首次公开！新蜘蛛物种的珍贵影像 - Smarter Every Day 78：英语精读讲义

Hey, it's me, Destin.

嘿，是我，Destin。

Welcome back to Smarter Every Day.

欢迎回到《Smarter Every Day》。

Today's observation I'm going to share with you is amazing. 語法

今天我要和你们分享的观察非常惊人。

It's the discovery of a new species of spider potentially in the Amazon rainforest.

可能是在亚马逊雨林发现了一种新的蜘蛛物种。

I'm talking about the exact moment that we walked up and recorded for science

我说的是我们走过去并为科学记录下...

video of a new species of spider that has amazing behaviors.

具有惊人行为的新蜘蛛物种视频的确切时刻。

Let me set it up. 短語動詞

让我交代一下背景。

Me, Gordon, and Phil, who's an entomologist,

我、Gordon还有昆虫学家Phil，

were walking down this path in the rainforest with our head lamps.

我们正戴着头灯走在雨林里的这条小路上。

Gordon discovers something over here.

Gordon在这边发现了什么。

He calls us,

他叫我们过去，

I hit record on the camera,

我按下相机的录制键，

turn around,

转过身，

and walk towards Gordon.

朝Gordon走去。

So what happened?

那么发生了什么？

I don't know.

我不知道。

They've It's like they've evaporated. 語法

它们……就像是蒸发了一样。

It's like something small living on there.

就像有什么小东西住在上面。

Hey, dude, Is that a fake spider that that thing makes?

嘿，老兄，那是那东西做的假蜘蛛吗？

What's... I think that's... What's bumping that?

怎么……我觉得那是……什么东西在撞它？

Yeah, there's a bug living on there.

对，有一只虫子住在上面。

That actually may have made a fake spider out of debris.

它居然可能用碎屑做了一只假蜘蛛。

No.

不是吧。

Not even kidding. 語氣意圖

完全没开玩笑。

Oh, man.

噢，天哪。

What the heck?

搞什么鬼？

There's a tiny

有一只小小的

It's a tiny spider disguised as a big spider.

是一只小蜘蛛伪装成了大蜘蛛。

Shut up. 語氣意圖

别逗了。

Or something.

或者什么别的东西。

I can see over here.

我能看到这边。

What's moving?

什么在动？

Take a picture of it.

拍张照。

It's a little spider on the other side.

另一边有一只小蜘蛛。

I can't tell if it's a spider or a bug. 語法

我分不清那是蜘蛛还是虫子。

It looked like a spider from this side.

从这边看像是一只蜘蛛。

Nuts.

疯了。

I've never ever ever seen

我从来从来没见过

Did we discover something?

我们是不是发现了什么？

Oh, let me manage my lizard bag.

噢，让我先管好我的蜥蜴袋。

Where's the tiny spider?

小蜘蛛在哪儿？

Dude, it's a spider.

伙计，那是只蜘蛛。

That is crazy.

太疯狂了。

Oh, I just realized I have my camera on.

噢，我刚意识到我相机开着。

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8。

Correct number of legs.

腿的数量是对的。

Yeah.

是啊。

On the fake.

在假蜘蛛上。

There's no way. 語氣意圖

不可能。

1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4

No way,

不可能，

cuz that would mean that they can like basically count. 語法

因为那意味着它们基本上会数数。

So he's vibrating it

所以它在震动它

to make it look bigger. 語法

让它看起来更大。

Is that what's happening?

是这样吗？

I think it might be.

我觉得可能是。

Yeah, to make it look like it's moving.

对，让它看起来像是在动。

He's so tiny, though. 表達脈絡

可它太小了。

Yeah, but he's trying to look big.

是啊，但它在努力显得很大。

Okay,

好了，

so we are in the jungle

所以我们在丛林里，

and our current theory is that

我们目前的理论是，

this tiny tiny tiny spider at the top of this

在这个东西顶部的这只非常非常小的蜘蛛

Keep me backlit there, Gordon.

给我在那儿打个背光，Gordon。

It's working good.

效果不错。

This tiny spider has created

这只小蜘蛛制造了

Is that dust? Or are we thinking?

那是灰尘吗？还是什么？

No idea.

不知道。

Debris or something. 語氣意圖

碎屑之类的。

Debris that looks like a big spider

看起来像只大蜘蛛的碎屑

and he's vibrating the whole web

然后它在震动整个网

to make it look like he is a big spider.

假装它是一只大蜘蛛。

He's got...

它有……

He's counted.

它数过了。

Counted legs.

数了腿。

Eight legs.

八条腿。

This doesn't seem like it could be true. 語法

感觉这不可能是真的。

We have to

我们必须

research that.

研究一下。

Vibrate it one more time,

再震动一次，

Mr. There you go.

先生。好了。

Thank you.

谢谢。

All right, we'll go research.

好了，我们去研究一下。

Wow.

哇。

We need Jeff's macro lens 語法

我们需要Jeff的微距镜头

is what we need.

这正是我们需要的。

Well, we know what this is.

好吧，我们知道这是什么了。

We need a good one.

我们需要个好的镜头。

That's amazing,

这太惊人了，

is it not?

