如何使用关联连词——英语微课堂：英语精读讲义

Dropping a beat.

打个节拍。

Boots and cats,

Boots and cats,

and boots and cats,

and boots and cats,

both and either or

both and， either or

da da da da da

哒哒哒哒哒

and so much more.

还有更多。

Yeah.

耶。

Unfortunately,

不幸的是，

I'm not going to teach you how to rap today, 表達脈絡

今天我不教你们说唱，

but we are going to talk about correlative conjunctions.

但我们要讲讲关联连词。

Correlative conjunctions are great tools that will help you link two similar elements together. 講解

关联连词是把两个相似元素连接起来的好工具。

So, today we're going to review

所以今天我们要复习

both and

both and

either or

either or

whether or

whether or

and neither nor.

以及 neither nor。

They're the dynamic duos of English. 習語

它们是英语中的‘黄金搭档’。

Just think of salt and pepper 表達脈絡

就像盐和胡椒，

or ketchup and fries.

或是番茄酱和薯条。

First, let's talk about both and 講解

首先，我们来谈谈 both and，

perfect to link two similar or positive elements together.

它非常适合连接两个相似或肯定的元素。

For example,

例如，

both SZA and Macklemore are great singers. 語法

SZA 和 Macklemore 都是（both...and）很棒的歌手。

Why choose one when you can enjoy both of their music. 語氣意圖

既然能欣赏他们两人的音乐，干嘛只选一个呢？

Number two, either or. 語法

第二，either or。

Now,

现在，

this is all about decisions and choices. 表達脈絡

这完全关乎决定和选择。

Okay, kids,

好了，孩子们，

we can either vacation in the Bahamas 語法

我们可以去巴哈马度假，

or in Hawaii.

或者去夏威夷。

It's all about options.

这就是在做选择。

Next up, neither nor. 語法

接下来是 neither nor。

Just think of it as the complete opposite of either or. 表達脈絡

可以把它看作 either or 的完全反面。

Here, we're linking two negative elements or items together.

在这里，我们要连接两个否定的元素或事物。

Oh my god!

我的天哪！

Are you going to go out with him? 短語動詞

你要和他约会吗？

Girl, he's neither cute nor funny. 語法

女孩，他既不可爱也不幽默（neither...nor）。

Why would I go out with him?

我为什么要和他约会？

Last up, whether or. 語法

最后是 whether or。

Now, this is also about options and

这也是关于选择的，而且

you can use it in decision making process. 短語搭配

你可以在做决定的过程中使用它。

Okay, let's review a couple of rules that you need to know

好的，我们来复习几条必须了解的规则，

in order to use correlative conjunctions correctly. 語法

以便正确使用关联连词。

Number one, balance similar elements. 短語搭配

第一，平衡相似的元素。

When using correlative conjunctions,

在使用关联连词时，

you're going to link two similar elements together,

你要把两个相似的元素连接起来，

whether they're nouns, adjectives, 語法

无论是名词、形容词、

different clauses, etc.

不同的从句等等。

Ensure that the elements you're connecting are parallel in structure. 語法

确保你连接的元素在结构上是平行的。

Don't say

不要说

you can either call me or sending a text 語法

you can either call me or sending a text

because the elements here are not parallel in structure.

因为这里的元素结构不平行。

So, we used call and that's in the infinitive form 用詞

我们用了 call，这是动词原形，

and then sending and that's in the gerund form.

然后用了 sending，这是动名词形式。

That doesn't work.

这行不通。

So, you should say

所以，你应该说

you can either call or send a text. 語法

you can either call or send a text.

Both elements here are in the infinitive form,

这里的两个元素都是动词原形，

call and send.

call 和 send。

Number two, use both parts of the correlative conjunctions. 語法

第二，使用关联连词的两个部分。

Correlative conjunctions come in pairs,

关联连词是成对出现的，

so both elements have to be present in the sentence.

所以句子中必须同时出现这两个元素。

For example,

例如，

both the book and the movie were excellent 語法

both the book and the movie were excellent（书和电影都很棒）

and neither the book nor the movie were any good.

以及 neither the book nor the movie were any good（书和电影都不好看）。

Number three, ensure subject-verb agreement. 語法

第三，确保主谓一致。

Verbs in correlative conjunctions typically agree with the nouns closest to the verb. 語法

关联连词中的动词通常与最靠近它的名词保持一致。

This is also known as the rule of proximity. 用詞

这也被称为就近原则。

Now, I said typically 表達脈絡

我说‘通常’，

because the correlative conjunction both and does not follow that rule.

是因为关联连词 both and 不遵循这个规则。

Both the cat and the dog are cute. 語法

Both the cat and the dog are cute.（猫和狗都很可爱。）

So, here cat and dog are both in the singular form,

所以，这里的 cat 和 dog 都是单数形式，

however, we're going to use the verb are. 表達脈絡

然而，我们要使用动词 are。

When using both and, 語法

使用 both and 时，

the verb is always going to be in the plural form,

动词总是用复数形式，

regardless whether the nouns in the sentence are in the plural or the singular form.

无论句子中的名词是复数还是单数。

So,

所以，

now that we're done with both and, 表達脈絡

既然我们讲完了 both and，

let's talk about the rule of proximity.

我们来谈谈就近原则。

It's when the verb in the sentence agrees with the subject closest to it. 語法

这就是句子中的动词与最靠近它的主语保持一致。

Either the cat or the dog is going to get adopted today. 語法

Either the cat or the dog is going to get adopted today.（不是猫就是狗今天会被收养。）

Neither the teacher nor the student is available for the meeting. 語法

Neither the teacher nor the student is available for the meeting.（老师和学生都没空开会。）

Whether the manager or the employee is responsible for that mistake remains unclear. 語法

Whether the manager or the employee is responsible for that mistake remains unclear.（究竟是经理还是员工对那个错误负责仍不清楚。）

Correlative conjunctions add structure and pizazz to your sentences. 短語搭配

关联连词能为你的句子增添层次感和吸引力。

They're tools for clearer and more effective communication. 表達脈絡

它们是使沟通更清晰、更有效的工具。

Whether you choose to use them or not, 語氣意圖

无论你是否选择使用它们，

that's up to you.

这取决于你。

But but please do. 語氣意圖

但是，请一定要用。

Please do.

务必试试。

And do it in the comments.

并在评论区用起来。

Okay?

好吗？

See you.

再见。