如果你只喝能量饮料会怎样？：英语精读讲义

Whether it's to fuel your late night study session 習語

不管你是想为深夜学习补充能量

or trying to stay alert on the job, 短語搭配

还是想在工作时保持清醒，

energy drinks are very popular

能量饮料都非常受欢迎，

with 76% of young adults consuming them. 語法

76%的年轻人都会饮用这类饮料。

But what would happen if you only drank energy drinks? 語法

但如果你只喝能量饮料，会发生什么？

One sip and the feel-good effect is almost immediate. 講解

只喝一口，愉悦感几乎立刻就会出现。

When the sugar molecules hit your taste buds, 用詞

当糖分子接触到你的味蕾时，

it triggers your brain to release dopamine, 語法

就会促使大脑释放多巴胺，

the hormone responsible for feelings of happiness and well-being. 短語搭配

这种激素会带来快乐和幸福感。

This makes sense considering the sugar content of one can 表達脈絡

这也不奇怪，因为一罐能量饮料的含糖量

ranges from 2 teaspoons to a whopping 14 teaspoons per serving, 講解

每份从2茶匙到惊人的14茶匙不等，

depending on the brand. 短語搭配

具体要看品牌。

Within 10 minutes,

在10分钟内，

both your heart rate and blood pressure increase 語法

你的心率和血压都会升高，

in response to adrenaline release 短語搭配

因为身体释放了肾上腺素，

caused by the introduction of caffeine into your body. 語法

而这种释放正是咖啡因进入体内引起的。

How much caffeine?

到底有多少咖啡因？

As high as 242 mg per serving. 短語搭配

每份最高可达242毫克。

To compare,

作为对比，

a serving of brewed coffee contains 95 to 165 mg of caffeine,

一份现煮咖啡含有95至165毫克咖啡因，

brewed black tea contains 25 to 38 mg,

现泡红茶含有25至38毫克，

and a bottle of Coke contains 34 mg of caffeine.

一瓶可口可乐则含有34毫克咖啡因。

But Unlike soda, coffee, and tea, 語法

但与汽水、咖啡和茶不同，

energy drinks add in guarana extract. 短語動詞

能量饮料还会添加瓜拉纳提取物。

The guarana plant, which is native to South America, 短語搭配

瓜拉纳是一种原产于南美洲的植物，

produces seeds which are about the same size as a coffee bean 語法

结出的种子和咖啡豆大小相仿，

but yield twice the caffeine content. 語法

但咖啡因含量却是咖啡豆的两倍。

Spread out over a day, 語法

如果分散在一天内摄入，

400 mg of caffeine appears to be safe. 語氣意圖

400毫克咖啡因似乎是安全的。

But having more than 200 mg in a single sitting 短語搭配

但如果一次摄入超过200毫克，

can lead to caffeine intoxication. 短語搭配

就可能导致咖啡因中毒。

In 2011,

2011年，

it is estimated that nearly 20,000 visits to the emergency room 語法

据估计，有近2万人次前往急诊室，

in the United States were directly related 短語搭配

这些美国急诊案例都直接与

to the effects of energy drink consumption.

饮用能量饮料造成的影响有关。

Most of these visits involve those between the ages of 18 to 25,

这些就诊者大多在18至25岁之间，

and the second largest age group being 26 to 39 years old.

第二大年龄群体则是26至39岁人群。

So, if you started subbing your eight glasses of water

所以，如果你开始把每天喝的八杯水

for equivalent amounts of energy drinks,

换成等量的能量饮料，

the constant increases in heart rate and blood pressure

心率和血压持续升高

might lead to an increased risk of developing 短語搭配

可能会增加你患上

a bunch of cardiovascular conditions, 用詞

多种心血管疾病的风险，

including hypertension or high blood pressure. 用詞

包括高血压，也就是血压过高。

An observational study reviewed 7 years of data

一项观察性研究回顾了7年的数据，

from calls to the Australian Poison Information Center.

