胃溃疡令人惊讶的起因 - Rusha Modi：英语精读讲义

使用固定表达 take a risk 完成句子：She decided to ____ and open her own shop.

用 complain of 的正确形式完成这句正式医疗描述：Several patients were ____ dizziness.

用本课中表示 because of 的两个词短语完成句子：The outdoor event was canceled ____ strong winds.

用关系词和 be 的正确形式完成定义：The museum displays meteorites, ____ rocks from space.

选择回指刚刚提到的那个过去时期的短语：The museum opened in 1985. ___, the neighborhood had no subway station.

1. At the time
2. On time
3. At times

用一个表示“几乎没有”的词完成句子：____ effective treatments existed, so doctors had very limited options.

用一个正式医疗短语补全句子，使其从住院递进到更严重的手术可能性：Some patients ____.

哪一句正确使用了句首形容词短语来描述主句主语？

1. Desperate for shelter, the hikers ran toward the cabin.
2. Desperate for shelter, there was a cabin nearby.
3. Desperate for shelter, the cabin appeared through the rain.

在这个句子中，broth 是什么意思？

1. 杀死细菌的药物
2. 用来培养微生物的液体培养基
3. 作为食物供应的清汤

用缩略的被动关系从句改写：The water samples that were collected from the river were tested immediately. The water samples ____ were tested immediately.

用 experience 的过去进行时完成句子：At 10 p.m., while the nurse was checking him, the patient ____ severe chest pain.

在本句中，a camera called an endoscope 指什么？

1. 一种叫作内窥镜、用于查看人体内部的医疗器械
2. 一台用来给医疗器械拍照的普通相机
3. 一种用于止住腹痛的药物

peered inside his insides 在这句话中起到了什么作用？

1. 它表示内窥镜仔细查看了他的体内，并使用了拟人和有趣的重复。
2. 它把 insides 用作第二个表示“进入”的介词。
3. 它表示内窥镜被意外留在了他的体内。

用 be teeming with 的正确形式完成句子：Yesterday, after the rain, the garden ____ snails.

在本句中，the hallmark precursor of ulcers 是什么意思？

1. 用于预防溃疡的药物
2. 与溃疡相关、最典型的早期迹象或状况
3. 每一种溃疡的直接病因

哪一个句子中的 challenged 与 challenged a misconception 含义相同？

1. The new study challenged a misconception about childhood allergies.
2. Lena challenged her cousin to a swimming race.
3. The final puzzle challenged everyone in the room.

用 cause 的一般现在时被动形式完成一般性说明：These stains ____ minerals in the water.

哪句话自然地用 culprit 表示问题的真正原因？

1. The clear sky was the culprit behind our lovely picnic.
2. After several tests, the faulty sensor turned out to be the culprit.
3. The culprit is another word for any result.

请用 consider 的一般过去时被动形式完成句子：The plan ____ unrealistic by the review panel.

received the ultimate validation 在本句中是什么意思？

1. 他们收到了确认典礼时间的消息。
2. 他们的工作获得了可能达到的最有力认可。
3. 他们获得了提交在线表单的常规许可。

请用 award 的一般过去时被动形式完成句子：At last night's ceremony, the two researchers ____ the prize.

句中的 intricate ecosystems 表示什么？

1. 胃内部简单而空旷的空间。
2. 实际位于胃中的户外栖息地。
3. 由许多相互作用的部分组成的复杂网络。

用本课中表示“充斥着数量惊人的某物”的短语完成句子：After the surprise announcement, social media was ____ rumors.

用本课中表示“持续承受有害压力”的短语完成句子：The coastal road is ____ powerful waves during every winter storm.

请选择用 In response 把一种情况和随后行动连接起来的句子。

1. The river began to rise. In response, the town closed the bridge.
2. The river began to rise. In response, the bridge had two lanes.
3. The river began to rise. In response, the town painted the bridge last year.

哪句话自然地使用了 maintain the integrity of 来表示保护结构？

1. Regular inspections help maintain the color of the bridge.
2. Regular inspections help maintain the integrity of the bridge.
3. Regular inspections help maintain the reputation of the bridge.

用 be referred to as 的正确被动形式完成句子：This change from liquid water to water vapor ____ evaporation.

