麦当劳 vs 汉堡王：有什么区别？快餐店大比拼：英语精读讲义

The 4th of July has just passed,

7月4日刚刚过去，

a celebration of American independence

这是一个庆祝美国独立的节日，

and also a day

也是

on which copious amounts of beef patties 語法

大量消耗牛肉饼

are consumed in the United States.

的美国节日。

A lesser-known celebration comes on May 28th,

而5月28日则是一个鲜为人知的庆祝日，

a day known as National Hamburger Day.

这一天被称为“全国汉堡日”。

While it may seem slightly over the top to some people 習語

虽然在一些人看来可能有些夸张，

that Americans would dedicate a day to a sandwich,

美国人竟然为了一个三明治专门设立一天，

the US's love of the hamburger

但美国对汉堡的热爱

shouldn't be underestimated. 語法

绝对不容小觑。

It's reported that 50 billion burgers

据报道，美国每年要吃掉

are eaten a year in the US,

500亿个汉堡，

which means the average American

这意味着平均每个美国人

eats three burgers a week.

每周要吃三个汉堡。

According to one statistic,

根据一项统计数据，

the cities of Seattle, Philadelphia and Boston

西雅图、费城和波士顿

are the domains of the country's biggest burger devourers,

是全美汉堡消费量最大的城市，

with burgers in the US

在美国，汉堡

accounting for 40% of all sandwiches sold. 短語動詞

占所有三明治销量的40%。

As for which fast food restaurant 表達脈絡

至于哪家快餐店

wins the battle of the burger, 習語

能在汉堡大战中胜出，

today we'll find out

今天我们将一探究竟，

in this episode of the Infographics Show,

就在本期 Infographics Show：

McDonald's versus Burger King.

麦当劳 vs 汉堡王。

Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell button

别忘了订阅并点击小铃铛，

so that you can be part of our notification squad.

这样你就能成为我们通知小分队的一员。

Let us start by looking at one of capitalism's 短語搭配

让我们先来看看资本主义历史上

most controversial success stories, McDonald's.

最具争议的成功故事之一：麦当劳。

The story begins in San Bernardino,

故事始于圣贝纳迪诺，

California, 1940,

加利福尼亚州，1940年，

when the McDonald brothers,

当时麦当劳兄弟，

Richard and Maurice,

理查德和莫里斯，

opened their first restaurant.

开了他们的第一家餐厅。

The brothers were quick to realize

兄弟俩很快意识到，

there was a niche in the restaurant business 短語搭配

餐饮业中存在一个市场空白：

for quickly served meals.

快速提供餐食。

To achieve this,

为了实现这一目标，

they created the Speedy Service System,

他们创造了“快速服务系统”，

which helped them make burgers

这帮助他们制作汉堡

at a rapid rate.

以极快的速度。

The fast food industry was born.

快餐业由此诞生。

It wasn't until sales-minded Ray Kroc 語法

直到具有销售头脑的雷·克罗克

got in on the act in 1955 習語

在1955年加入其中，

that McDonald's expanded across the nation

麦当劳才在全国范围内扩张，

with Kroc eventually buying the brothers out. 短語動詞

最终克罗克买断了兄弟俩的股份。

He'd sold 1 million burgers by 1958,

到1958年，他卖出了100万个汉堡，

each costing around 15 cents.

每个售价约15美分。

In just 10 years,

在短短10年内，

Kroc helped expand the McDonald's empire

克罗克帮助麦当劳帝国扩展到了

to 700 branches throughout the US.

遍布全美的700家分店。

Burger King wasn't far behind. 習語

汉堡王也紧随其后。

After seeing the success of burgers

在看到汉堡

served as fast food,

作为快餐大获成功后，

the Florida business pairing of Keith Kramer

佛罗里达的商业搭档基思·克莱默

and his wife's uncle, Matthew Burns,

以及他妻子的叔叔马修·伯恩斯，

got the idea to create an Insta broiler. 短語搭配

萌生了发明“快速烤肉机”（Insta broiler）的想法。

The two opened restaurants in the mid-50s

两人在50年代中期开办了餐厅，

called Insta Burger Kings,

名叫 Insta Burger Kings，

and the company was later bought

这家公司后来被

by franchisees James McLamore

加盟商詹姆斯·麦克拉莫

and David R. Edgerton.

和大卫·R·埃哲顿收购。

The name was changed to Burger King,

名字随后改成了汉堡王，

and there were 250 Burger Kings

到1967年被出售给

in the US by the time it was sold

皮尔斯伯里公司（Pillsbury Company）时，

to the Pillsbury Company in 1967.

全美已有250家汉堡王餐厅。

Head to head, 習語

正面交锋来看，

there is no doubt that in terms of quantity, 表達脈絡

毫无疑问，在数量上，

McDonald's outguns Burger King in every way. 習語

麦当劳在各个方面都碾压汉堡王。

We'll come to quality later.

