害怕开口说英语？ ⏲️ 6分钟英语：英语精读讲义

Six Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com 的《Six Minute English》。

Hello and welcome to Six Minute English from BBC Learning English.

大家好，欢迎收听 BBC Learning English 的《Six Minute English》。

I'm Pippa.

我是 Pippa。

And I'm Beth.

我是 Beth。

Have you ever been scared of speaking in English? 語法

你曾经害怕说英语吗？

In this episode, we're talking about why speaking in a foreign language can be so stressful. 講解

在本期节目中，我们将讨论为什么说外语会让人感到如此有压力。

So, Pippa, do you ever get nervous speaking in a different language? 短語搭配

那么，Pippa，你说外语时会紧张吗？

Yes, I learned French when I was younger and I was actually quite good at it, I think. 短語搭配

会的，我小时候学过法语，而且我觉得自己学得还挺好的。

But I was really nervous when I was speaking French. 短語搭配

但在说法语时，我确实非常紧张。

How about you? 語氣意圖

你呢？

Yeah, I've always felt like that with Spanish. 短語搭配

是的，我讲西班牙语时也有同样的感觉。

I am scared to speak because

我害怕开口说，是因为

I don't want to make mistakes, 短語搭配

我不想犯错，

even though I know it's okay to make mistakes. 語法

尽管我知道犯错也没关系。

Well, in this episode of Six Minute English,

那么，在本期《Six Minute English》节目中，

we'll be hearing about how to feel less nervous when you speak English. 表達脈絡

我们将了解如何在说英语时减轻紧张感。

And as usual, we'll be learning some useful new words and phrases. 短語搭配

像往常一样，我们会学习一些实用的新单词和短语。

You can practice these with the quiz and worksheet on our website, bbclearningenglish.com. 短語搭配

你可以通过我们网站 bbclearningenglish.com 上的小测验和练习表来进行练习。

But first, I have a question for you, Pippa. 表達脈絡

不过首先，Pippa，我要问你一个问题。

So, English has around 1 million words,

英语大约有100万个单词，

but on average, 短語搭配

但平均而言，

how many words does a typical English speaker use in daily conversation?

一个典型的英语母语者在日常对话中会使用多少个单词呢？

Is it A, between 2,000 and 3,000?

是 A，2000 到 3000 个之间？

B, between 20,000 and 30,000?

B，20000 到 30000 个之间？

Or C, between 200,000 and 300,000?

还是 C，200000 到 300000 个之间？

I'm going to say A, 2,000 to 3,000. 語氣意圖

我猜是 A，2000 到 3000 个。

Okay, well, we will find out later in the program. 短語動詞

好的，稍后我们会在节目中揭晓答案。

Now, Pippa, you said you found it stressful speaking in French, 語法

刚才，Pippa，你说你发现说法语很有压力，

even though you are quite good at it.

即使你学得很好。

Now, someone else who has had this experience is Hanan Razek.

现在，有同样经历的还有 Hanan Razek。

Hanan is a journalist at BBC Arabic

Hanan 是 BBC Arabic 的一名记者，

and also host of the podcast Beating Speaking Anxiety. 用詞

也是播客《Beating Speaking Anxiety》的主持人。

Here she is telling BBC Learning English presenter Georgie about speaking English. 表達脈絡

接下来，她会向 BBC Learning English 节目主持人 Georgie 讲述自己说英语的经历。

My English was actually pretty good, 用詞

我的英语其实相当好，

but having conversations with people, 語法

但是在和人交谈时，

I found it really difficult.

我发现这真的很困难。

So, when I first joined the BBC,

所以，我刚加入 BBC 时，

the Learning English team made an assessment of my English level, 短語搭配

Learning English 团队对我的英语水平进行了评估，

which they used to do for all new joiners 講解

他们以前都是这么对所有新员工进行评估的，

to see if they need any help or courses. 短語搭配

看看他们是否需要任何帮助或课程。

My results were pretty good and I was fluent,

我的成绩相当不错，而且口语流利，

but on that very same day, 表達脈絡

但就在同一天，

leaving the building and going to get some coffee,

我离开大楼去买咖啡，

I couldn't really understand what the barista was saying 語法

我完全听不懂咖啡师在说什么，

and I felt pretty nervous to order coffee 語法

在点咖啡时我感到非常紧张，

and was trying to stress every single word, 用詞

我试着重读每一个单词，

hoping that my grammar is correct and I am pronouncing the words right.

希望我的语法是正确的，发音也是准确的。

Yeah, I'm sure that's a situation lots of people can relate to. 短語搭配

是的，我相信这是很多人都能感同身受的情况。

Hanan's results on her English assessment were pretty good,

Hanan 在英语评估中的成绩相当好，

but she was still pretty nervous to speak in English,

但她开口说英语时仍然非常紧张，

for example, when ordering a coffee in English.

例如，用英语点咖啡的时候。

The modifier pretty means quite or a bit.

修饰语 pretty（相当，有些）表示“很”或“有一点”。

Georgie says that Hanan's experience is something that lots of people can relate to. 短語搭配

Georgie 说 Hanan 的经历会让很多人产生共鸣。

If you relate to a situation,

如果你对某个情况 relate to（产生共鸣），

you know what it feels like,

你就会明白那是种什么感觉，

usually because a similar thing has happened to you. 語法

通常是因为你遇到过类似的事情。

So, lots of people feel nervous speaking another language,

所以，很多人在说另一种语言时会感到紧张，

even if they're good at it, like Hanan. 語法

即使他们像 Hanan 一样说得很好。

We can call this speaking anxiety. 短語搭配

我们可以称之为 speaking anxiety（口语焦虑）。

Anxiety means an uncomfortable feeling 用詞

Anxiety（焦虑）指的是一种不舒服的感觉，

or worry about something that is happening

或对正在发生的

or could happen in the future.

