困在韩国 - 6分钟英语：英语精读讲义

Six Minute English

六分钟英语

from BBCLearningEnglish.com.

来自 BBCLearningEnglish.com。

Hello, this is Six Minute English

大家好，这里是六分钟英语

from BBC Learning English.

来自 BBC 英语教学。

I'm Sam.

我是 Sam。

And I'm Neil.

我是 Neil。

Sleep.

睡眠。

We all need it.

我们都需要它。

Some more than others. 語法

有些人比其他人需要得更多。

I can usually get by with around seven hours a night, 短語動詞

我通常每晚睡大约七个小时就够了，

but I do like to have a nap, 講解

但我确实喜欢小憩一下，

a short sleep in the afternoon

在下午睡个短觉

when I'm not working, of course.

当然是在我没工作的时候。

How about you, Neil?

你呢，Neil？

I'm always tired

我总是很累

and as soon as my head hits the pillow, 語法

我的头一沾枕头，

I'm out like a light, 習語

我就立刻睡着了，

meaning I go to sleep very quickly.

意思是说我入睡得非常快。

Well, Neil,

好吧，Neil，

you might not survive in South Korea then. 語氣意圖

那你在韩国可能生存不下去。

Apparently,

显然，

it's one of the most stressed and tired nations on Earth, 語法

它是世界上压力最大、最疲惫的国家之一，

a place where people work and study longer hours 語法

在那里，人们工作和学习的时间

and get less sleep than anywhere else.

比任何地方都长，睡眠却比任何地方都少。

We'll find out more later 短語動詞

我们稍后会了解更多

and teach some sleep-related vocabulary.

并教授一些与睡眠相关的词汇。

But before we do,

但在那之前，

you need to give me a question to keep me awake and alert. 語法

你需要问我一个问题来让我保持清醒和警觉。

Of course, I do.

那是当然。

And here it is.

问题在这儿。

In the 1960s,

在 20 世纪 60 年代，

American man Randy Gardner

美国人 Randy Gardner

set the world record for staying awake for the longest period. 講解

创下了最长时间不睡觉的世界纪录。

Do you know what that time was? 語法

你知道那个时间是多久吗？

Was it A,

是 A，

64 hours,

64 小时，

B, 164 hours,

B，164 小时，

or C, 264 hours?

还是 C，264 小时？

All sound impossible, 語法

听起来都不可能，

but I'll guess A,

但我猜是 A，

64 hours.

64 小时。

That's nearly three days.

那将近三天了。

Oof, well,

哎，好吧，

I'll give you the answer later in the program,

我稍后会在节目里给你答案，

assuming you don't doze off. 講解

前提是你没打瞌睡。

But let's talk more about sleep now.

但我们现在来多谈谈睡眠吧。

As I mentioned, 表達脈絡

正如我提到的，

we all need it to help our mind and body rest and relax.

我们都需要它来帮助我们的身心休息和放松。

And going without sleep, 短語動詞

而不睡觉，

or sleeplessness,

或者失眠，

is bad for our health.

对我们的健康是有害的。

Many things can stop us sleeping, 語法

许多事情都能让我们睡不着，

and some of them are pressure,

其中一些是压力、

anxiety,

焦虑，

and stress caused by your job. 語法

以及由你的工作引起的紧张。

And in South Korea,

在韩国，

research has shown it's increasingly difficult to switch off, 講解

研究表明人们越来越难以放下工作、

stop thinking about work,

停止思考工作，

and relax.

并放松下来。

South Koreans sleep fewer hours 語法

韩国人的睡眠时间

and have higher rates of depression and suicide than almost anywhere else.

比世界上几乎任何地方都少，而抑郁症和自杀率却更高。

Se-Woong Kook has been reporting on this

Se-Woong Kook 一直在对此进行报道，

for the BBC World Service documentary podcast.

为 BBC 世界频道纪录片播客节目提供内容。

He met one worker

他遇到了一位员工，

who explained why she never got time to relax. 短語搭配

她解释了为什么自己从来没有时间休息。

Separating work and rest time 語法

将工作和休息时间分开

has been a recurring issue for Ji-an 短語搭配

一直是 Ji-an 反复遇到的问题

In her last job,

在她的上一份工作中，

her office hours were long.

她的办公时间很长。

Like most Korean firms,

和大多数韩国公司一样，

her employer didn't think about any boundaries. 用詞

她的雇主完全没有界限感。

They encroached on almost all her time. 用詞

他们几乎侵占了她所有的时间。

They told me,

他们告诉我，

"You need to be contactable 24/7. 用詞

“你需要 24 小时随时能被联系到。

There will always be someone from work reaching out to me, 短語動詞

总会有工作上的人来找我，

like you need to get this done right now." 語法

比如你需要现在马上把这个做完。”

Uh, even just thinking about it, 短語搭配

呃，即使只是想想，

like I get really agitated. 語法

我都觉得特别焦虑。

So, that stressed out worker 用詞

所以，那位压力巨大的员工

got agitated just thinking about the situation.

一想到这种情况就感到焦虑（agitated）。

She got worried or upset.

她变得担忧或心烦意乱。

That's because office hours in South Korea are long 表達脈絡

那是因为在韩国，办公时间很长，

and some employers expect their workers 語法

而且一些雇主期望他们的员工

to be contactable all the time.

随时都能被联系上。

Yes, there are no boundaries,

是的，没有界限（boundaries），

so no limits or rules about

也就是对于雇主何时可以联系员工，

when employers can contact their employees.

