光秒、光年、光世纪：如何测量极端距离 - 丁源森：英语精读讲义

每空填一个词，补全 so ... that 结果句型：It was ____ cold ____ the lake froze.

哪句话正确使用了 by + how long 从句来说明比较依据？

1. We compare the batteries by how long do they last.
2. We compare the batteries by how long last they.
3. We compare the batteries by how long they last.

哪句话正确使用“名词 + we call + 名称”来给刚介绍的过程命名？

1. The liquid becomes a gas, a process we call as evaporation.
2. The liquid becomes a gas, a process we call it evaporation.
3. The liquid becomes a gas, a process we call evaporation.

用本课中表示“帮助听众形成直观画面”的固定开头补全句子：____ how cold it was, I saw a cup of water freeze in seconds.

请用 take + 人 + 时间 + to reach 的过去式结构补全句子。人物用 us，时间用 three hours：The cabin, which ____, had no electricity.

在句子 The probe is two light-seconds away 中，two light-seconds 描述的是什么？

1. 探测器的行程时间
2. 光在两秒内传播的距离
3. 两秒钟这段时间

哪句话中的 Meanwhile 表示转向另一个比较点，而不是表示动作同时发生？

1. Mia watered the plants. Meanwhile, Ben swept the floor.
2. Desert days are very hot. Meanwhile, desert nights can be surprisingly cold.
3. I waited at the station. Meanwhile, the train was approaching the city.

哪句话中的 beyond 与 beyond our own sun 一样，表示相对于空间参照的位置？

1. The temperature rose beyond 30 degrees.
2. This puzzle is beyond me.
3. The hiking trail continues beyond the bridge.

用表示大致数量级的短语完成估算：The new bridge will cost ____ five million dollars.

用表示“大得令人震撼”的准确两词短语完成描述：From the airplane, the desert looked ____.

解说者刚说一个湖很深，现在想转而追问证据。哪句话能自然完成这种转场？

1. The lake is very deep, and the water looks blue.
2. But wait, how do we know the lake is that deep?
3. Please wait by the lake until noon.

用 After all 引出支持前文的理由：We should take an umbrella. ____, rain is expected this afternoon.

在句子 The camera gives us a two-dimensional view of the room 中，view 是什么意思？

1. 个人观点
2. 看到的视觉画面或视野
3. 前往某地游览

哪句话使用 if 从句设定观察条件，并用 can't 说明由此产生的限制？

1. You use only one sensor because you can tell where the signal comes from.
2. If you can't tell where the signal comes from, one sensor gives the exact location.
3. If you use only one sensor, you can't tell where the signal comes from.

用 figure out 补全句子，并把代词放在自然的位置：I cannot explain the error yet, but I will ____ it ____.

用 close by 补全句子：We can walk to the pharmacy because it is ____.

用本课表示命名的词补全句子：Scientists use an instrument ____ a seismograph to record ground motion.

用本课的缩写补全这个友好的集体邀请：____ compare the two results.

补全动作指令，填入本课表示“向外伸出”的短语动词：Please ____ your tongue for the doctor.

用本课表示“看起来将会……”的句型补全句子：When you spin the disk, ____ the colors are moving toward the center.

用 remain in place 的现在完成时形式补全句子：The safety barriers have ____ since Monday.

哪句话正确表示“前面提到的原理也适用于可充电电池”？

1. The same concept applies to rechargeable batteries.
2. The same concept applies for rechargeable batteries.
3. The same concept applies rechargeable batteries.

哪句话能自然地强调这座山比那座小山远得多？

1. The mountain is much, much far away than the hill.
2. The mountain is very, very farther away than the hill.
3. The mountain is much, much farther away than the hill.

哪句话表示即使使用更大的电池，玩具仍然不会工作？

1. Even though you used a bigger battery, the toy didn't work.
2. If you use a bigger battery, the toy will work.
3. Even if you used a bigger battery, the toy wouldn't work.

