大姨妈真的会让女性情绪化吗？（特邀 iiSuperwomanii）：英语精读讲义

This is Lilly, also known as Superwoman on YouTube. 短語搭配

这是 Lilly，在 YouTube 上也叫 Superwoman。

And as a member of the female sex,

作为女性，

she experiences her period on a monthly basis. 短語搭配

她每个月都会来月经。

You see,

你看，

the first time I got my period, 語法

我第一次来月经时，

I had no idea what was going on. 語法

完全不知道发生了什么。

I walked into the washroom,

我走进洗手间，

took down my underwear,

脱下内裤，

and I was like, 用詞

然后心想：

"What is this?"

“这是什么？”

Because I never got the talk. 文化背景

因为从来没人跟我讲过这回事。

So I was so concerned and like my mind was racing. 習語

所以我特别担心，脑子里各种念头飞转。

Did I fall off my bike earlier today

难道是我今天早些时候骑车摔下来了？

because I had no idea what was going on.

因为我完全不知道是怎么回事。

And I'm pretty sure most girls go through that denial phase 短語搭配

我敢肯定，大多数女孩都会经历那种否认阶段，

where it's like roadkill.

感觉就像看到路边被撞死的动物。

It's like you hate it

你很讨厌看到它，

but you can't look away. 短語動詞

却又忍不住盯着看。

So I was just like,

所以我当时只觉得：

"I'm dying.

“我要死了。

I am dying."

我要死了。”

What you may or may not realize 表達脈絡

你可能知道，也可能没有意识到，

is that every single time a woman has her period,

女性每次来月经，

it's because her body was preparing to get pregnant and have a child.

都是因为她的身体原本在为怀孕生孩子做准备。

You know,

要知道，

the act that perpetuates our entire species.

这可是让整个人类繁衍下去的行为。

Yes,

没错，

every single month

每个月，

the female body goes through an incredibly complex

女性的身体都会经历一种极其复杂

and fascinating transformation called the menstrual cycle. 文化背景

又奇妙的变化，叫作月经周期。

It all starts in the ovaries,

一切都从卵巢开始，

which each contain over 100,000 eggs.

每个卵巢里都有超过10万个卵子。

Once a month,

每个月，

one egg will release,

都会排出一个卵子，

which spends roughly three days making its way to the uterus. 短語搭配

它大约要花三天时间到达子宫。

And while it's making its way there,

在它前往子宫的同时，

the uterus begins to create a lining,

子宫开始形成内膜，

which is rich in nutrients 短語搭配

其中富含营养物质

and everything essential to begin life.

和孕育生命所需的一切。

Under the right circumstances, 短語搭配

在合适的情况下，

a sperm will fertilize the egg

精子会使卵子受精，

and begin pregnancy in the womb.

并在子宫内开启妊娠过程。

Before this, however, 表達脈絡

不过在这之前，

female ovaries increase production of the hormones estrogen and progesterone,

女性的卵巢会增加雌激素和孕酮的分泌，

and these hormones promote and maintain the special lining of the uterus.

这些激素会促进并维持子宫内这层特殊的内膜。

But the hormones also enter the bloodstream

但这些激素也会进入血液，

and travel throughout the body,

随着血液流遍全身，

including your brain.

包括大脑。

It's here that estrogen and progesterone

人们认为，正是在大脑中，雌激素和孕酮

are thought to interfere with other chemical messengers in the brain 語法

会干扰其他化学信使，

called neurotransmitters.

也就是神经递质。

And this can lead to the notorious premenstrual syndrome 講解

这可能引发臭名昭著的经前综合征，

or PMS in women.

也就是女性的 PMS。

More like period

倒不如说是“月经

my sucks.

让我糟透了”。

Science.

科学。

So there's a whole bunch of chemicals in my brain,

所以，我大脑里有一大堆化学物质，

and they're all out of whack, 習語

而且全都乱套了，

messing with my mind every single month.

