肾结石是如何形成的？ - Arash Shadman：英语精读讲义

请用表示“在所有有正式记录的案例中”的目标两词表达完成句子：This was the driest spring ____.

哪句话表示包裹的总重量超过五千克？

1. The package weighs exactly five kilograms.
2. The package weighs five kilograms more than the old one.
3. The package weighs more than five kilograms.

用表示“从中心横向测量”的两个英文单词补全句子：The circular sign is 60 cm ____.

哪句话表示这个气球大约和西瓜一样大？

1. They saw a balloon made from a watermelon.
2. They saw a balloon inside a watermelon.
3. They saw a balloon the size of a watermelon.

哪个句子正确使用了“形容词 + to 不定式”结构来评价取出某物这一动作？

1. The splinter was painfully remove.
2. The splinter was painful to remove.
3. The splinter was pain to removing.

哪个短语中的 mass 表示由物质聚成的一个整体？

1. a Mass at the cathedral
2. the mass of the planet
3. a tangled mass of roots

用 consist of 的正确形式完成句子：The emergency kit ____ a flashlight, water, and a first-aid pack.

用 get too high 的正确形式完成句子：If the water levels ____, the road may flood.

在化学语境的句子“The solution is basic.”中，basic 是什么意思？

1. 它很容易理解。
2. 它具有碱性。
3. 它只包含入门信息。

请用本课的过程短语完成这个新的科学句子：As seawater evaporates, salt particles may ____.

请用 unless 和 repair 的被动形式完成警告句：____ the leak ____, the damage will spread.

哪个句子正确表示变化在一段时间内逐渐发生？

1. The paint slowly faded over several months.
2. The paint slowly faded at several months.
3. The paint slowly faded on several months.

选择用 -ing 短语自然说明前一事件结果的句子。

1. The storm damaged several power lines, left hundreds of homes without electricity.
2. The storm damaged several power lines, leaves hundreds of homes without electricity.
3. The storm damaged several power lines, leaving hundreds of homes without electricity.

用高亮表达的正确形式完成句子：Electric vehicles ____ about 15% of new car sales.

用 be made of 的正确形式完成句子：These laboratory containers ____ glass.

用 can be caused by 完成句子：This skin irritation ____ an allergic reaction.

请用 can result from 完成句子：Some headaches ____ dehydration.

请用 go undetected 完成句子：A tiny leak can ____ for months before anyone notices it.

哪句话表示图书馆会一直开放到最后一位访客离开时？

1. The library will close before the last visitor leaves.
2. The library will stay open until the last visitor leaves.
3. The library will open after the last visitor leaves.

请用表示“穿过中间空间”的词和表示“进入目的地”的词完成路径：The train travels ____ the tunnel and ____ the station.

本句中的 urinary tract 是什么意思？

1. 尿液流经的器官和通道
2. 仅指储存尿液的膀胱
3. 用于追踪患者行动的路线

哪一项最符合这个句子片段中 nerve endings 的含义？

1. 一个关于神经的故事中的最后情节
2. 贯穿全身的完整神经
3. 可以接收或传递信号的神经末端部分

哪句话既自然使用了科学语境中的搭配，又描述了极其剧烈的疼痛？

1. The damaged nerves transmit excruciating pain signals to the brain.
2. The damaged nerves mail excruciating pain signals to the brain.
3. The damaged nerves transmit mildly uncomfortable signals to the brain.

使用 send 的过去式 + the boxes + sliding 完成句子：The sudden stop ____ across the bus floor.

使用 can be accompanied by symptoms of 完成这句正式的医学描述：This reaction ____ swelling and itching.

使用 a burning sensation while urinating 完成这句临床症状描述：The patient reported ____.

请使用 tall 和 reach，按 adjective + enough + to + verb 结构完成句子：Leo is ____ the top shelf.

请使用 block the flow of 完成句子：A pile of leaves can ____ water in the drain.

在这句话中，create an infection or backflow 是什么意思？

1. 生成健康的肾脏组织，并改善尿液流动。
2. 引发感染，或使尿液朝错误方向流动。
3. 让所有液体都停止在体内流动。

用表示“需要进入身体的治疗”的目标表达完成句子：Most mild cases do not ____.

使用本课结构 less than + 数值和单位 + in diameter，完成表示“严格小于3厘米”的句子：The button is ____.

哪句话表示非常小的肾结石可能无需医疗干预就自行排出体外？

1. Very small kidney stones may pass out of the body on their own.
2. Very small kidney stones may be removed from the body during a procedure.
3. A patient may pass out while the kidney stones remain in the body.

用括号中单词的正确形式完成英文句子：During hot weather, doctors often ____ more water. (recommend, drink)

使用 speed + object + along 结构和括号中的词完成英文句子：Extra staff can ____. (the review process)

medications like alpha blockers 中的 like 起什么作用？

1. 它把 like 用作表示“喜欢”的动词。
2. 它把 alpha blockers 作为一种药物类别的例子。
3. 它表示 alpha blockers 是唯一可能使用的药物。

使用括号中的动词，以 help by + -ing 补全句子：Thick curtains can ____ outside light. (block)

用 make it easier for 的正确形式完成句子：The new ramp ____ wheelchair users to enter the building.

在本句中，potassium citrate 指什么？

1. 它是输送尿液的管道的另一个名称。
2. 它是结石大小的计量单位。
3. 它是一种药物或化合物的名称。

用表示“使固体进入溶液”的目标动词完成句子：A special treatment can ____ the mineral deposits over time.