质量问题我们稍后再谈。

As of January 2017,

截至2017年1月，

there were 36,899 McDonald's restaurants

共有36899家麦当劳餐厅，

in over 100 countries

遍布100多个国家，

serving around 69 million customers daily

每天为约6900万名顾客提供服务，

and employing over 375,000 people.

并雇佣了超过37.5万名员工。

In the US alone,

仅在美国，

there are over 14,000 McDonald's restaurants,

就有超过1.4万家麦当劳餐厅，

making it the second biggest chain in the US.

使其成为美国第二大连锁餐厅。

Its revenue for 2016

其2016年的收入

was over 24 billion dollars,

超过了240亿美元，

ahead of restaurant chain giants Starbucks and Subway.

领先于餐饮连锁巨头星巴克和赛百味。

Burger King was in fourth place.

汉堡王则排在第四位。

Subway, by the way, 表達脈絡

顺便说一下，赛百味

has the biggest global reach

拥有最广的全球覆盖率

of all fast food giants

在所有快餐巨头中，

with a total of 44,717

共拥有44717家

restaurants worldwide.

遍布全球的门店。

McDonald's is in second place

麦当劳位居第二，

with Starbucks third

星巴克排名第三，

at 25,085 global outlets

在全球拥有25085家门店，

and KFC fourth at 20,604 outlets.

肯德基以20604家门店位居第四。

By comparison, 表達脈絡

相比之下，

Burger King has around 15,000 locations worldwide,

汉堡王在全球大约有1.5万个门店，

located in 98 countries.

分布在98个国家。

It serves 11 million people per day globally

它每天为全球1100万人提供服务，

and employs 34,248 people.

并雇佣了34248名员工。

Burger King's revenue for 2016 was just over 4 billion dollars.

汉堡王2016年的收入仅略高于40亿美元。

If we look at output,

如果我们看看产出，

McDonald's is the busier of the two restaurants. 語法

麦当劳是这两家餐厅中更繁忙的一家。

In total,

总的来说，

McDonald's has sold over 300 billion burgers

麦当劳已经卖出了超过3000亿个汉堡，

with Americans consuming over a billion pounds of beef

美国人每年在该餐厅消耗

in a year at the restaurant.

超过10亿磅的牛肉。

This is equal to about 5 and 1/2 million heads of cattle.

这相当于大约550万头牛。

While McDonald's doesn't release its sales figures for each product,

虽然麦当劳没有公布每种产品的销售数据，

most pundits believe its Big Mac to be its most popular burger.

但大多数专家认为巨无霸是其最受欢迎的汉堡。

It's been said about 550 million

据说每年大约有5.5亿个

of these double decker sandwiches

这种双层汉堡

are sold every year.

被售出。

Fries are also on demand 語法

薯条的需求量也很大，

with an estimated 9 million pounds of McDonald's fries

据估计每天有900万磅麦当劳薯条

sold every day.

被售出。

Feeding millions of people daily means maintaining huge stocks

每天要喂饱数百万人意味着要维持巨大的库存，

and relying on vast amounts of imports.

并依赖大量的进口。

McDonald's is currently the biggest buyer of beef,

麦当劳目前是最大的牛肉买家，

pork, potatoes, lettuce, and tomatoes in the world

同时也是全球最大的猪肉、土豆、生菜和西红柿买家，

and the second biggest purchaser of chicken after KFC.

并且是仅次于肯德基的第二大鸡肉采购商。

It also sells over 1 billion cups of coffee each year

它每年还售出超过10亿杯咖啡，

with half that amount being sold in the US alone. 語法

其中一半仅在美国本土售出。

Again,

同样，

there are no numbers released by the restaurant,

汉堡王也没有公布具体数字，

but it's thought Burger King's best-selling item

但人们认为汉堡王多年来最畅销的产品

over the years has been its iconic Whopper.

一直都是其标志性的皇堡。

This could be changing with reports surfacing in 2016

不过这一情况可能正在改变，随着2016年的报道浮出水面，

that the BK hot dog has become its best-selling item

报道称汉堡王的热狗自推出以来，

since its introduction.

就成了其最畅销的产品。

In its bid to catch up to McDonald's, 短語動詞

为了赶超麦当劳，

Burger King has introduced a slew of new items over the years, 短語搭配

汉堡王多年来推出了大量新产品，

although not all items have gone down too well with customers. 短語動詞

尽管并非所有产品都受到了顾客的好评。

One of the latest moves to sway customers

为了吸引顾客，最近采取的举措之一

happened in New York City

发生在纽约市，

when one franchise applied for a liquor license.