每个月都来扰乱我的心智。

I mean,

我的意思是，

science is messing with my conscious.

科学正在折腾我的意识。

I'm irritable and anxious,

我变得易怒又焦虑，

and I haven't even started my period yet. 語法

可我的月经甚至还没来。

Which brings up an important point. 表達脈絡

这就引出了一个重点。

PMS is not the same thing as your period, 語法

PMS 和月经不是一回事，

which is perhaps one of the biggest myths out there.

这或许是流传最广的误解之一。

It actually happens 7 to 14 days

这种情况其实会提前7到14天出现，

before a girl even shows signs of bleeding. 短語搭配

那时女孩甚至还没有出血迹象。

This is because estrogen and progesterone levels peak

这是因为雌激素和孕酮水平会在

during the creation of the uterine lining.

子宫内膜形成期间达到峰值。

Roughly 50 to 80% of women have experienced

大约50%到80%的女性都经历过

some degree of physical or psychological PMS symptoms. 短語搭配

不同程度的 PMS 生理或心理症状。

But many aren't even aware that PMS

但很多人甚至不知道，PMS

can occur so much earlier than the period 語法

会比月经本身早这么多出现，

as contemporary culture perpetuates the myth 短語搭配

因为当代文化一直在强化一种误解：

that it's menstruation or the period itself 語法

认为是月经，也就是经期本身，

that causes these hormonal changes.

导致了这些激素变化。

PMS can manifest itself as psychological symptoms 用詞

PMS 可能表现为心理症状，

such as mood changes,

比如情绪变化：

I hate you so much

我恨死你了，

but you're kind of cute at the same time.

可同时又觉得你有点可爱。

But I want to kill you.

但我还是想杀了你。

anger, crying, and irritability.

还有愤怒、哭泣和易怒。

It's fine. 語氣意圖

没事。

It's fine.

没事。

It's fine.

没事。

It's fine.

没事。

It's fine.

没事。

It's fine.

没事。

It's fine.

没事。

It's fine.

没事。

It's fine.

没事。

Or as physical symptoms such as upset stomach,

也可能表现为生理症状，比如胃部不适、

difficulty sleeping, 語法

难以入睡，

and even nausea.

甚至恶心。

One woman's PMS is not like the other,

每位女性的 PMS 都不一样，

which is why health professionals have trouble 講解

所以医疗专业人员很难

finding a clear understanding of how it all works.

清楚弄明白这一切究竟如何运作。

Other physical changes take place as well. 短語動詞

身体还会发生其他变化。

The amygdala in the brain,

大脑中的杏仁核

which controls emotion,

负责控制情绪，

increases its activity.

它的活动会增强。

We also see lower levels of the feel-good chemical serotonin 用詞

我们还会看到，令人感觉愉悦的化学物质血清素

and the neurotransmitter GABA,

以及神经递质 GABA 的水平下降，

which has anti-anxiety effects,

后者具有抗焦虑作用，

meaning stress and anxiety run high. 習語

这意味着压力和焦虑都会飙升。

Oh, okay.

哦，好吧。

So you're wondering why I feel this way

所以你还在纳闷，我为什么会有这种感觉，

when all this stuff is happening in my body?

明明我的身体里正在发生这么多事？

Because I can become a hot mess 習語

因为我可能会变得一团糟，

and I cannot control it.

而且完全控制不了。

It's like I want to make out with you 短語動詞

我一边想跟你热吻，

but I also don't want you to touch me.

一边又不想让你碰我。

Because like you're good looking and stuff 用詞

因为你长得确实挺帅什么的，

but I also hate you

可我又很讨厌你，

and I want lots of chocolate.

还想吃一大堆巧克力。

And here I am thinking maybe I'm just having a bad day 表達脈絡

我却还以为，自己可能只是今天过得不顺，

or I'm being crazy 語法

或者是我疯了，

because it's not happening at the same time as my period.