哪个句子用 since 标明一种持续至今的情况的起点？

1. Since the 1990s, scientists have monitored the lake.
2. For the 1990s, scientists have monitored the lake.
3. Since the lake is remote, scientists visit it by boat.

用 alone 表示单凭一个因素还不够：Good intentions ____ cannot solve the problem.

用 give 的被动形式完成并列结构：The visitors ____ maps and told to wait outside.

用 shift 的过去式表示关注点发生变化：Over time, the discussion ____ ways to save water.

在句子“A loose wire was the culprit behind the power failure.”中，culprit 是什么意思？

1. 对问题负有责任的原因
2. 修好问题的人
3. 碰巧在附近的物体

哪组选项清楚地用第二句挑战了第一句中的预期？

1. Many people expected the treatment to work. Therefore, no careful study has shown a benefit.
2. Many people expected the treatment to work. Yet no careful study has shown a benefit.
3. Many people expected the treatment to work. Moreover, no careful study has shown a benefit.

哪个句子正确表达“截至现在，没有一项可靠测试证实该说法”？

1. No reliable test has ever confirmed the claim.
2. No reliable test ever confirms the claim.
3. No reliable test has not confirmed the claim.

用目标非人称被动短语完成句子：At the time, it ____ the new policy would reduce costs.

在这个句子中，prompted the stomach to eat itself 是什么意思？

1. 医生给了胃一段书面提示，叫它消化。
2. 胃有意识地决定吃掉自己身体里的食物。
3. 人们当时认为，过量的酸会引发胃自身内壁的损伤。

在这里，fervent proponents 是什么意思？

1. 对某个观点持中立态度的人
2. 强烈而积极支持某个观点的人
3. 负责专业检验某个观点是否正确的人

请用 refer to as 的一般过去时被动形式完成句子：The research group ____ the Harbor Circle。

the acid mafia 在这句话中是什么意思？

1. 一个研究胃酸的正式医学组织
2. 对有影响力的酸理论维护者所用的讽刺性绰号
3. 一个从事酸类交易的真实犯罪团体

用重点讲解的比喻完成句子：The biggest ____ is that it cannot explain the new evidence.

哪一项最准确地解释了这句话中 provide temporary relief 的含义？

1. 它能防止症状以后再次出现。
2. 它永久消除了问题的根本原因。
3. 它在有限时间内减轻症状，但没有说病因已经消失。

哪一个句子中的 make up 表示“构成一定比例”？

1. Please make up a story for the game.
2. Women make up 60% of the research team.
3. The two friends made up after the argument.

请用 pinpoint A as B 结构的两个部分完成句子：After several tests, the mechanic ____ a cracked hose ____ the cause of the leak.

在这个句子中，Helicobacter pylori or H. pylori 表示什么？

1. 同一种细菌名称的全称和缩写
2. 一种细菌和一种药物
3. 两种不同的细菌

这句话中的 companions 主要表达什么？

1. 幽门螺杆菌是一种总会帮助人类的友好生物。
2. 人类有意邀请幽门螺杆菌加入了某个群体。
3. 幽门螺杆菌已经与人类共存了很长时间，而且分布广泛。

哪句话正确使用分词短语，补充同一主语较早的历史和现在的被动状态？

1. The bridge still serves the town, having opened in 1902 and now protected as a historic site.
2. Having opened in 1902, tourists now protect the bridge as a historic site.
3. The bridge still serves the town, having opens in 1902 and now protecting as a historic site.

填入表示“没有活的微生物”的单词：Before the operation, all instruments must remain ____.

用表示 because of、语气较正式的三个词短语完成句子：The outdoor concert was canceled ____ the high winds.

哪一个后续句使用 Yet 引出了与第一句所形成的预期相反的事实？

1. The cave was thought to be lifeless. Yet microbes were found deep inside it.
2. The cave was thought to be lifeless. For example, it had no sunlight.
3. The cave was thought to be lifeless. Therefore, no one expected microbes there.

the acidic turmoil of the stomach 在这句话中起到了什么作用？

1. 它表示胃正在参与政治冲突。
2. 它给出了某种胃内液体的正式医学名称。
3. 它把胃内的酸性条件生动地写成严酷而动荡的环境。

请用 in ... favor 完成句子，表示这项变化让规模较小的队伍受益：The new rule shifted the balance ____.