使用 remove 构成 by + -ing 短语来表示方法：The filter improves air quality ____ dust from the air.

用表示“大约上限”的目标三词短语完成句子：The hike can take ____ six hours.

哪一句自然地使用 pulverize + 宾语 + with + 手段来描述彻底粉碎？

1. The machine breaks the dry clay with high-pressure jets.
2. The machine pulverizes the dry clay with high-pressure jets.
3. The machine pulverizes the dry clay for high-pressure jets.

哪一项最准确地说明了“extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy”？

1. 一种利用从体外发出的聚焦冲击波打碎结石的治疗
2. 一种测量耳内声音的影像检查
3. 一种总是通过大切口取出结石的手术

在“high-intensity pulses of focused ultrasonic energy”中，哪个词是整个短语的中心名词？

1. focused
2. energy
3. pulses
4. intensity

请用 aimed directly at 完成句子：The narrow beam was ____ the marked spot.

These combined forces 在这段说明中起什么作用？

1. 它表示前面的作用各自发生，没有产生共同结果。
2. 它引入了一种之前完全没有讨论过的新力量。
3. 它把前文提到的多种作用汇总为下一个结果的一个原因。

用表示变化结果的词完成句子：The machine crushed the ice ____ small pieces.

在这句话中，zapping a stone with sound 是什么意思？

1. 它表示结石会自然发出很大的声音。
2. 它用非正式的方式描述用声波能量处理并击碎结石。
3. 它明确表示用电来处理结石。

哪句话表示严寒天气会降低设备的效率，但没有说设备会完全停止工作？

1. The device doesn't work if the weather is very cold.
2. The device doesn't work as well if the weather is very cold.
3. The device works just as well if the weather is very cold.

用 called 引出专业名称：A small device ____ a sensor detects movement.

哪一句正确使用了 can + 被动语态 + 表目的的 to 不定式？

1. A filter can be placed in the tank for clean the water.
2. A filter can be placed in the tank to clean the water.
3. A filter can place in the tank to clean the water.

哪一句中的 deliver 与 can deliver laser pulses 里的技术含义相同？

1. The actor can deliver the final line with great emotion.
2. The fiber can deliver laser pulses to the treatment area.
3. The courier can deliver the parcel this afternoon.

现在用代词 it 指代一大块巧克力。哪句话正确使用了 break up？

1. The cook can break it into up small pieces.
2. The cook can break it up into small pieces.
3. The cook can break up it into small pieces.

哪句话正确表达“医生可能通过手术移除受损组织”？

1. The damaged tissue may be surgical removing.
2. The damaged tissue may surgically remove.
3. The damaged tissue may be surgically removed.

请用本课的准确短语完成句子：The surgeon inserted the camera ____ near the knee.

What about just avoiding kidney stones in the first place? 的主要语篇作用是什么？

1. 它结束话题，并且不提出其他方向。
2. 它询问肾结石在身体中的具体位置。
3. 它把话题从治疗肾结石转向预防肾结石。

哪句话中的 in the first place 表示在问题发生前就加以预防？

1. Better insulation can stop the pipes from freezing in the first place.
2. At first, the pipes seemed fine.
3. The team finished in first place.

用本课中的两个词表达完成句子：Some runners are ____ developing knee pain.

请用本讲解中表示“喝大量且足够的水”的 -ing 短语完成句子：The nurse recommended ____ during the heat wave.

请用能够指代前面整个行动的关系词完成句子：He apologized immediately, ____ calmed everyone down.

用表示“逐渐积累并形成结果”的目标表达补全句子：Over time, mineral deposits can ____ hard lumps.

用 be high in 结构和正确的 be 动词形式补全句子：These crackers ____ sodium.

请使用 advise 和 limit 的 -ing 形式完成句子：Doctors may ____ sugary drinks.

哪个句子正确使用 even though，先引出一个事实，再给出不符合预期的结果？

1. Even though of the medicine's bitter taste, Mia took it.
2. Even though the bitter medicine, Mia took it.
3. Even though the medicine tasted bitter, Mia took it.

哪个句子最清楚地用 actually 引出与前面明确说出的预期相反的结果？

1. I actually checked the instructions twice.
2. Many people expect the task to be difficult, but it can actually be quite simple.
3. The task is actually quite simple.

用 bind to 的正确形式完成句子：This material cleans the water by ____ harmful chemicals.

哪句话正确使用了 before 从句，表示过滤器阻止颗粒进入发动机？

1. The filter catches the particles before can they enter the engine.
2. The filter catches the particles before them can enter the engine.
3. The filter catches the particles before they can enter the engine.

请使用表示强调的 do 和 end up with 完成句子：If you ____ a flat tire, call for help.

当某人用 You're not alone 安慰对方时，这句话最可能是什么意思？

1. 其他人也有过类似经历，所以你不必觉得只有自己如此。
2. 现在一定有人和你待在同一个房间里。
3. 你的问题独一无二，没有人能理解。

哪句话最适合用“先证据、后结论”的谨慎框架报告初步发现？

1. The early data prove that the new schedule will eliminate all delays.
2. The new schedule definitely eliminates delays, although no data have been collected.
3. The early data suggest that the new schedule may reduce delays.

请用 won't、break 的被动形式和 anytime soon 完成句子：No runner has come close to this sprint record, so it probably ____.