人口金字塔：预测未来的强大工具 - Kim Preshoff：英语精读讲义

with the largest territory in the world 在这句话中起什么作用？

1. 它引出另一个与 Russia 一起行动的国家。
2. 它表示 Russia 所做的主要动作。
3. 它补充有关 Russia 的背景信息。

使用 roughly the same ... as 和名词 price 完成句子：This ticket is ____ the day pass.

哪句话正确表示第二座仓库的大小是第一座的 1/16？

1. The second warehouse is huge; the first is one sixteenth its size.
2. The first warehouse is huge; the second is sixteen times its size.
3. The first warehouse is huge; the second is one sixteenth its size.

请用 won't、last 和 long 补全句子，预测目前的安静很快会结束：The streets are quiet now, but it ____.

向导已经说明只有两条路线。哪个句子能明确地把其中一条路线与唯一剩下的另一条进行对比？

1. One route is scenic, while another is faster.
2. One route is scenic, while the other is faster.
3. One route is scenic, while the others are faster.

演讲者说：“The survey response rate doubled this year. What can this tell us about customer interest?” 这个问题的主要功能是什么？

1. 它引出对证据含义的解释。
2. 它要求听众立即说出这些国家的名称。
3. 它表示演讲者忘记了前面提供的信息。

哪个句子正确使用了 some of + the + 最高级形容词 + 复数名词？

1. These are some of the safest routes through the park.
2. These are some of the safest route through the park.
3. These are some of safest routes through the park.

完成句子，使其表示“These are the tools that our technicians must use.”。使用 our technicians 和 have to work with，并省略关系代词：These are the tools ____.

把两个动作看作一项整体的准备工作。用 require 的正确形式补全句子：Preparing the slides and rehearsing the talk ____ careful planning.

用 not just ... but ... 结构补全句子：A good guide explains ____ where to go, ____ why it matters.

哪句话正确使用 such as 来引出较大类别中的具体例子？

1. The club offers creative activities such as painting and photography.
2. The club offers such as creative activities painting and photography.
3. The club such as offers painting and photography creative activities.

哪句话最准确地表示“用电子表格记录随时间变化的支出”？

1. We use a spreadsheet to keep track of monthly expenses.
2. We use a spreadsheet to lose track of monthly expenses.
3. We use a spreadsheet to remember monthly expenses.

用表示“某种方法使一个动作更容易”的目标结构完成句子：Present the instructions ____ follow them.

使用含有 more easily 和 through 的目标被动结构完成句子：The survey results ____ a clear chart.

使用 one of the ways that ... is ... 结构补全句子：____ communities reduce waste ____ by collecting food scraps.

以下哪项最符合 demographers 的含义？

1. 设计金字塔形建筑的工程师
2. 研究人口及其变化的研究人员
3. 把统计数据制作成图像的艺术家

在人口学中，population pyramid 指什么？

1. 按年龄和性别展示人口的图表
2. 按总人口给各国排名的列表
3. 描绘金字塔形建筑的图画

用 divide 的现在时被动形式和表示分类标准的介词完成句子：The survey information ____ age group.

用 on one side ... on the other 的固定模式完成两侧布局描述：The screen displays the schedule ____ and the notes ____.

哪一个句子在 each 后正确使用了复合修饰语？

1. The report gives a total for each 10-year age interval.
2. The report gives a total for each 10-year age intervals.
3. The report gives a total for each 10-years age interval.

哪项说明正确解释了这个年龄段序列？

1. 这个序列只包括0岁、4岁和100岁。
2. 这个序列从0至4岁的年龄段开始，一直延伸到100岁及以上的年龄段。
3. 这个序列从100岁开始，向下数到0岁。

哪个句子能自然地表示“调查回答被分为三类”？

1. The survey responses were grouped together into three categories.
2. The survey responses were grouped together by three categories.
3. The survey responses were grouped three categories together into.

哪一种解释最符合句中这三个标签的含义？

1. 它们是按照所定义的生育年龄范围划分的人口学年龄组。
2. 它们说明每个人是否都会生育。
3. 它们按照社会价值从低到高给人排序。

请用本课中表示“对……有很强预测作用的指标”的准确短语完成句子：Early reading fluency can be ____ later academic progress.

