导致痛经的3个原因 - Chen X. Chen：英语精读讲义

在句子 The committee used questionable methods to reach its decision. 中，questionable 是什么意思？

1. 这些方法可能不可靠或不妥。
2. 这些方法很新，但肯定正确。
3. 这些方法让提问变得容易。

用正确的介词补全日常表达：Lena is ____ her period today.

一份报告说：The trial had no proper controls。这指出了什么问题？

1. 这项研究没有获得正式许可。
2. 研究人员无法操作设备。
3. 这项研究缺少合适的比较或对照条件。

哪一个句子明确表示这项调查是下一步行动的唯一依据？

1. We are relying on the survey to guide the next step.
2. We are relying solely on the survey to guide the next step.
3. We are comparing the survey with the interview notes.

在句子 "The samples collected in the morning were tested first." 中，"collected in the morning" 起什么作用？

1. 说明测试发生的时间
2. 是句子的主要谓语
3. 修饰 samples，说明是哪些样本

补全这组搭配：The policy ____ reduced costs ____ improved safety.

在句子“The rumor played into public fears”中，这则谣言起了什么作用？

1. 它解释了这些恐惧为什么是错误的。
2. 它让这些恐惧消失了。
3. 它强化了原本就存在的恐惧。

在下面的生物学描述中，表示该动作最准确的动词是哪一个：The kidneys help remove waste from the body?

1. release
2. excrete
3. produce

在 “While the plan was expensive, it solved the problem.” 中，while 表达什么关系？

1. 原因：因为计划昂贵，所以它解决了问题。
2. 时间：计划昂贵的那段时间里，它解决了问题。
3. 让步：计划虽然昂贵，但仍解决了问题。

“Researchers debunked the myth” 最准确的意思是什么？

1. 研究人员用证据说明这个迷思是错误的。
2. 研究人员创造了一个新迷思供他人检验。
3. 研究人员决定推迟讨论这个迷思。

判断下面的含义：在 The so-called expert gave dangerous advice. 中，so-called 通常表示作者完全认可这个人的专家身份。

1. 正确
2. 错误

哪句话正确使用了 prompted an investigation into，表达某个事件促成了一项调查？

1. The unusual result investigated the equipment to prompt.
2. The unusual result prompted an investigation into the equipment.
3. The unusual result prompted into the equipment an investigation.

哪项描述最符合 eventually leading to a discovery that helped explain ... 的信息推进方式？

1. 前面的过程产生了后来的发现，关系从句再说明这项发现帮助完成了什么。
2. 发现先发生，然后导致了更早的过程。
3. 三个互不相关的事实被并列出来，没有任何联系。

用 anywhere from A to B 结构补全句子：The repair could take ____ two to five days.

请用本课中表示“经历并应对某种症状”的两个词完成句子：Many patients ____ fatigue for weeks after treatment.

判断：在专门讨论月经的健康信息中，people who menstruate 是按月经这一相关经历来指称人群，而不是假设某个性别标签适用于所有人。

1. 正确
2. 错误

用表示“被称为”的短语补全定义结构：A fear of enclosed spaces is a condition ____ claustrophobia.

补全 from A to B to C 范围结构：The course assignments vary ____ short quizzes ____ research reports ____ final presentations.

在 Her performance rivaled that of the champion. 中，rivaled 是什么意思？

1. 她的表现可与冠军的表现相媲美。
2. 这使她成为冠军的竞争对手。
3. 她拒绝让自己的表现与冠军相比。

用目标结构 extend into 中缺少的介词补全句子：The numbness can extend ____ the fingers.

用目标表达补全句子：The fever may ____ a rash.

用 so ... that 和 icy 补全句子：The road was ____ the buses stopped running.

哪句话用 disrupt 表示某件事使正常日常安排无法照常继续？

1. The construction noise disrupted the residents' daily routines.
2. The guide described the residents' daily routines.
3. The neighbors discussed the residents' daily routines.

用表示“将一组事物分成若干类”的介词补全句子：Biologists classify living things ____ broad categories.

补全固定表达 can be traced back to：The sudden drop in sales can be traced ____ a change in the website.

根据句中的解释，endometriosis 是什么？

1. 一种子宫没有内膜的疾病
2. 一种外层皮肤的短期感染
3. 一种类似子宫内膜的组织生长在子宫外的疾病

在这句话中，由逗号隔开的 which are non-cancerous growths 起什么作用？

1. 只选出其中非癌性的肌瘤。
2. 说明肌瘤不可能造成任何健康问题。
3. 为读者补充 uterine fibroids 的定义。

请用本课的谨慎表达完成句子：Researchers agree that some details are known, but the exact mechanism is still ____.

补全 lead + 介词结构：Too much stress can lead ____ sleep problems.

哪句话表示两个指标有时可能一致，但并非每次都一致？

1. The app's sleep score always matches how rested I feel.
2. The app's sleep score does not always match how rested I feel.
3. The app's sleep score never matches how rested I feel.

用表示第二个房间也同样吵的倒装结构补全句子：The first room was noisy, and ____ the second room.

下面哪句话用 on the other hand 清楚地提出了一个对比点？

1. The apartment is small. On the other hand, it has a small kitchen.
2. The apartment is small. On the other hand, small means not large.
3. The apartment is small. On the other hand, it is close to the station.

哪句话正确使用 refers to 给术语下定义，并用关系从句进一步限定定义范围？

1. Heat exhaustion is refers to an illness that can occur after too much heat exposure.
2. Heat exhaustion refers to an illness that can occur after too much heat exposure.
3. Heat exhaustion refers an illness that can occur after too much heat exposure.