当时一家加盟店申请了卖酒牌照。

Burger King is reportedly looking to expand the booze

据报道，汉堡王正寻求在更多地点推广

with a burger option in more locations.

“汉堡配酒”的选择。

Still,

尽管如此，

Burger King's individual restaurants are said to earn only half 語法

据说汉堡王的单店收入只有

as much as a McDonald's outlet.

麦当劳单店的一半。

The average McDonald's restaurant in the US in 2014

2014年，美国平均每家麦当劳餐厅

grossed around 2.6 million dollars in revenue

总收入约为260万美元，

compared to 1.2 million dollars in sales

相比之下，一家汉堡王餐厅的平均销售额

on average for a Burger King restaurant.

为120万美元。

Pundits put this down to more marketing dollars 短語動詞

专家将此归功于更多的营销资金

and faster service times,

和更快的服务时间，

as well as McDonald's having more choice

以及麦当劳为儿童和早餐需求者

for kids and breakfast seekers.

提供了更多的选择。

McDonald's gets it right in terms of quantity,

麦当劳在数量上稳操胜券，

but what about quality?

但质量方面呢？

Opinions differ regarding who has the best burger.

关于谁的汉堡最好，人们意见不一。

In 2016,

2016年，

Business Insider pitted McDonald's, Burger King, and Wendy's 短語動詞

《商业内幕》将麦当劳、汉堡王和温蒂汉堡的

signature burgers up against each other

招牌汉堡拿来进行对比，

with the result favoring the Big Mac over the Whopper 短語搭配

结果显示巨无霸优于皇堡，

and Wendy's Dave's Single Burger.

也优于温蒂的 Dave's 单层汉堡。

The same year,

同年，

a BuzzFeed article stated that Burger King had much tastier burgers,

BuzzFeed 的一篇文章称汉堡王的汉堡美味得多，

calling McDonald's sandwiches tasteless.

并直言麦当劳的汉堡索然无味。

It's horses for courses, 習語

正如俗话所说，

as the saying goes,

这叫“因马制宜”（各有所爱），

although we probably shouldn't speak about horses when talking about burgers.

虽然在谈论汉堡时我们可能不该提“马”。

It seems in general,

总体看来，

Americans prefer burgers from other chains

美国人更喜欢其他连锁店的汉堡，

in spite of what sales figures show us. 語法

尽管销售数据向我们展示了另一番景象。

A 2017 Harris poll put Virginia-based burger company Five Guys Burgers and Fries

2017年的哈里斯民意调查将总部位于弗吉尼亚州的 Five Guys

in the top spot for America's best burger,

列为美国最佳汉堡榜首，

with the next four places going to In-N-Out Burger,

接下来四个位置依次是 In-N-Out Burger、

Shake Shack, Wendy's, and Culver's.

Shake Shack、温蒂汉堡和 Culver's。

Burger King didn' even get into the top 10 list,

汉堡王甚至没能挤进前10名，

while McDonald's came in seventh place. 短語搭配

而麦当劳排在第7位。

Given all the negative press surrounding the fast food industry 語法

鉴于围绕快餐业的所有负面新闻

and its impact on health and the environment,

及其对健康和环境的影响，

one way to get ahead of your competitor 短語動詞

想要超越竞争对手，其中一个方法

would surely be to turn into a more reputable kind of restaurant.

绝对是转型成为一家信誉更好的餐厅。

When we compare the Big Mac with the Whopper,

当我们拿巨无霸和皇堡作比较时，

the latter could be said to be the less healthy choice. 講解

后者可以说是更不健康的选择。

The Big Mac has 530 calories

巨无霸含有530卡路里

and 27 grams of fat

和27克脂肪，

compared to 630 calories

相比之下皇堡含有630卡路里

and 38 grams of fat in the Whopper.

和38克脂肪。

One academic actually wrote a paper on the health differences of the two restaurants,

有位学者专门写了一篇关于这两家餐厅健康差异的论文，

taking into account all similar sandwich items. 短語搭配

将所有类似的三明治产品都考虑在内。

His conclusion was that there was no significant difference

他的结论是，两者并没有显著的区别，

in the amount of calories in McDonald's

麦当劳汉堡的卡路里含量

than in Burger King sandwiches,

和汉堡王的差不多，

and so consumers shouldn't bother to stress over

所以消费者没必要纠结

which restaurant is healthier.

哪家餐厅更健康。

If, however, you just don't give a damn, 習語

然而，如果你根本不在乎这些，

you might order the 770 calorie

你可能会点上一份770卡路里的

McDonald's Double Quarter Pounder

麦当劳双层四分之一磅

with Cheese or the Triple Whopper

芝士汉堡，或者三层皇堡，

that contains a staggering 1,020 calories. 用詞

它含有惊人的1020卡路里。

Both these burgers can't compare with Hardee's 2/3 pound

这两款汉堡都无法与哈迪斯（Hardee's）2/3磅重的

Monster Thick Burger,

怪物厚汉堡相提并论，

which contains 1,290 calories

它含有1290卡路里，

or about half the calories a man needs

大约是一个成年男性为了保持健康饮食

each day to maintain a healthy diet.