不是吗？

So the reason Phil and I were talking about a macro lens 語法

Phil和我谈论微距镜头的原因是

is we knew we had to get that information out of the jungle

我们知道必须把那些信息带出丛林

and into the hands of the arachnologists back in the states. 習語

然后交到美国蛛形动物学家的手里。

The camera lenses that we had on hand were only capable of taking photos like this, 習語

我们手头的相机镜头只能拍出这样的照片，

so we couldn't actually see the spider on top.

所以我们根本看不清顶部的蜘蛛。

But Jeff, however, had a 60 mm back at the lodge,

不过Jeff在旅馆留了一个60毫米的镜头，

so we went and got him

所以我们去把他找来，

and he took photos

他拍了照片，

so you can actually see the spider up top.

这样你们就能真切地看到顶部的蜘蛛了。

If you want to see what that looks like,

如果你想看看它是什么样，

go click here or in the link in the video description.

请点击这里或视频描述里的链接。

You can see what that actual spider

你们可以看到那只制造了整个诱饵的

looks like that made this whole decoy.

真正的蜘蛛长什么样。

So did we actually discover a new species?

那么我们真的发现了一个新物种吗？

If you look at the class for Arachnida,

如果你看蛛形纲（Arachnida），

underneath it there's a genus called Cyclosa. 文化背景

它下面有一个属叫艾蛛属（Cyclosa）。

And in Cyclosa,

在艾蛛属中，

there's a specific type of spider called a trash line orb weaver.

有一种特定的蜘蛛叫垃圾线圆蛛。

Now this orb weaver is able to go get debris, 短語搭配

这种圆蛛能够收集碎屑，

bring it back to his web,

带回它的网上，

and create little bitty decoys and things like that in his web.

然后在网上制造小小的诱饵之类的东西。

So it sounds like we're getting close, 表達脈絡

听起来我们好像接近真相了，

but here's the difference. 表達脈絡

但区别在于。

We have not seen anything near this accurate 用詞

我们在这些小垃圾线圆蛛身上

in these little trash line orb weavers.

从未见过像这样精确的东西。

First of all, there's eight legs.

首先，它有八条腿。

That in itself is mind-blowing to me. 講解

这本身就让我觉得不可思议。

But there's two other things

但还有另外两点

I think are pretty cool as well.

我觉得也非常酷。

You noticed that there's both an abdomen on each one,

你注意到它们每个都有一个腹部，

but also there's a cephalothorax,

同时还有一个头胸部，

which is the combination between the head and the thorax.

也就是头部和胸部的结合体。

That is amazing.

真是太神奇了。

So the verdict is still out on this one. 習語

所以关于这个，目前还没有定论。

We don't know if this is in fact a new species.

我们不知道这是否真的是一个新物种。

However,

然而，

the arachnologists at both Harvard and Cornell

哈佛和康奈尔的蛛形动物学家都

say they haven't seen anything like this before, 語法

说他们以前从未见过这样的东西，

but they're reviewing the data and they're going to let us know. 短語搭配

但他们正在审查数据，会告知我们结果。

So, here's what we're going to do.

那么，我们要这样做。

What would you name this new species 語法

如果你有机会为这个新物种命名，

if you had the opportunity to name it?

你会给它起什么名字？

So leave me a comment

留个言

and tell me what it would be.

告诉我它该叫什么。

However, I'm going to tell you what we thought.

不过，我要告诉你们我们的想法。

I thought a really good one 語法

我觉得一个非常好的名字

would be the effigy spider.

应该是“雕像蜘蛛”（effigy spider）。

Jeff liked the debris spider.

Jeff喜欢“碎屑蜘蛛”（debris spider）。

Phil liked the decoy spider.

Phil喜欢“诱饵蜘蛛”（decoy spider）。

Gordon liked the mosaic spider.

Gordon喜欢“马赛克蜘蛛”（mosaic spider）。

So anyway, leave a comment below,

总之，在下面留言，

tell me what you think it should be called,

告诉我你觉得它应该叫什么，

and uh I don't know, who knows?

而且，呃，谁知道呢？

Maybe those researchers will read the comments

也许那些研究人员会看评论，

and come up with the name that you guys selected. 短語動詞

然后采用你们选出的名字。

So there you go. 語氣意圖

就是这样。

I hope you enjoyed it.

希望你们喜欢。

News media outlets,

新闻媒体朋友们，

please contact me before you try to use this video,

请在试图使用这段视频前联系我，

get proper permission.

获取适当的许可。

Next week is high-speed video of butterflies.

下周是蝴蝶的高速视频。

That should be awesome.

应该会很棒。

I'm Destin.

我是Destin。

You're getting smarter every day,

你每天都在变聪明，

please subscribe.

请订阅。

Have a good one. 短語搭配

祝你有美好的一天。

So when I first walked up on this species, 短語動詞

当我第一次靠近这个物种时，

I thought I was looking at something that had been attacked by Cordyceps, 講解

我以为我看到的是被冬虫夏草攻击过的东西，

which is a fungus that will go and attack the host species

虫草是一种会去攻击宿主物种的真菌

and replace all the living tissue inside

它会替换宿主内部所有的活体组织，

while it's still living

在它还活着的时候，

with fungus.

替换成真菌。

It's nasty stuff. 用詞

这东西很恶心。