哪一个句子正确使用了 show + 宾语 + to be + 补语？

1. The inspection showed the building to be safe.
2. The inspection showed the building was to safe.
3. The inspection showed to be the building safe.

哪一个句子正确使用了 with + 名词短语 + being 来添加背景状态？

1. The library stayed open, with most of the rooms are available.
2. The library stayed open, with most of the rooms being available.
3. The library stayed open, with being most of the rooms available.

本句中的 at the bottom of the pyramid 是什么意思？

1. 它表示年轻人的社会地位最低。
2. 它指出最年轻的年龄组在图表上的位置。
3. 它表示有关最年轻人群的数据最不重要。

使用与 Lena 对应的 of one's own 形式完成句子：After years of sharing, Lena finally has a room ____.

哪一句使用 As 连接一个逐渐发展的过程和同时出现的结果？

1. As the neighborhood grows, the buses become more crowded.
2. Mia is as tall as her brother.
3. As the meeting was canceled, we went home.

使用 be almost certain to 和 within 完成预测：The number of users ____ double ____ the next three years.

在演讲中正要转入第三个案例时，哪句话最自然？

1. We looked at a coastal city in the third example.
2. For our third example, let's look at a coastal city.
3. A coastal city is our only example.

用表示“密集分布在某点附近”的目标双词短语完成句子：On the map, most clinics are ____ the city center.

比较今年和去年时，哪一句最适合写在正式报告中？

1. There are fewer people using the service this year.
2. There are less people using the service this year.
3. There are few people using the service this year.

在规范的书面英语中，哪一句正确使用了 Because + 从句, 结果主句 这一结构？

1. Because the road was icy, traffic moved more slowly.
2. Because the road was icy, so traffic moved more slowly.
3. Because the icy road, traffic moved more slowly.

在句子“As no buses were running, we had to walk home,”中，as 起什么作用？

1. 它把步行和乘公交车进行比较。
2. 它引出我们不得不步行回家的原因。
3. 它表示公交车在我们到家之后才开始运行。

用本笔记中的三个单词目标短语补全报告：According to the census, ____ the city's population lives in the northern districts.

哪句话中的 interval 表示数值刻度上的统计区间？

1. The survey groups respondents into five-year age intervals.
2. The dancers rested during the interval.
3. There was a short interval between the two announcements.

使用确切短语 current rates of consumption 完成预测：At ____, the town's water supply will last only two months.

哪句话表示一个可测量的趋势将在未来开始下降？

1. Ticket sales will remain steady next month.
2. Ticket sales will begin to decline next month.
3. Ticket sales declined throughout last month.

用表示可数事物数量持续减少的重复比较级补全句子：____ seats are available each day.

用表示“彼此并排”的目标短语完成句子：The editor displayed the two photos ____ so we could compare them.

用 reveal 的正确形式完成句子：Comparing the two maps ____ how the city has changed.

在这句话中，a demographic transition 是什么意思？

1. 社会发展过程中出生率和死亡率的长期变化
2. 食品价格的短期上涨
3. 突然跨越国界的人口迁移

完成 move from A to B 结构：The clinic moved ____ phone bookings ____ online bookings.

请将 begin 与 only recently 搭配，并使用现在完成时：The town ____ the process of rebuilding.

请使用描述趋势的结构 see an increase in：The clinic has ____ patient visits this year.

以下哪一项正确解释了“a fall in child mortality rates”？

1. 儿童总人口减少了。
2. 儿童生病的频率降低了。
3. 儿童死亡率下降了。

请使用由英文单词 result 构成、表示“因为”的四词短语完成句子：The outdoor class was canceled ____ heavy rain.

while 在“while birth rates remain constant”中起什么作用？

1. 它把稳定的出生率与另一种不同趋势进行对比。
2. 它说明出生率保持不变持续了多久。
3. 它表示稳定的出生率导致了另一种趋势。

请用 lead to 构成的 -ing 结果结构完成句子：The new rule reduced waste, ____ cleaner parks.

哪句话表示米娅在设计流程中达到的阶段比利奥更靠后？

1. Mia is farther along in the design process than Leo.
2. Mia has worked on the design process for longer than Leo.
3. Mia is farther away from the design studio than Leo.