或未来可能发生的事情的担忧。

So, why does so many people have anxiety about speaking a foreign language?

那么，为什么这么多人会对说外语产生焦虑呢？

Experts think it's connected to the beliefs we have about ourselves. 講解

专家认为这与我们对自己的信念有关。

Han Luo, professor of Chinese at Lafayette College in the United States,

美国 Lafayette College 的中文教授 Han Luo

explains more to BBC Learning English presenter Georgie.

向 BBC Learning English 节目主持人 Georgie 做了详细的解释。

You know, usually the beliefs that cause anxiety,

你知道，通常那些引起焦虑的信念，

especially severe anxiety, 用詞

特别是严重的焦虑，

are uh we call it irrational beliefs. 用詞

呃，我们称之为非理性信念（irrational beliefs）。

And also like some low self-perceptions, 用詞

还有像自我认知（self-perceptions）低，

um fear of negative evaluation, 用詞

嗯，害怕负面评价，

all those learner internal, you know, factors.

所有这些学习者内在的因素。

And Han says that learners worry about mistakes

Han 表示，学习者担心犯错

because they're scared of negative evaluation.

是因为他们害怕负面评价。

In other words, that people will judge them for their mistakes 講解

换句话说，他们担心别人会因为他们的错误而评判他们

and think badly of them. 短語搭配

并对他们产生不好的看法。

Han argues that irrational beliefs can make us anxious.

Han 认为非理性信念会让我们感到焦虑。

Irrational beliefs are beliefs that aren't based on things that are true. 短語搭配

Irrational beliefs（非理性信念）是指没有事实依据的信念。

They're not logical.

它们是不符合逻辑的。

Han says some people who have speaking anxiety have low self-perceptions.

Han 说一些有口语焦虑的人自我认知度较低。

Your self-perception is what you think about yourself. 用詞

Self-perception（自我认知）就是你对自己的看法。

Self-perception and irrational beliefs are both internal factors. 用詞

自我认知和非理性信念都是 internal factors（内在因素）。

They come from inside your head,

它们来自于你的头脑内部，

not from the people around you.

而不是你周围的人。

So, for example, when you speak your first language,

所以，比方说，当你说母语时，

you might feel confident and intelligent.

你可能会感到自信和聪明。

But when you speak in a new language, 表達脈絡

但是当你说一门新语言时，

you make mistakes and feel less confident. 語法

你会犯错并感到缺乏自信。

You can't show people what you're really like and this is frustrating. 用詞

你无法向别人展示真实的自己，这令人很沮丧。

But, as we tell people all the time at BBC Learning English,

不过，正如我们在 BBC Learning English 经常告诉大家的，

mistakes are normal.

犯错是很正常的。

You have to try to speak even though you make mistakes. 語法

即使会犯错，你也必须尝试开口说。

And mistakes can be a good thing.

而且犯错也可能是一件好事。

They can help us learn.

它们能帮助我们学习。

And if you want more tips to improve your speaking, 短語搭配

如果你想了解更多提高口语技巧的建议，

listen to the Beating Speaking Anxiety podcast.

请收听《Beating Speaking Anxiety》播客。

There's a link in the notes below this episode. 文化背景

本集节目的下方说明里有相关链接。

But Beth, I think it's time for the answer to your quiz question. 短語搭配

好了 Beth，我想该公布测验题的答案了。

Yes, I asked you,

是的，我刚才问你的问题是，

how many words does the average English speaker use in daily communication?

普通英语母语者在日常交流中会使用多少个单词？

The answer is 20000 to 30,000.

答案是 20000 到 30000 个。

That's quite a lot.

那是相当多的。

Yeah, that's loads. 用詞

是的，非常多。

Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned. 表達脈絡

好了，让我们来回顾一下我们学到的词汇。

Pretty can be used as a modifier to mean quite or a bit.

Pretty 可作为修饰语，表示“相当”或“有点”。

If you relate to a person or situation,

如果你对某人或某事 relate to（产生共鸣），

you understand them, usually because you've experienced something similar.

你就能理解他们，通常是因为你有过类似的经历。

Anxiety is feeling uncomfortable or worried about something that is happening

Anxiety（焦虑）是指对正在发生的事情

or could happen in the future.

或未来可能发生的事情感到不舒服或担忧。

Irrational beliefs are beliefs about something that is not true.

Irrational beliefs（非理性信念）是指关于某事不真实的信念。

They're not logical.

它们缺乏逻辑。

Self-perception is the way you see yourself.

Self-perception（自我认知）是你对自己的看法。

And internal means inside the body or mind.

而 internal（内在的）是指身体或精神的内部。

Once again, our six minutes are up. 習語

我们六分钟的时间又到了。

But if you'd like to find out more about speaking anxiety, 語氣意圖

但是，如果你想了解更多关于口语焦虑的信息，

then head over to our website, bbclearningenglish.com, 短語動詞

请访问我们的网站 bbclearningenglish.com，

to find our Beating Speaking Anxiety series.

找到我们的《Beating Speaking Anxiety》系列节目。

There are podcasts about the things we find scary when speaking a different language 語法

里面有关于我们在讲不同语言时感到害怕的事物的播客，

and videos with tips to help you feel more confident with speaking. 短語搭配

还有帮助你增强口语自信的带提示的视频。

Thanks for joining us and goodbye.

感谢您的收听，再见。

Goodbye.

再见。

Six Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com 的《Six Minute English》。