我们的过敏症越来越多了吗？ ⏲️ 6分钟英语：英语精读讲义

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com 的《六分钟英语》。

Hello,

你好，

and welcome to 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

欢迎收听 BBC Learning English 的《六分钟英语》。

I'm Beth.

我是贝丝。

And I'm Neil.

我是尼尔。

In this episode,

在这一期节目中，

we're talking about allergies.

我们来谈谈过敏。

Allergies are when a certain food or material makes you feel sick. 語法

过敏是指某种食物或物质让你感到不适。

Do you have any allergies, Beth?

你有过敏症吗，贝丝？

Yeah,

有的，

so I am actually allergic to dairy, 用詞

实际上我对乳制品过敏，

so I can't have anything with milk. 短語搭配

所以我不能吃任何含牛奶的东西。

So, no cheese,

所以不能吃奶酪，

no butter.

不能吃黄油。

Um what about you, Neil?

嗯，你呢，尼尔？

Have you got any allergies?

你有过敏症吗？

Well,

怎么说呢，

I'm not great with dairy either, 語氣意圖

我对乳制品的反应也不太好，

but it's not an allergy,

但这不算过敏，

more of an intolerance. 用詞

更像是不耐受。

So, it just makes me feel a bit bad rather than actually making me sick. 語法

所以它只是让我感觉有点不舒服，而不是真的让我生病。

Um but I do have hay fever, 講解

嗯，但我确实有花粉症，

so I'm allergic to pollen.

所以我对花粉过敏。

That means in the summer months,

这意味着在夏天的几个月里，

I'm sneezing and coughing all the time.

我总是打喷嚏和咳嗽。

I get runny eyes and a runny nose, 短語搭配

我会流眼泪和流鼻涕，

and it also gives me a little bit of asthma.

而且还会引起一点哮喘。

So, it's a bit of a pain. 習語

所以这有点让人头疼。

Oh, yeah.

哦，是的。

That sounds really horrible.

听起来真的很糟糕。

Now,

现在，

scientific evidence shows that more people are developing allergies. 講解

科学证据表明，越来越多的人正在患上过敏症。

In this program,

在今天的节目中，

we're going to find out about what it's like living with an allergy 講解

我们要了解过敏症患者的生活是怎样的，

and where in the world has the highest rate of allergies. 用詞

以及世界上哪里过敏发生率最高。

But first,

但首先，

I have a question for you, Beth.

我有一个问题问你，贝丝。

What is the most common allergy in the world?

世界上最常见的过敏是什么？

Is it A, peanuts?

是 A，花生？

B, pollen?

B，花粉？

Or C, dairy?

还是 C，乳制品？

Um I'm going to say pollen. 語氣意圖

嗯，我猜是花粉。

A lot of people I know have hay fever.

我认识的很多人都有花粉症。

Mm, including me.

嗯，也包括我。

Well, we'll find out the answer at the end of the show. 表達脈絡

好了，我们将在节目最后揭晓答案。

Now,

那么，

Beth, you're allergic to dairy,

贝丝，你对乳制品过敏，

but imagine if you had over 50 allergies. 語法

但想象一下如果你有50多种过敏。

That's the situation for Mia Silverman, who runs a social media account Allergies with Mia, 短語搭配

这就是 Mia Silverman 的情况，她运营着一个名为 Allergies with Mia 的社交媒体账号，

where she talks about living with lots of allergies. 短語搭配

在那里她讲述了与众多过敏症共存的生活。

My 50+ allergies include all nuts and their oils.

我的50多种过敏包括所有坚果及其提取油。

I'm allergic to all fish except for cooked tuna and cooked codfish. 語法

我对除了煮熟的金枪鱼和鳕鱼以外的所有鱼类过敏。

Life for Mia involves a lot of planning, 短語搭配

米娅的生活需要大量的计划，

as she told BBC World Service program What in the World.

正如她在 BBC 世界频道节目《What in the World》中所说的那样。

And having these 50+ allergies impacts my life every single day. 短語搭配

拥有这50多种过敏症每天都在影响我的生活。

So, when it comes to going to restaurants, having to call ahead of time, 講解

比如去餐厅吃饭时，必须提前打电话，

talk to the manager, talk to the chef,

与经理交谈，与主厨交谈，

to make sure that the restaurant can accommodate me, 講解

以确保餐厅能满足我的需求，

that they can make me something safe 短語搭配

确保他们能为我做些安全的食物，

and use protocols to prevent any sort of risk of any allergens touching my dish. 講解

并采用操作规程来防止任何过敏原接触到我菜品的风险。

When it comes to socializing,

说到社交，

it can be kind of hard sometimes because I want to make sure my friends don't feel inconvenienced or feel like I'm being a burden. 講解

有时候可能会有点困难，因为我想确保朋友们不会觉得不方便，或者觉得我是个负担。

If Mia wants to go to a restaurant,

如果米娅想去餐厅，

she has to call ahead of time to tell them about her allergies.

她必须提前打电话告诉他们她的过敏情况。

If you call ahead of time,

如果你 call ahead of time（提前打电话），

you phone somewhere, like a restaurant,

就是你打电话给某个地方，比如餐厅，

before you go.

在你去之前。

We can also say call ahead.

我们也可以说 call ahead。

Mia needs to find out whether restaurants can accommodate her allergies.

米娅需要了解餐厅是否能 accommodate（照顾到）她的过敏情况。

Accommodate in this context 表達脈絡

Accommodate 在这里的语境下

means give someone what they need.

