of Tutankhamun.

我说的是图坦卡蒙面具。

And you, Beth,

而你，贝丝，

were right.

答对了。

Yes.

是的。

Okay,

好的，

let's recap the vocabulary we've learned, 表達脈絡

让我们复习一下我们学过的词汇，

starting with artifact.

从文物(artifact)开始。

Any object made by humans,

任何由人类制造的物品，

which is of historical interest.

具有历史意义。

If something is looted,

如果某物被掠夺(looted)，

it's stolen by force.

它是被武力盗取的。

A game changer is a new element,

改变局势的关键(game changer)是一个新元素，

which,

它，

when introduced into a situation,

当被引入某个局面时，

completely changes it.

彻底改变了它。

A bottleneck

瓶颈(bottleneck)

is a problem that delays a process

是延缓进程

or stops it from progressing.

或阻止其发展的难题。

To repatriate something means to return it to the country it came from.

遣返(repatriate)某物意味着把它归还给它来自的国家。

And finally,

最后，

the adjective middle of the road

形容词中庸的(middle of the road)

describes things which are not extreme

形容不极端的事物，

and are acceptable to most people.

并且能被大多数人接受。

Once again,

再一次，

our 6 minutes are up.

我们的6分钟到了。

If you enjoyed this program,

如果你喜欢这个节目，

why not check out the accompanying worksheets and quiz. 語氣意圖

为什么不去看看配套的练习题和测验呢。

They're both available now

它们现在都可以获取，

at bbclearningenglish.com.

在bbclearningenglish.com。

See you there soon

很快在那里见，

and goodbye.

再见。

Goodbye.

再见。

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自bbclearningenglish.com的6分钟英语。