没有限制或规则。

Therefore, as this employee said,

因此，正如这位员工所说，

work encroached.

工作侵占（encroached）了生活。

It gradually took over her leisure time. 短語動詞

它逐渐霸占了她的空闲时间。

Stress like this can lead to insomnia, 短語搭配

像这样的压力会导致失眠（insomnia），

a condition where you are unable to sleep. 語法

一种你无法入睡的状况。

The BBC Discovery podcast goes on to explain 短語動詞

BBC Discovery 播客继续解释说，

that offering a cure for this sleeplessness 語法

为这种失眠症提供治疗方法

has become big business. 習語

已经成为一门大生意。

There are sleep clinics where doctors assess people overnight 文化背景

那里有睡眠诊所，医生在夜间评估人们的睡眠状况，

and sleep cafes that offer places to nap 文化背景

还有睡眠咖啡馆，提供在工作日中间

in the middle of the working day.

可以打盹的地方。

One other issue in South Korea that's affecting sleep

影响韩国人睡眠的另一个问题是

is the bali bali culture, 文化背景

“bali bali”文化，

meaning quickly quickly,

意思是“快点快点”，

or hurry hurry.

或者“赶紧的”。

People are constantly in a rush. 短語搭配

人们总是处于匆忙之中。

Dr. Lee spoke to the World Service's Discovery podcast

Lee 医生在世界频道的 Discovery 播客中

about the effects of this

谈到了这种现象的影响，

and how even trying to take medication to help sleep 短語搭配

以及为什么即使尝试服用安眠药物

has its problems.

也有其自身的问题。

People take like 10 or 20 pills per one night.

人们一晚上要吃 10 或 20 粒药。

And because they cannot fall asleep even with the medication, 講解

因为即使吃了药他们也睡不着，

they drink alcohol on top of that 習語

所以他们还会在这基础上喝酒，

and they experience side effects of the medication. 短語搭配

接着他们就会经历药物的副作用。

People can sleepwalk 用詞

人们可能会梦游，

and go to the refrigerator,

走到冰箱前，

eat a lot of things unconsciously,

无意识地吃很多东西，

uncooked food,

哪怕是没煮熟的食物，

and they don't remember next day.

并且他们第二天什么都不记得。

Yeah, there were cases of car accidents

是的，首尔市中心

in the centre of Seoul,

发生过几起车祸，

which has been you know,

你知道的，肇事者

a sleepwalking patient.

是一个正在梦游的病人。

So, some people are taking lots of pills to help them sleep,

所以，一些人吃很多药来帮助睡眠，

but they're not working, 用詞

但没有效果，

so they're drinking alcohol as well.

于是他们还喝酒。

This leads to side-effects

这就导致了副作用（side-effects），

unpleasant and unexpected results from the medication.

也就是药物带来的令人不快的、意想不到的结果。

It seems one of these side-effects is sleepwalking,

似乎其中一种副作用就是梦游（sleepwalking），

moving around and doing things 語法

在还在睡梦中时

while still asleep.

四处走动并做事情。

Well, if sleeping pills aren't working, 語法

好吧，如果安眠药不管用，

there's always meditation or working less. 語氣意圖

总还可以试试冥想或减少工作量。

At least South Koreans are getting some sleep, 表達脈絡

至少韩国人还能睡上一点觉，

unlike Randy Gardner,

不像 Randy Gardner，

who I asked you about earlier.

就是我之前问你的那位。

Yes, he holds the record for staying awake the longest.

对，他保持着最长不睡觉的记录。

And I thought he stayed awake for 64 hours.

而我认为他连续醒着 64 个小时。

Was I right?

我答对了吗？

Oof, no, Neil,

哎，不对，Neil，

not long enough.

时间还不够长。

Randy Gardner stayed awake

Randy Gardner 连续醒了

for an incredible 264.4 hours.

惊人的 264.4 个小时。

That's 11 days and 25 minutes

那就是 11 天又 25 分钟，

in January 1964.

在 1964 年 1 月。

That's one record I really don't want to beat. 短語搭配

这真是我绝对不想打破的纪录。

Well, before you nod off, Neil, 短語動詞

好了，在你打瞌睡（nod off）之前，Neil，

let's recap some of the vocabulary we've been discussing, 表達脈絡

我们来回顾一下讨论过的一些词汇，

including go out like a light,

包括 go out like a light，

which means you go to sleep very quickly.

意思是你入睡得非常快。

When you switch off,

当你 switch off 时，

you stop concentrating on one thing

你停止专注在一件事上

and start thinking about something else.

并开始想点别的事情。

A lack of sleep or rest 短語搭配

缺乏睡眠或休息

can make you agitated. 語法

会让你感到 agitated。

You get worried or upset.

你变得担忧或心烦意乱。

Encroach means gradually take over.

Encroach 的意思是逐渐侵占。

When you take medication

当你服用药物

and it gives you unpleasant and unexpected results,

并产生了令人不快的和意想不到的结果时，

we call these side effects. 表達脈絡

我们称之为 side effects（副作用）。

And sleepwalking describes moving around and doing things

而 sleepwalking 描述的是

while still asleep.

在还在睡梦中时四处走动并做事情。

That's our six minutes up.

我们的六分钟到了。

Goodbye and sweet dreams. 短語搭配

再见，祝你好梦。

Goodbye.

再见。

Six Minute English

六分钟英语

from the BBC.

来自 BBC。