以下哪组句子用 For example 引出对前面概括的具体例子？

1. Some animals are active at night. For example, the library has new computers.
2. Some animals are active at night. For example, this means every animal is nocturnal.
3. Some animals are active at night. For example, many owls hunt after sunset.

在 an enzyme called urease 中，called 是什么意思？

1. 这种酶由 urease 制成。
2. 这种酶给 urease 打电话。
3. 这种酶的名称是 urease。

哪一句最适合用于正式的医学说明？

1. The medicine cuts down on stomach acid.
2. The medicine reduces every kind of acid.
3. The medicine reduces gastric acid production.

请用高亮的 be dedicated to 结构补全句子：These machines are ____ sorting recycled plastic.

一项研究已经发现了几条线索，但研究人员仍不知道症状为什么会再次出现。哪句话最恰当地说明了这一局限？

1. Researchers still have unanswerable questions about why the symptoms return.
2. Researchers have already answered every question about why the symptoms return.
3. Researchers still have unanswered questions about why the symptoms return.

用括号中的词完成嵌入式疑问：Scientists are studying ____. (why / some volcanoes / erupt suddenly)

The exact mechanism is still unclear. 哪个句子最适合把说明转向已经确定的事实？

1. For example, the exact mechanism is still unclear.
2. Similarly, we may wonder whether sunlight affects the body.
3. However, we do know that sunlight helps the body produce vitamin D.

请用 all play a role，并加上必要的介词，完成句子：Good soil, water, and sunlight ____ healthy plant growth.

阅读这两句英文，并选择 In particular 的作用：Several things can make a room quieter. In particular, thick curtains can reduce outside noise.

1. 它把厚窗帘选作一个特别相关的例子。
2. 它表示窗帘位于某个特定的实际地点。
3. 它开始了一个与降低房间噪声无关的新话题。

以下哪一项能正确展开名词短语 medications used to reduce inflammation 中的 used to reduce inflammation？

1. that are reducing inflammation
2. that are used to reduce inflammation
3. that used to reduce inflammation

在这个科学语境中，哪种理解最符合 have been discovered to work with H. pylori？

1. 研究发现这些药物和 H. pylori 会共同作用并影响结果。
2. 研究人员使用 H. pylori 来生产这些药物。
3. 这些药物有意与 H. pylori 合作。

哪一句能自然表达“米娅摔倒后令人担心，但最后没事”？

1. After the fall, Mia ended up being fine.
2. After the fall, Mia ended up to be fine.
3. After the fall, Mia ended being fine up.

请用 albeit 和形容词 expensive 完成句子：The camera was reliable, ____.

在本句中，a course of antibiotics 是什么意思？

1. 一次服用的抗生素剂量
2. 一门教授抗生素知识的课程
3. 在规定时间内完成的整个抗生素疗程

哪个短语最适合补全句子，并表示“电动汽车使用的电池”？These batteries are similar to ___ in electric cars.

1. the ones used
2. the one used
3. the ones using

在例句中，To be treated by simple antibiotics 起什么语法作用？

1. 整个不定式短语是 is 的主语。
2. 它说明另一个动作的目的。
3. 它发出使用抗生素的命令。

例句中的 a modern triumph 是什么意思？

1. 疾病本身取得的一场胜利
2. 没有特别意义的普通治疗
3. 现代医疗中的一项重大成就

在这段讲解中，'Marshall's work also reminded us' 起什么作用？

1. 它把内容从一个具体故事转向更普遍的启示。
2. 它紧急提醒人们有一个约会。
3. 它引入一个与内容无关的新人物。

'The project was not always smooth' 是什么意思？

1. 项目中制作的某件东西表面很粗糙。
2. 项目从来没有任何时候进展顺利。
3. 项目遇到过一些困难，不过有些阶段可能进展顺利。

“your proverbial and sometimes literal gut” 在这句话中产生了什么效果？

1. 它声称消化系统可以自行做决定。
2. 它把直觉这一概念与真实的消化系统联系在一起。
3. 它表示应该始终忽略科学证据，只相信本能。