哪个短语能自然地表示传感器的位置发生了轻微变化？

1. a work shift for the sensor
2. a slight shift in the sensor's position
3. a slight position in the sensor's shift

哪个句子正确使用 Instead 来引出替代计划？

1. The trail is flooded. Instead, we'll take the bridge.
2. The trail is flooded. For example, we'll take the bridge.
3. The trail is flooded. Instead of, we'll take the bridge.

在科学报告中，"the star's apparent location changed" 表示什么？

1. 在观察者看来，恒星似乎位于不同的位置。
2. 恒星的位置变得容易注意到了。
3. 恒星肯定移动到了另一个真实位置。

高亮短语放在 "over 6 months" 后面，起什么作用？

1. 它解释前面的时间参照。
2. 它表示一整年只有六个月。
3. 它引入后来发生的另一件事。

哪句话用熟悉的情境来类比一个陌生概念？

1. Cloud storage can hold many files.
2. The locker is beside the office.
3. Cloud storage is like keeping your files in a locker you can open from anywhere.

用表示“以城市灯光为视觉背景”的四词短语完成句子：The dancer's silhouette moved ____ the city lights.

哪句话表示一个包最多可以重十千克，但不能超过这个重量？

1. The bag may weigh no less than ten kilograms.
2. The bag may weigh no more than ten kilograms.
3. The bag may weigh more than ten kilograms.

哪句话表示墨迹非常浅，导致代码无法辨认？

1. The ink was pale, but the code was easy to read.
2. The ink was so pale that the code was too faint to read.
3. The code was clear enough to read.

用高亮短语补全句子：The first two tests are finished. ____, we can compare the results.

用高亮表达补全句子：Because the measuring device is broken, we ____ our observations.

在天文学中，standard candle 指什么？

1. 按统一尺寸制作的真正蜡烛
2. 观测时使用的望远镜灯
3. 本征光度已知或可预测的天文光源

在恒星自身不发生变化的情况下，从两倍远的位置观测它。哪项说法正确？

1. 恒星的 intrinsic brightness（本征亮度）只因距离增加而降低。
2. 恒星的 apparent brightness（视亮度）可能降低，而 intrinsic brightness（本征亮度）保持不变。
3. intrinsic brightness（本征亮度）只表示从地球看恒星有多亮。

哪一个续句正确使用 For example，从一般性陈述转到一个具体的支撑例子？

1. Many animals adapt to cold weather. For example, my pencil is blue.
2. Many animals adapt to cold weather. For example, polar bears have thick fur.
3. Many animals adapt to cold weather. However, polar bears have thick fur.

请用 walk away from 的正确形式补全句子：Yesterday, after saying goodbye, Maya ____ the station.

在这个语境中，the received light will decrease by the distance squared 是什么意思？

1. 接收到的光按照平方反比关系变弱。
2. 接收到的光减少一个等于距离平方的固定数值。
3. 接收到的光移动到距离平方旁边的某个地点。

用 by comparing 补全表示方法的短语：____ the two maps, we found the shortest route.

用 turn out to be 的一般现在时完成句子：After closer study, the tiny dot ____ a distant planet.

在这句话中，a Cepheid variable 指什么？

1. 一颗位置变化毫无规律的行星
2. 一种测量星光的仪器
3. 一种亮度会有规律变化的恒星

在这句话中，internally unstable 说明了这些恒星的什么情况？

1. 它们自身的物理状态无法保持稳定。
2. 它们正经历类似人类的情绪。
3. 只有它们周围的条件在发生变化。

气球这个类比在说明中起什么作用？

1. 说明每颗恒星里面都有一个真实的气球。
2. 把气球归类为一种恒星。
3. 帮助读者想象恒星反复膨胀和收缩。

哪一句正确使用了 because 加 cause + 宾语 + to + 动词原形来解释机制？

1. Because of heat causes metal to expand, the lid loosens.
2. Because heat causes metal to expand, the lid loosens.
3. Because heat causes metal expand, the lid loosens.

