狂热交配、精子库与幼虫抢夺战：红火蚁蚁后的生活 - Walter R. Tschinkel：英语精读讲义

请用本讲中由两个英文单词组成的准确目标短语补全句子：We went outside ____ the rain stopped.

请用由三个英文单词组成的准确目标短语表示空间正逐渐变满：The theater ____ excited families.

哪一句自然使用了省略宾语关系代词的定语从句？

1. The book I borrowed yesterday is fascinating.
2. The book borrowed I yesterday is fascinating.
3. The book I borrowed it yesterday is fascinating.

用本课表示初步印象的短语完成句子：____, the two maps look identical, but their scales are different.

当不同的人可能有不同反应时，哪句话的评价最谨慎？

1. No viewer could find this sight disturbing.
2. This is definitely a disturbing sight for every viewer.
3. This might be a disturbing sight for some viewers.

用本课所学的三个词的表达完成句子：The aurora borealis, ____ the northern lights, can be seen near the poles.

这句话中的 romance 起什么作用？

1. 它表示蚂蚁遵循人类的约会习俗。
2. 它用人类的说法，轻松地呈现蚂蚁的交配活动。
3. 它给蚂蚁飞行的科学阶段命名。

用本课中的昆虫繁殖术语补全句子：Winged male and female ants leave the nest to mate during the ____.

在这个生物学语境中，alates 指什么？

1. 有翅、具有繁殖能力的雄蚁和雌蚁
2. 主要负责采集食物的工蚁
3. 尚未发育成成虫的幼蚁

用表示“开始飞行”的两词表达的过去式完成句子：At sunrise, the geese ____ and headed south.

用表示“首次飞行同时也是最后一次飞行”的表达补全句子：The experimental plane flew ____ before it was permanently retired.

哪一句使用 But even for ... 表示某个问题连一个原本应该能妥善应对的群体也同样面临？

1. But experienced climbers canceled the trip when the sudden storm arrived.
2. Even the sudden storm ended before the experienced climbers arrived.
3. But even for experienced climbers, the sudden storm was dangerous.

用 manage to + 动词表示“虽然困难但成功避开”：Although the cyclist skidded, she ____ the fallen branch.

用 prove 的过去式完成句子，使其表示“结果发现是”：The cheap repair looked simple, but it ____ expensive.

在叙事中，Her work is only beginning 在此处起什么作用？

1. 它把注意力从已经完成的阶段转向接下来更大的任务。
2. 它宣布她的所有任务都已经完成。
3. 它表示她已经决定停止工作。

用动词 finish 的完成式分词形式补全句子，表示报告先完成：____ the report, Maya sent it to her manager.

请补全本课表示“足够一生使用的数量”的四词固定短语：The prize includes ____ pet food for the winner.

哪句话最能强调艾娃在没有任何人帮助的情况下完成了一项大型任务？

1. Ava organized one small part of the charity event.
2. Ava was alone when she arrived at the charity event.
3. Ava single-handedly organized the entire charity event.

哪一个句子正确地让主句主语同时成为句首 -ing 动作的执行者？

1. Walking to school, the rain started suddenly.
2. Walking to school, Maya saw a rainbow.
3. Walking to school, Maya's backpack felt heavy.

填入缺少的词，表示他们在寻找适合野餐的地点：They searched ____ a suitable spot ____ have a picnic.

用 carry 的正确形式完成句子：This small suitcase is easy ____.

用 damage 的过去分词完成这个被动修饰语：The bridge ____ by the flood remains closed.

选择语法正确的句子，表示在未来流程中，门解锁后才会进入下一步。

1. Once the door unlocks, you can enter.
2. Once the door will unlock, you can enter.
3. Once the door unlocking, you can enter.

用 break off 和代词 it 完成句子：The loose tag was hanging by one thread, so Mia ____.

用 create 的正确形式补充结果：The storm knocked down a tree, ____ a roadblock.

用 end in 的正确形式填空：A narrow passage slopes downward, ____ a round room.

