你每天都在做的违法事情：英语精读讲义

We've probably all broken the law at some point in our lives.

在我们的一生中，大概每个人都曾在某个时刻犯过法。

Even the people that proudly call themselves law-abiding citizens 用詞

即便是那些自豪地称自己为守法公民的人，

may have accidentally driven through a red light

也可能不小心闯过红灯，

or not so accidentally stolen candy as a child.

或者在小时候“不那么不小心”地偷过糖果。

It's thought about one in three Americans have some kind of police record

据认为大约三分之一的美国人有某种形式的警方记录，

and the figure is about the same in the UK.

而在英国，这一比例也差不多。

Research shows that in the USA

研究显示在美国，

about 70% of the population have done something

大约70%的人口曾做过

that could have landed them in jail. 講解

可能让他们锒铛入狱的事情。

That's a fairly realistic statistic

这是一个相当现实的统计数据，

considering that the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

考虑到药物滥用和心理健康服务管理局（SAMHSA）

says around half of the population admit to having taken illicit substances. 語法

表示大约一半的人口承认曾服用过违禁药物。

What you might not know though 語法

然而你可能不知道的是，

is that you've probably broken the law on occasion

你很可能偶尔就犯了法，

and are not even aware you did.

却完全没有意识到。

Today we are going to explore these small crimes

今天我们将探究这些小罪行，

in this episode of the Infographics Show,

在《Infographics Show》的本期节目中，

Illegal Things that we do every day.

聊聊我们每天都在做的违法事情。

Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell button

别忘了订阅并点击小铃铛，

so that you can be part of our notification squad.

这样你就能成为我们通知小队的一员了。

One thing many of us do is watch our favorite shows and movies

我们中许多人都会做的一件事，就是观看我们最喜欢的节目和电影

on streaming websites that haven't paid for the right to show that content.

在那些没有付费购买内容播放权的流媒体网站上。

While some of those look legal, 語法

虽然其中一些看起来是合法的，

according to the UK Federation Against Copyright Theft or FACT,

但根据英国反盗版联盟（FACT）的说法，

they are unlawful.

它们是非法的。

This is because they don't have permission

这是因为它们没有获得内容所有者的许可

to provide that content from the people that own it.

来提供这些内容。

As a viewer,

作为一名观众，

FACT says you are actually committing unlawful behavior

FACT表示你其实在从事非法行为，

by supporting the criminals.

因为你在支持犯罪分子。

Is it illegal in the USA?

这在美国违法吗？

According to the Intellectual Property Institute

根据里士满大学法学院的

at the University of Richmond Law School,

知识产权研究所的说法，

yes it is.

是的，这是违法的。

Uploading unlicensed content is also illegal.

上传未经许可的内容也是违法的。

Right now people are not prosecuted for watching or uploading,

目前人们不会因为观看或上传而被起诉，

so you are safe to watch something like Game of Thrones online.

所以你在网上看《权力的游戏》之类的还是很安全的。

Downloading stolen content has always been illegal,

下载盗版内容向来是非法的，

but streaming seems to be a bit of a gray area. 習語

但流媒体似乎处于一个灰色地带。

Nevertheless, this might soon change.

不过，这种情况可能很快就会改变。

An EU court in 2017

一家欧盟法院在2017年

made what was called a landmark ruling 短語搭配

做出了一项具有里程碑意义的裁决，

that essentially stated that anyone watching a copied content stream

实质上声明任何观看复制内容流媒体的人

is committing a civil offense. 用詞

都在犯下民事侵权行为。

According to TorrentFreak,

根据TorrentFreak的说法，

about half of all American millennials watch illegal content streams.

大约一半的美国千禧一代都在观看非法的内容流媒体。

Staying with technology and the internet,

继续说技术和互联网，

have you ever used a fake name for an account?

你是否曾为某个账号使用过假名？

Apparently your nom de plume of I'm a jerk 66 用詞

显然你用‘我是个混蛋66’这样的笔名，

is actually committing a crime according to the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act.

根据《计算机欺诈和滥用法》，实际上是在犯罪。

In 2010,

在2010年，

a prison guard in the US was fined 500 bucks for using a fake Facebook name,

美国一名狱警因使用虚假的Facebook名字被罚款500美元，

while in the UK the Crown Prosecution Service is cracking down on fake social media profiles. 短語動詞

而在英国，皇家检控署正在严厉打击虚假的社交媒体资料。

It's not that governments want to arrest people making up funny fake names, 語法

这并不是说政府想逮捕那些编造有趣假名的人，

but they are more worried about online harassment

而是他们更担心网络骚扰

and the spread of false information by people they cannot trace.

以及那些无法追踪的人散布虚假信息。

One more thing,

还有一件事，

if you've ever jumped on someone else's Wi-Fi to use the internet without their permission, 短語動詞

如果你曾未经别人许可连上他们的Wi-Fi上网，

you've also broken the law.