每天所需热量的一半。

Add to that a 750 plus calorie large shake 表達脈絡

再加上一杯超过750卡路里的大杯奶昔

and a 500 calorie bag of fries,

和一包500卡路里的薯条，

and it's easy to see why the burger-loving Americans 語法

很容易就能看出为什么热爱汉堡的美国人

are living through an obesity pandemic.

正在经历一场肥胖大流行。

Regarding environmental issues,

关于环境问题，

where should you eat if you are looking for a more ethical burger?

如果你想吃一个更讲求道德环保的汉堡，你应该去哪里？

The United Nations Environmental Program has called beef a climate-harmful meat,

联合国环境规划署曾称牛肉是一种危害气候的肉类，

a product which basically is the foundation of these two restaurants.

而这正是这两家餐厅生存的基石。

In terms of sustainability,

在可持续发展方面，

a 2016 report from the Harvard Business School said

2016年哈佛商学院的一份报告称，

McDonald's had made great strides in making itself 短語搭配

麦当劳在使自己成为

a more sustainable enterprise,

一个更具可持续性的企业方面取得了巨大进步，

while the report also said Burger King

而报告也指出汉堡王

had failed egregiously to do just that. 表達脈絡

在这方面做得极度失败。

McDonald's has also made more headway than Burger King 短語搭配

麦当劳也比汉堡王取得了更多进展，

in lessening antibiotics use for its meat products,

在其肉类产品中减少了抗生素的使用，

according to reports.

据报道。

As for who was the better employer,

至于谁是更好的雇主，

well, it's thought on average

嗯，人们普遍认为，平均而言，

McDonald's pays a fraction more to its employees 語法

麦当劳支付给员工的工资稍微多一点，

than Burger King,

相比于汉堡王，

but it's a negligible amount.

但差距微乎其微。

In response to American workers demanding

针对美国工人要求

a $15 an hour minimum wage,

15美元最低时薪的诉求，

former McDonald's CEO Ed Rensi

前麦当劳CEO艾德·伦西

was less than sympathetic, 語法

几乎没有任何同情心，

saying that the solution to such protests

称解决此类抗议的方法

was to replace workers with robots.

就是用机器人代替工人。

Burger King co-founder David Edgerton told Time Magazine

汉堡王联合创始人戴维·埃哲顿告诉《时代》杂志，

it wouldn't happen,

这不会发生，

or if it did, 語法

如果真的发生的话，

it would be the end of the small cheap hamburger.

那将是廉价小汉堡的终结。

We're talking about a lot of workers, too.

我们这里谈论的员工数量也非常庞大。

According to McDonald's own statistics,

根据麦当劳自己的统计，

one in every eight workers in the US 語法

在美国每八个工人中就有一个

has worked in one of its restaurants

曾在其某家餐厅

at some point in time.

工作过一段时间。

On a lighter note, 表達脈絡

轻松一点来说，

Burger King once asked McDonald's to come together

汉堡王曾提议麦当劳携手

for World Peace Day and create the McWhopper.

在世界和平日共同打造“麦皇堡”（McWhopper）。

McDonald's CEO Steve Easterbrook

麦当劳CEO史蒂夫·伊斯特布鲁克

rebuffed the peace offer,

回绝了这一和平提议，

stating "We love the intention,

表示：“我们很喜欢这个初衷，

but think our brands could do something bigger

但认为我们的品牌可以做些更大的事情

to make a difference." 短語搭配

来改变世界。”

In conclusion, 表達脈絡

总而言之，

it seems Burger King will remain playing catch-up, 習語

汉堡王似乎还将继续扮演追赶者的角色，

given that other than Santa Claus, 語法

毕竟除了圣诞老人之外，

Ronald McDonald is the most recognizable

麦当劳叔叔是最具辨识度的

fictional icon to US children.

美国儿童心目中的虚构人物。

So,

那么，

which fast food establishment do you prefer?

你更喜欢哪家快餐店呢？

Let us know in the comments.

请在评论区告诉我们。

And if you liked this video,

如果你喜欢这个视频，

be sure to check out our other video,

一定要去看看我们的另一个视频，

"What A Dollar Gets You Around the World."

《一美元在世界各地能买到什么》。

Thanks for watching,

感谢观看，

and as always,

像往常一样，

don't forget to like, share, and subscribe.

别忘了点赞、分享和订阅。

See you next time.

我们下次再见。