哪一句正确使用 begin + 动词-ing 来表示某项活动开始了？

1. The bird began building its nest in early spring.
2. The bird began build its nest in early spring.
3. The bird began built its nest in early spring.

请用 per 和单位 day 完成这个比率表达：The machine produces about 200 bottles ____.

用 rely on 的一般现在时正确形式完成句子：The clinic ____ donations to provide free meals.

完成 both A and B 结构：The program helps ____ children ____ their parents.

在下面的句子中，in the process 表示什么？“He repaired the bike and learned a new skill in the process.”

1. 他在开始修自行车之前就学会了这项技能。
2. 修自行车使他无法学到任何东西。
3. 他在修自行车的过程中学会了这项新技能。

用 grow into 的过去式完成句子，表示逐渐发展：Over several years, the tiny workshop ____ a successful company.

用高亮结构补全句子：After their first flight, the young birds are ____ food on their own.

用高亮的句尾转折词补全句子：The backpack is heavy. It's comfortable, ____.

把 help 改为动名词，并使用 be 的正确现在时形式：____ the injured animal ____ our first task.

旁白想把几个蚁群描写成各自独立、有组织的力量，而不是指出某种生物类别。哪个短语最合适？

1. their own ant armies
2. their own army ants
3. their own insect species

哪句话正确使用了现在完成时和 so far，表示一种持续到目前的情况？

1. The two teams have work well together so far.
2. The two teams have worked well together so far.
3. The two teams worked well together so far tomorrow.

用上文讲过的一个表示触发条件的连词完成这条规律：____ the sensor detects smoke, the alarm sounds.

哪句话正确使用了“known as”来介绍一个过程的名称？

1. The change from liquid water to water vapor is known as evaporation.
2. The change from liquid water to water vapor is known for evaporation.
3. The change from liquid water to water vapor knows as evaporation.

哪句话自然地表示传感器最远可以在20米处工作？

1. The sensor can detect movement up to 20 meters away.
2. The sensor can detect movement until 20 meters away.
3. The sensor can detect movement up 20 meters away.

句中的 new waves of raiders 是什么意思？

1. 袭击者正乘着海浪前进。
2. 一批批新的袭击者不断到来。
3. 袭击者已经不再出现。

哪一句表示需求太多，团队无法应付？

1. The cook listed every order on a board.
2. The flood of orders overwhelmed the small kitchen.
3. The kitchen closed after serving its final customer.

在这个蚁群语境中，entire brood supply 指什么？

1. 蚁后储存的全部食物
2. 袭击者夺走的全部工具和筑巢材料
3. 蚁群中全部尚未成熟的后代，如卵、幼虫和蛹

哪一个句子正确使用了句首分词短语来说明 Lina 的动机？

1. Chasing her last chance to qualify, Lina trained every morning.
2. Chasing her last chance to qualify, the gym opened early.
3. Chasing her last chance to qualify, every morning mattered to Lina.

用 fend off 的原形完成句子：Strong passwords can help ____ cyberattacks.

使用 fight one's way to 的过去式，并让所有格用词与 Maya 对应：When the alarm rang in the crowded station, Maya ____ the exit.

哪句话表示“这种新方法能在旧方法无法奏效的相同情形下取得成功”？

1. The new method succeeds because older methods fail.
2. The new method succeeds after older methods fail.
3. The new method succeeds where older methods fail.

在这句话中，reigning monarch 暗示这只蚁后是什么身份？

1. 她是一只尚未取得该地位的新蚁后。
2. 她能通过制造降雨来控制天气。
3. 她是目前占据既有地位的蚁后，被描述得像一位人类统治者。

哪一句自然地使用了 usurp？

1. Rina usurped a glass of water after the race.
2. The general tried to usurp the king's authority.
3. We usurped a quiet walk around the park.

请用高亮表达中的连词补全这个新句子：Keep the lid on ____ the rice is ready.

