习惯使用“used to”——英语微课堂：英语精读讲义

Today's mini English lesson is about used to.

今天的迷你英语课是关于 used to 的。

What's the difference between these sentences? 表達脈絡

这两个句子有什么区别？

I used to drive on the left. 語法

I used to drive on the left.（我以前常在左侧驾驶。）

I'm used to driving on the left. 語法

I'm used to driving on the left.（我习惯了在左侧驾驶。）

They sound almost the same, 表達脈絡

它们听起来几乎一样，

but in fact there's a very important difference.

但实际上有一个非常重要的区别。

One of them is talking about a past habit that's finished now.

其中一个谈论的是现在已经结束的过去习惯。

And one of them is talking about something that is familiar or normal for you.

另一个则谈论对你来说变得熟悉或平常的事情。

But which one is which? 短語搭配

但哪个是哪个呢？

When you have used to followed by a verb in the infinitive,

当 used to 后面跟着一个动词不定式时，

you're talking about a past habit or state.

你在谈论的是过去的习惯或状态。

I used to drive on the left

我以前常在左侧驾驶，

when I lived in England.

当我住在英国的时候。

Now I don't live in England,

现在我不去英国住了，

so it's finished.

所以这已经结束了。

I don't drive on the left.

我现在不在左侧驾驶。

This is a past habit.

这是一个过去的习惯。

We can also use this for past states.

我们也可以将它用于过去的状态。

I used to live in England. 語法

我过去住在英国。

It's finished now.

现在已经结束了。

In the other sentence,

在另一个句子里，

I'm used to driving on the left,

I'm used to driving on the left,（我习惯了在左侧驾驶，）

we're talking about something that becomes familiar or normal for you.

我们谈论的是对你来说变得熟悉或平常的事情。

We can see the difference because we don't just have used to.

我们能看出区别，因为我们不仅有 used to。

Before it,

在它之前，

we have a verb.

我们有一个动词。

In this case,

在这个例子中，

it's to be.

它是 to be（be 动词）。

I am used to.

I am used to.

And after used to, 語法

在 used to 之后，

we have a verb in the gerund or the -ing form.

我们有一个动名词或 -ing 形式的动词。

This means when you first arrived in England,

这意味着当你刚到英国时，

it was very strange to drive on the left,

在左侧驾驶感觉非常奇怪，

but now it's completely normal.

但现在完全正常了。

I'm used to driving on the left.

我习惯了在左侧驾驶。

We can use the verb -ing

我们可以使用动词 -ing 形式，

or we can replace it with a noun.

或者我们可以用名词替换它。

I'm used to the road system in England. 語法

我习惯了英国的道路系统。

When we use this structure to talk about developing a new habit,

当我们用这个结构来谈论养成新习惯时，

you can use the verb to get.

你可以使用动词 to get。

And this talks about the moments that it happens,

这是在谈论事情发生的那一刻，

the moment that you develop the habit

也就是你养成习惯的那一刻，

and that this becomes normal for you.

以及这对你来说变得正常的那一刻。

When I moved to England,

当我搬到英国时，

at first it was difficult, 表達脈絡

起初很困难，

but after a few weeks,

但几周后，

I got used to driving on the left. 語法

我习惯了（got used to）在左侧驾驶。

It became normal.

这变得平常了。

I got used to it. 語法

我习惯了。（I got used to it.）

And now I am used to it.

现在我已经习惯了。（And now I am used to it.）

When we use used to to talk about becoming familiar with something

当我们使用 used to 来谈论对某事变得熟悉

or something becoming normal,

或者某事变得平常时，

you could use it in any tense, 語法

你可以在任何时态中使用它，

the past, the present, or the future.

过去时、现在时或将来时。

If your friend has a difficult situation at work,

如果你的朋友在工作中遇到困难，

you could say,

你可以说，

"I'm sure you will get used to it." 語氣意圖

“我确信你会习惯的。”

Talking in the past,

谈论过去时，

you could say,

你可以说，

"When I first moved to Manchester,

“当我刚搬到曼彻斯特时，

it was difficult to take an umbrella all the time, 短語搭配

总是带着伞很麻烦，

but I soon got used to the weather in the past."

但我很快就习惯了那时的天气。”

So here we have the same structure,

所以在这里我们有相同的结构，

used to,

used to,

in two very different situations.

用于两种非常不同的情况。

Used to plus infinitive talks about a finished state or habit.

used to 加不定式，谈论已经结束的状态或习惯。

Be or get used to plus verb -ing

be 或 get used to 加动词 -ing，

talks about something that becomes familiar or normal.

谈论变得熟悉或平常的事情。

So now that you know the rule, 短語搭配

所以既然你懂了这个规则，

you need to go out there and get used to using used to 語法

你需要去实践，去习惯使用 used to

in these two very different contexts.

在这两个非常不同的语境中。

Bye.

再见。