这些数据来自澳大利亚毒物信息中心接到的电话。

Of the 297 calls analyzed, 表達脈絡

在分析的297通电话中，

the most common symptoms of caffeine toxicity

咖啡因中毒最常见的症状

included palpitations, agitation, tremor,

包括心悸、躁动、震颤，

and gastrointestinal upset. 用詞

以及胃肠不适。

21 cases had signs of serious cardiac

其中21例出现了严重的心脏

or neurological toxicity,

或神经系统毒性反应迹象，

including hallucinations, seizures, arrhythmias,

包括幻觉、癫痫发作、心律失常，

or cardiac ischemia.

或心肌缺血。

And at least 128 subjects required hospitalization. 用詞

至少有128人需要住院治疗。

A cup of black coffee has fewer than 5 calories, 語法

一杯黑咖啡的热量不到5卡路里，

but the high sugar content of energy drinks

但能量饮料的含糖量很高，

means a calorie count of about 850 calories

这就意味着热量会达到约850卡路里，

in 8 cups of Red Bull.

按8杯红牛的量来算。

This increases your risk for obesity

这会增加你肥胖的风险，

and developing type 2 diabetes.

也会增加患2型糖尿病的风险。

But some of the risks are unpredictable,

但有些风险是无法预料的，

such as a 26-year-old man who drank

比如有一名26岁的男子，

at least two cans of energy drinks daily for a decade

连续十年每天至少喝两罐能量饮料，

with no prior significant health issues, 用詞

此前他没有任何严重的健康问题，

he had a seizure and fell into a 3-day coma. 短語搭配

却突然癫痫发作，并昏迷了3天。

Doctors ultimately attributed this 短語搭配

医生最终将这一情况归因于

to chronic sleep deprivation and overconsumption of caffeine. 用詞

长期睡眠不足和咖啡因摄入过量。

Overall, energy drinks are relatively safe 語氣意圖

总体而言，能量饮料相对安全，

for infrequent consumption.

前提是只偶尔饮用。

But you may not want to drink them on a regular basis. 短語搭配

但你最好不要经常喝。

Hey, we want to send a huge shout out 習語

嘿，我们要特别向一个人致意，

and thank you to Sara from Domestic Geek

并感谢来自Domestic Geek的Sara，

for narrating this episode while we were away.

在我们不在时为本集担任旁白。

We're going to put a link over to her channel,

我们会附上她频道的链接，

which is awesome.

她的频道真的很棒。

You should check it out over there. 短語動詞

你们一定要去看看。

If you don't already know, 表達脈絡

如果你还不知道，

we started our podcast called Sidenote.

我们推出了一档名为Sidenote的播客。

Make sure you subscribe to it 短語搭配

一定要订阅它，

wherever you get your podcasts. 語法

不管你平时在哪个平台收听播客。

We tell stories, we debate,

我们讲故事，也展开辩论，

and then we splice in all the interesting information 短語動詞

然后在其中穿插各种有趣的信息

and science throughout.

和科学知识。

We've almost broken up many times 短語動詞

我们很多次都差点闹掰，

because we choose subjects that we disagree on. 短語搭配

因为我们总选彼此意见不一的话题。

We disagree on a lot, though. 語氣意圖

不过，我们有分歧的事确实很多。

That's true.

这倒是真的。

To the core, we are very different people. 習語

我们骨子里就是截然不同的人。

But it's fun.

不过，这也挺好玩的。

It is fun.

确实挺好玩的。

And if you want to find out about when we almost broke up,

如果你想知道我们什么时候差点闹掰，

listen to the podcast Sidenote.

就去听Sidenote播客吧。

Subscribe to our YouTube channel.

订阅我们的YouTube频道。

And the podcast.

还有播客。

Oh, yeah.

哦，对。

Right.

没错。

Subscribe to two things.

两个都要订阅。

Oh, lots of things.

哦，要订阅的东西可真多。

Um, and we will see you next Thursday

嗯，那我们下周四再见，

for a new video.

到时会有新视频。

See you.

再见。

Peace.

拜拜。