意味着满足某人的需求。

Because Mia has so many allergies,

因为米娅有这么多过敏，

she has to visit restaurants which have protocols to stop the food she is allergic to touching her meal. 語法

她必须去那些有 protocols（规程）的餐厅，以阻止她过敏的食物接触到她的饭菜。

Protocols means a set of rules for a process 用詞

Protocols 意味着为某个流程制定的一套规则，

to make sure things are done properly.

以确保事情做得妥当。

Now, most people who have allergies don't have as many as Mia, 語法

当然，大多数有过敏症的人不像米娅有这么多，

but scientists believe more people are developing allergies.

但科学家认为越来越多的人正在患上过敏症。

And there is one place where the number of allergies is particularly high,

有一个地方的过敏人数特别多，

Australia.

澳大利亚。

In fact, Australia is called the allergy capital of the world. 習語

事实上，澳大利亚被称为世界过敏之都。

When we describe somewhere as the capital of the world in something, 語法

当我们把某个地方描述为某方面的 capital of the world（世界之都）时，

we mean that it's known for that thing.

我们的意思是它以那件事而闻名。

So,

所以，

the allergy capital of the world is the place in the world with the most allergies.

世界过敏之都是指世界上过敏最多的地方。

BBC journalist Frances Mao is from Australia

BBC 记者 Frances Mao 来自澳大利亚，

and explains some of the allergy data to BBC World Service podcast What in the World.

她在 BBC 世界频道的播客《What in the World》中解释了一些过敏数据。

You're from Australia,

你来自澳大利亚，

which has been called the allergy capital of the world.

这个被称为世界过敏之都的地方。

What is it about Australia in particular that is making people more allergic? 語法

澳大利亚到底有什么特别之处，让那里的人更容易过敏呢？

Australia's termed the allergy capital of the world because due to the research and the data that shows that almost one in 10 infants have marked a allergy. 用詞

澳大利亚被称为世界过敏之都是因为研究和数据显示，几乎每十个婴儿中就有一个有明显的过敏症状。

And and often that's a food allergy or a respiratory allergy. 用詞

这通常是食物过敏或呼吸道过敏。

And that does drop off once they're a bit older, 短語動詞

当他们稍微长大一点后，这个比例确实会下降，

age six or so,

在六岁左右，

it goes down to about you know 6% 短語搭配

它下降到大约，你知道的，6%，

and then as an adult,

然后成年后，

it goes down to like 3%.

它下降到比如 3%。

Frances talks about the high numbers of Australian infants, 表達脈絡

Frances 谈到了澳大利亚婴儿的高数字，

that's babies,

也就是小宝宝们，

who have allergies.

患有过敏症的比例。

But she says the numbers drop off as children get older.

但她说随着孩子长大，这些数字会 drop off（下降）。

If numbers or rates of something drop off,

如果某件事的数量或比例 drop off，

they get lower.

就是指它们降低了。

By age six or so,

到六岁左右，

Australian children are less likely to have allergies. 語法

澳大利亚儿童患过敏症的可能性变小了。

We can use or so in informal speech 短語搭配

我们可以在非正式讲话中使用 or so（左右），

to show that the number is an estimate.

来表示数字是个估算。

It's not exact.

不是确切的。

So,

那么，

Beth, is there anything we can do about all these allergies?

贝丝，对于这些过敏症，我们能做些什么吗？

Well,

嗯，

scientists are investigating giving babies vitamin D, 語法

科学家们正在研究给婴儿服用维生素D，

which can be shown to reduce allergies. 語法

这已被证明可以减少过敏。

Another technique is immunotherapy, 用詞

另一种技术是免疫疗法，

which involves scientists giving children tiny amounts of the thing they are allergic to and then building up their baby's tolerance. 講解

即科学家给孩子们服用少量他们过敏的物质，然后培养婴儿的耐受性。

Interesting.

有意思。

And I think it's time to find out the answer to my question.

我想现在是时候揭晓我问题的答案了。

I asked you, what is the most common allergy in the world?

我问你，世界上最常见的过敏是什么？

I said pollen.

我说是花粉。

Was I right?

我答对了吗？

You were right.

你答对了。

Well done.

真棒。

Okay,

好的，

let's recap the vocabulary we've learned, 表達脈絡

让我们回顾一下今天学到的词汇，

starting with call ahead of time,

从 call ahead of time 开始，

which means to phone somewhere,

它的意思是打电话给某个地方，

like a restaurant,

比如餐厅，

before your appointment or before you go there.

在你的预约时间之前或去那里之前。

If you accommodate someone,

如果你 accommodate 某人，

you give them what they need.

你就是满足他们的需求。

Protocols are strict rules for how something is done.

Protocols 是关于如何做事的一套严格规则。

If somewhere is the capital of the world for a particular thing,

如果某个地方是某个特定事物的 capital of the world，

it's known for that thing.

它就是以那件事而闻名。

For example,

例如，

London is sometimes called the theater capital of the world

伦敦有时被称为世界戏剧之都，

because we have lots of theaters.

因为我们有很多剧院。

If numbers drop off,

如果数字 drop off，

it means they get lower.

意味着它们降低了。

And we can add or so to a number in informal speech

我们可以在非正式讲话中在数字后加上 or so，

to show that the number is an estimate.

来表示数字是估算的。

It's not exact.

不是确切的。

Once again,

又一次，

our 6 minutes are up. 短語搭配

我们的六分钟到了。

But you can test your knowledge even more

但你可以进一步测试你的知识，

using the interactive quiz on our website.

使用我们网站上的互动测验。

Visit bbclearningenglish.com.

访问 bbclearningenglish.com。

Bye for now. 短語搭配

先说再见啦。

Bye.

再见。

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com 的《六分钟英语》。