哪一个句子自然地使用了 preside over？

1. Leo presided over his friend around the museum.
2. Maya presided over her backpack to school.
3. The chief justice presided over the hearing.

使用 aid + 宾语 + in + -ing 结构，并用 aided、the hikers 和 find 完成句子：Yesterday, the guide ____ a safe route.

用 once 和 exceed 的正确形式完成这个阈值句型：____ the water level ____ 5 meters, the warning light turns on.

哪一句中的 change course 是比喻用法，表示“改用另一种策略”？

1. After the first plan failed, the team changed course and tested a simpler design.
2. To avoid the storm, the pilot changed course and flew east.
3. After the flood, the river changed course and flowed toward the valley.

哪句话宣布了一条从现在开始、以后会反复执行的规则？

1. From now on, we will check the doors every night.
2. Right now, we are checking the doors.
3. From then on, we checked the doors every night.

在英文句子 “The new trend spawned dozens of imitations,” 中，spawned 是什么意思？

1. 逐个手工复制它们
2. 把它们隐藏起来
3. 使它们出现

使用 practice 的 -ing 形式完成句子：After the holiday, Leo returned to ____ the piano every evening.

使用 take to the skies 的过去式完成句子：At sunrise yesterday, dozens of hot-air balloons ____.

在这个生物学语境中，spread their queen's genes 是什么意思？

1. 通过生物扩散和繁殖，让遗传信息到达新的地方或进入未来的后代。
2. 把肉眼可见的基因撒到地上。
3. 把蚁后的观点分享给其他群体。

用一个既表示大约的最大距离、又表示顺风移动的短语完成句子：The scent can travel ____.

用目标短语完成句子：Better planning can ____ reducing waste.

这句话中的 one massive superorganism 是什么意思？

1. 整个蚁群的成员像一个有机体的各部分一样协同运作。
2. 蚁群中的每只蚂蚁都完全独自生存和工作。
3. 一只蚂蚁长到和整个蚁群一样大。

句中的 tend to the brood 是什么意思？

1. 照料发育中的幼蚁
2. 把发育中的幼蚁搬到另一个巢穴
3. 很可能繁育后代

这句话中的 while 主要起什么作用？

1. 对比年轻蚂蚁和年长蚂蚁的职责。
2. 把年长蚂蚁的工作限制在某个特定时间。
3. 说明年轻蚂蚁给蚁后喂食的原因。

在句子 When intruders strike, the guards defend the entrance. 中，strike 是什么意思？

1. 入侵者发动攻击。
2. 入侵者离开这个区域。
3. 入侵者发出巨大的声音。

用 come together 的正确过去时形式补全英语句子：After the flood, the community ____ to rebuild the playground.

band together into a massive living raft 在这句话中是什么意思？

1. 它们把身体连接起来，组成一个巨大的漂浮筏。
2. 它们爬上一只木头制成的大筏子。
3. 它们分散开来，朝不同方向游走。

用表示“到安全处”的目标短语完成句子：The firefighters carried the child ____.

用让步短语 no matter how 补全句子：____ tired Leo is, he still feeds the dog before bed.

用 come to an end 补全句子：Even the best vacation must ____.

用 run out of 的过去式完成句子：By the end of the hike, we ____ water.

用 can no longer 完成句子，表示过去的能力已经消失：The battery is permanently damaged, so the robot ____ move.

哪个句子自然地使用了 dwindle，并表达了它的目标含义？

1. Our food supplies dwindled during the long winter.
2. We dwindled our food supplies during the long winter.
3. Our food supplies dwindled and became more plentiful each day.

用 take over 的被动形式完成句子：Last year, the small company ____ a larger competitor.

哪个句子正确拼写了表示“君主统治时期”的单词？

1. The king's rein lasted for thirty years.
2. The king's reign lasted for thirty years.
3. The king's rain lasted for thirty years.

用 live on 的两个单词形式完成句子，表示“继续产生影响”：Although the inventor is gone, her influence ____.