因为这并不是在我来月经时发生的。

But no, that could have just been PMS. 語法

但其实不然，那可能只是 PMS。

But when menstruation or the period begins,

但当月经，也就是经期开始时，

these hormone levels drop sharply.

这些激素水平会急剧下降。

After no fertilization occurs,

如果没有发生受精，

estrogen and progesterone levels drop

雌激素和孕酮水平就会下降，

and the body realizes it just ain't happening. 用詞

身体也会意识到：这次没戏了。

As a result, 表達脈絡

因此，

it begins to literally shed the layer

身体真的会开始排出

it had created for a potential fetus. 語法

原本为潜在胎儿准备的那层内膜。

And this shedding of the membrane and mucus

脱落的内膜和黏液

has nowhere to go 語法

无处可去，

but out,

只能排出体外，

which of course has its pitfalls as well. 習語

这当然也会带来一些麻烦。

But this is when the really fun part starts

不过，真正“好玩”的部分现在才开始，

because although there's not the same amount of hormones

因为尽管我大脑里不再有同样多的激素

raging around in my brain,

横冲直撞，

now I get to push an unused membrane, 語氣意圖

我现在却得把没用上的内膜、

mucus, and blood out of my system.

黏液和血液排出体外。

It's honestly a lot of fun

说真的，这可“太好玩了”，

because it causes cramping and bloating

因为它会导致腹部绞痛和腹胀，

and the wonderful condition

还会带来一种绝妙的状态：

of wanting to poop

想拉屎，

but not being able to.

却拉不出来。

Of course, when it ends,

当然，等它结束后，

the cycle gets to start all over again. 習語

整个周期又可以从头再来。

A cycle which is essential

而这个周期对

for the perpetuation of our species.

我们人类的繁衍至关重要。

So if I'm having an off day, dude, 習語

所以，哥们儿，如果我哪天状态不对，

just know I'm doing it for humanity.

你只要知道，我这是为了全人类。

Because there's only a few consistent cycles in the universe.

因为宇宙中始终如一的循环只有那么几个。

The sun rises and sets, 表達脈絡

太阳东升西落，

tides come in and out,

潮水涨了又退，

and my menstruation.

还有我的月经。

So appreciate.

所以，要懂得感激。

That's right.

没错。

Women are awesome, okay?

女性超棒的，好吗？

We'll be here signing autographs all night.

我们会在这里签一整晚的名。

Seriously, without the persistent nature of the menstruation cycle, 語法

说真的，如果月经周期不能持续循环，

our very existence as a species

我们作为一个物种的存在本身

would be completely altered.

都会被彻底改变。

So while changes in mood

所以，尽管情绪变化

may be a byproduct of this incredible event, 短語搭配

可能是这一神奇过程的副作用，

we wager it's all worth it. 講解

但我们敢说，这一切都值得。

So thank you, women,

所以，谢谢你们，女性朋友们，

for being strong enough 語法

谢谢你们如此坚强，

to put up with PMS and menstruation. 短語動詞

能够忍受 PMS 和月经。

We owe you for this one.

这件事，我们欠你们一个人情。

Be sure to check out the amazing Lilly's YouTube channel iiSuperwomanii

一定要去看看超棒的 Lilly 在 YouTube 上的频道 iiSuperwomanii，

for more hilarious videos.

欣赏更多爆笑视频。

Seriously, she is one of the funniest people on YouTube.

说真的，她是 YouTube 上最搞笑的人之一。

We'll put a link in the description below.

我们会把链接放在下方的简介里。

And subscribe for more weekly science videos.

也别忘了订阅，观看每周更新的更多科学视频。

No, but for real though, 用詞

不过，说真的，

like you can get pretty crazy when you're on your period.

来月经时，你确实可能变得挺疯狂。

If you don't believe me,

如果你不信，

this is actually a self-portrait I did while I was on my period.

这其实是我来月经时画的一幅自画像。

Nice.

不错。