哪句话正确使用了 despite how 结构？

1. Despite the hike was demanding, everyone reached the cabin.
2. Despite how demanding the hike was, everyone reached the cabin.
3. Despite of how demanding the hike was, everyone reached the cabin.

用本课中表示“确立了通往某个方向”的短语补全句子：The pilot study ____ more reliable testing methods.

使用强调性 did 和动词 find 完成对比：We did not find the missing key, but we ____ your wallet.

哪句话自然地用 called + 名词引入技术名称？

1. The report describes called particles microplastics.
2. The report describes particles calling microplastics.
3. The report describes particles called microplastics.

用表示比较的短语完成句子：The water sample had ____ lead than the control sample.

补全 One important role of A is to B 结构：One important role of insulation ____ keep buildings warm.

补全 stimulate + 宾语 + to + 动词 结构：The hormone stimulates the cells ____ grow.

在这句话中，shedding the uterine lining 描述的是什么？

1. 子宫内膜自然脱落并排出
2. 建造一个小棚子
3. 有意缝合子宫内膜

使用本课中的非人称谨慎结构补全第二句话：The early results are encouraging. ____ the new material can reduce heat loss.

补全这个以 an 开头、表示“超过可接受数量”的三词正式短语：The report warns that ____ nitrogen can harm the lake.

哪句话在 cause + 宾语 + to 不定式结构中正确使用了医学动词 constrict？

1. Cold can cause blood vessels constrict.
2. Cold can cause blood vessels to constriction.
3. Cold can cause blood vessels to constrict.

用 reduce 的 -ing 形式表示结果：The blockage narrowed the pipe, ____ the flow of water.

在生物医学英语中，哪一个短语最自然地表示化学物质使痛觉感受器开始响应？

1. chemicals that activate pain receptors
2. chemicals that launch pain receptors
3. chemicals that operate pain receptors

用 by 和 detect 的正确形式补全句子，以说明运作机制：The sensor works ____ changes in heat.

在药店语境中，over-the-counter pain medication 是什么意思？

1. 任何人以任何剂量服用都安全的止痛药
2. 始终需要处方才能购买的止痛药
3. 通常无需处方即可购买的止痛药

选择自然使用目标结构 provide relief for 的句子。

1. The medicine may provide relief people with back pain.
2. The medicine may provide relief for people with back pain.
3. The medicine may provide relieve for people with back pain.

在 “The treatment can thin the lining” 中，thin 的词性和含义是什么？

1. 表示“薄的”的形容词
2. 表示“使内膜变薄”的动词
3. 表示“薄层”的名词

在这个短语中，hormone-based contraceptives 指什么？

1. 不含激素的避孕方法
2. 检测激素水平的测试
3. 通过激素来避孕的方法或产品

请用表示“由此、进而”的短语完成因果链：Better lighting improves visibility and ____ reduces accidents.

哪句话最清楚地表示一项研究既为后续工作奠定了基础，又影响了人们理解某个主题所用的框架？

1. The study was recent and summarized what we understand about memory.
2. The study was controversial but did not change how we understand memory.
3. The study was foundational and shaped the way we understand memory.

请用表示“只是完整解释的一部分”的目标表达完成句子：Price matters, but it is ____; reliability matters too.

用由 contribute 构成的双词搭配补全句子：Stress may ____ sleep problems.

“The condition is not fully understood”最准确的含义是什么？

1. 人们已经了解一些方面，但仍存在重要的知识空白。
2. 人们对这种情况完全一无所知。
3. 每个方面都已经得到了完整解释。

existing treatments don't always work for everyone 表达了什么？

1. 现有治疗保证对每个人都有效。
2. 现有治疗对每个人都无效。
3. 现有治疗可能对一些人有帮助，但不能保证对每个人都有效。

哪句话正确地用 On top of that 添加第二个问题？

1. The room was small. On top of that, it had no windows.
2. The room was small. In contrast, it had no windows.
3. The room was small. On top of the room, it had no windows.

在这句话中，or even taboo 在 awkward 之后增加了什么含义？

1. 它表示在任何地方提到这个话题都违法。
2. 它表示某些群体可能认为在社会上不宜谈论这个话题。
3. 它表示说话者想不起合适的词。

用表示“不情愿地忍受”的三个词表达补全句子：The tenants shouldn't have to ____ a broken heater all winter.

选择使用 far from + 形容词来强烈警告这条捷径并不安全的句子。

1. The shortcut is far from safe.
2. The shortcut is safe enough.
3. The shortcut is not completely safe.

完成固定搭配：Repeated ____ loud noise can damage your hearing.

哪一句正确使用了表示结果的 -ing 分句和 vulnerable to + -ing 结构？

1. Heavy stress can disrupt sleep, leaving a person vulnerable to developing health problems.
2. Heavy stress can disrupt sleep, leaving a person vulnerability to develop health problems.
3. Heavy stress can disrupt sleep, leave a person vulnerable to developing health problems.

前期研究得出了相互矛盾的结果。哪一句最适合把这个理由转化为明确的下一步需求？

1. For example, the results came from three different laboratories.
2. Meanwhile, one study reached a reliable conclusion.
3. That's why more research is needed to reach a reliable conclusion.

哪句话中的 untangle 表示厘清多个相互关联的成因？

1. The investigators are trying to untangle a rope with several tight knots.
2. The investigators are trying to identify the driver of a parked car.
3. The investigators are trying to untangle the complex drivers of the housing shortage.

用表示把承认问题作为第一步的结构完成句子：Real change can ____ that the problem exists.