哪句话说明观察到的用水量下降趋势已经开始？

1. The region began to prevent a fall in water use.
2. The region began to predict a fall in water use.
3. The region began to see a fall in water use.

哪句话正确使用 due to factors such as 来引出具体原因？

1. The delay was due to factors such as severe weather and staff shortages.
2. The delay was due to severe weather such as factors and staff shortages.
3. Factors such as the delay was due to severe weather and staff shortages.

在例句中，opportunities for women outside of child rearing 是什么意思？

1. 教育、工作或养育子女以外其他领域中的机会
2. 在户外养育子女的机会
3. 临时替别人照看孩子的工作

用名词结构 a move from ... to ... 完成句子：The company has made ____ paper forms ____ online forms.

哪一个句子正确使用了 make + 动名词短语 + 形容词？

1. Lower membership fees make to join the club more affordable.
2. Lower membership fees make joining the club more affordably.
3. Lower membership fees make joining the club more affordable.

这里的 countries in advanced stages of industrialization 是什么意思？

1. 尚未开始工业化的国家。
2. 正在学习难度特别高的工业课程的国家。
3. 在走向工业化的进程中已经发展得较深入的国家。

用 reach a point where 的过去式完成句子：The discussion ____ nobody was willing to compromise.

补全成对结构，表示同一个判断适用于两个指标：In this test, ____ speed ____ accuracy matter.

填入一个由两个词组成的短语，表示第二种可能性更极端：Demand may remain stable ____ begin to decline.

句中的 projected 是什么意思？

1. 记录为2050年的最终统计数值
2. 根据数据或模型对未来某个时间作出的估计
3. 用投影仪显示在墙上

哪句话正确使用 alter the shape of，表示一个因素会改变某个地方的整体形态？

1. New roads can alter a city to its shape.
2. New roads can alter with the shape of a city.
3. New roads can alter the shape of a city.

用 not only as A, but as B 结构补全句子：The old station serves ____ a museum, ____ a neighborhood arts center.

用 bear the scars of 的正确形式补全句子：The town still ____ the earthquake.

在例句中，elderly women 起什么作用？

1. 衡量老年男性人数时所依据的比较基准。
2. 句中所说人数更少的群体。
3. 老年男性人数下降的原因。

哪一种理解最符合例句中 as 的含义？

1. 只有在所有士兵都归来后，人口才开始增长。
2. 人口增长导致士兵归来并使正常生活恢复。
3. 人口在士兵归来和正常生活恢复的过程中增长，而这些变化也有助于解释人口增长。

这句话中突出显示的短语是什么意思？

1. 图表本身制定并执行了一孩政策。
2. 图表的年龄结构显示了与一孩政策引入有关的影响。
3. 这项政策让每个年龄组都恰好只有一个孩子。

请用替代单数名词的结构完成句子：The cost of this plan is lower than ____ the old plan.

请用 lead to 的过去式完成句子：The faulty update ____ a system outage.

请用 result in 的 -ing 形式完成句子，表示产生的结果：The shelter accepted several rescued dogs, ____ more dogs than cats.

在这句话中，baby boom that followed World War II 是什么意思？

1. 一群参加第二次世界大战的婴儿
2. 第二次世界大战后由婴儿造成的一次爆炸
3. 第二次世界大战后出生人数急剧上升的时期

请用本课中以 far 开头的四词结构完成句子：This internship teaches you ____ office skills.

在一份长期项目报告中，both where it's been and where it's headed 表示什么？

1. 项目过去的发展历程和未来可能的发展方向。
2. 项目团队可能前往的两个目的地。
3. 项目被存放和交付过的实际地点。

哪种情境最适合用 in today's increasingly interconnected world, ... 开头？

1. 一条告诉朋友自己把一只袜子放在哪里的短信。
2. 一张只记录某个房间温度、与外界没有更广泛联系的便条。
3. 一份说明不同国家的供应链如何相互影响的正式报告。

请用目标短语准确完成句子：____ water shortages and rising food prices, many communities need long-term support.

请完成这个正式句子，并确保两个群体都包括在内：____ teachers and parents ____ understand online safety.

请用由 “that affect them” 简化而来的 -ing 从句完成句子：We studied local prices and the factors ____.