使用 measure 构成 by + -ing 短语，完成句子：We checked the table's length ____ it with a tape measure.

请按照给定顺序使用这些词，只把 fall 改成正确形式：with / the rain / fall / steadily。The match continued, ____.

在这句话中，still not the end of the story 是什么意思？

1. 还有内容需要说明或处理。
2. 事情已经完全解决。
3. 说话者想不起虚构故事的结局。

这句话是什么意思？The device can detect movement up to about 300 meters away.

1. 它估算的最大探测距离是 300 米。
2. 它能探测的最小距离是 300 米。
3. 它只能探测到恰好位于 300 米处的动静。

用表示“在那个时间之后”的两个词关系连接语补全句子：The library is open until nine, ____ the doors are locked.

在 Type 1a supernova 这个短语中，Type 1a 起什么作用？

1. 它指出了正在讨论的特定类别。
2. 它指所有种类的超新星。
3. 它表示爆炸只发生一次。

请用 one of + 复数名词 ways + that 补全句子：Reading aloud is ____ I practice English.

完成 so + 形容词 + that 结果结构：The suitcase was ____ heavy ____ I needed help carrying it.

完成 even when ... still 结构：____ the room is noisy, I can ____ focus on my book.

用正确的时态补全 turn out to be usable as：After testing, the recycled plastic ____ roofing material.

用 ones 避免重复复数名词：The brighter lamps lasted longer than the dimmer ____.

请用 Through our understanding of 引出知识依据：____ migration patterns, we can better protect these birds.

在这个句子中，probe 是什么意思？Researchers use radio waves to probe the planet's atmosphere.

1. 测量这颗行星移动得有多快
2. 利用无线电波仔细探测它
3. 指的是一种实体仪器，而不是一个动作

在一段说明中，这个问题起到了什么组织作用？

1. 从解释方法转向追问目标为何重要
2. 表示说明已经结束
3. 继续列出同一种方法的另一个步骤

在 Well, remember how fast light travels 中，Well 起什么作用？

1. 它表示光以很好或很熟练的方式传播。
2. 它表示说话人已经结束了解释。
3. 它在说话人给出提醒前，自然地开始回应。

把 that is collected by 缩略后补全句子：The energy ____ the solar panels powers the house.

阅读句子：The road is closed, which means that we need another route. which 指什么？

1. 道路封闭这一整件事
2. 仅指名词 road
3. 短语 another route

选择正确的内容补全句子。这里需要一个嵌入式 wh 从句：The old photo shows ___ before the station was rebuilt.

1. what the street looked like
2. what did the street look like
3. what looked the street like

在这句话中，And those smudgy galaxies? 起什么作用？

1. 它把注意力转向那些看起来像模糊痕迹的星系。
2. 它在询问这些星系是不是实际很脏。
3. 它给出了一个星系类别的正式科学名称。

用现在完成时的耗时结构补全句子：The app is ready now. It ____ three months ____ the team to finish it.

哪句话明确表示“门”这个比喻只从某个角度看才成立？

1. A good book is literally a doorway to another world.
2. In some sense, a good book is a doorway to another world.
3. A good book is not a doorway to another world in any sense.

原句中的 an inbuilt time machine 是什么意思？

1. 光传播需要时间，所以我们看到的是遥远天体较早阶段的样子。
2. 观察太空会让时间停止。
3. 宇宙里确实有一台能把人带回过去的机器。

用 much 和 easy 的比较级补全关联比较结构：The ____ you practice, the ____ the tune becomes.

阅读句子：Researchers read the lake's history in layers of mud. 这里的 read 是什么意思？

1. 通过解读线索来了解过去。
2. 把写下来的文字大声读出来。
3. 写一本完整的历史书。

用表示“以某种特定形式”的准确词组补全句子：The emergency update arrived ____ a text message.

使用 All that remains is ... 句型补全句子：The report is finished. ____ for us to send it to the client.