你同样也犯了法。

There are probably a lot of law-abiding citizens out there,

可能外面有很多守法公民，

now aware they are chronic lawbreakers.

现在才意识到他们是长期违法的惯犯。

But the next one will get just about everyone.

但下一个差不多会让所有人都中招。

The song Happy Birthday is not yours to sing in public,

《祝你生日快乐》这首歌不属于你可以在公共场合演唱的范畴，

although it is okay in the house.

尽管在家里唱是可以的。

The song was copyrighted in the '80s by Time Warner for $25 million,

这首歌在80年代被时代华纳以2500万美元买下版权，

so you don't have permission to do a public rendition of it. 用詞

所以你没有许可在公众面前演绎它。

Do so and you could be fined a hefty sum of money. 講解

如果这样做了，你可能会面临巨额罚款。

That's why you'll hardly ever see it performed in movies. 短語搭配

这就是为什么你几乎在电影里看不到它被演唱的原因。

It is sometimes used and

它有时候会被使用，

that's why Time Warner receives about $2 million a year

而这就是为什么时代华纳每年大约能收到200万美元

in Happy Birthday royalties. 用詞

的《生日快乐》版权费。

Have you ever made a cash bet with friends? 用詞

你曾经和朋友进行过现金打赌吗？

Well,

好吧，

having a wager with friends is technically illegal under the Illegal Gambling Act of 1970.

根据1970年的《非法赌博法》，和朋友打赌在技术上是非法的。

This is in the USA at least,

至少在美国是这样，

but it all depends on how much chance is involved in the gambling

但这完全取决于赌博涉及多少几率

and the amount of money.

以及金额的大小。

If the entire amount is more than $2,000,

如果总金额超过2000美元，

you are in fact running an illegal gambling operation.

你实际上就是在经营一家非法赌博机构。

This is quite common in places of work

这在工作场所相当普遍，

where many participants take part in inter-office sports gambling,

许多参与者参加办公室内的体育赌博，

especially after the boost in popularity of fantasy sports games.

尤其是在梦幻体育游戏大受欢迎之后。

According to online gambling site Laser Wager,

根据在线赌博网站Laser Wager的数据，

27% of Americans take part in such gambling

27%的美国人参与了此类赌博，

and if you are not living in Nevada,

而且如果你不住在内华达州，

you are actually risking a stint in prison. 短語搭配

你实际上可能面临短暂的牢狱之灾。

And what if you won the fantasy football pool at work

如果在工作中的梦幻足球彩池赢了，

and celebrated with one too many drinks 習語

并因此多喝了几杯酒庆祝，

and then proceeded to wobble home?

然后摇摇晃晃地走回家，那会怎样？

Well,

好吧，

that could be illegal too,

那也可能是违法的，

even if you were just happily minding your own business. 習語

哪怕你只是开开心心地走自己的路。

While it's unlikely you'd get arrested,

虽然你不太可能被逮捕，

in many countries public intoxication is illegal.

但在许多国家，公共场合醉酒是非法的。

In the USA,

在美国，

this is so,

确实如此，

but if you live in the states of Nevada, Montana, or Missouri,

但如果你住在内华达州、蒙大拿州或密苏里州，

you'll be fine as no public intoxication laws exist there.

你就会没事，因为那里没有公共醉酒的法律。

In Texas,

在德克萨斯州，

you don't want to get caught drunk on the streets

你不会希望在街上被抓到醉酒，

as it's a Class C misdemeanor.

因为那是一项C级轻罪。

In the UK,

在英国，

it's also an offense to be drunk in public

在公共场合醉酒也是一种违法行为，

and you could risk a fine if very drunk.

如果你醉得很厉害，可能会面临罚款的风险。

Australia has such laws too,

澳大利亚也有此类法律，

but you are more likely to get escorted home 語法

但如果你没有惹麻烦，

than you are fined if you are not causing trouble

你更有可能被护送回家而不是被罚款，

as Australian cops apparently take the humane approach. 短語搭配

因为澳大利亚警察显然采取了更人性化的方法。

When you get home late,

当你晚回家时，

whatever you do, 語氣意圖

无论如何，

don't start vacuuming the house.

不要开始在家里吸尘。

In the UK,

在英国，

it's actually illegal to use a vacuum cleaner

工作日的下午6:00后至早上8:00前，

after 6:00 p.m. and before 8:00 a.m. on weekdays

以及周末的早上8:00前和下午1:00后，

and illegal before 8:00 a.m. and after 1:00 p.m. on weekends.

使用吸尘器实际上是非法的。

The Australians are a little more lax,

澳大利亚人要稍微宽松一些，

at least in Melbourne,

至少在墨尔本，

where you are not allowed to use your vacuum cleaner

你不被允许使用吸尘器的时间是

between 10:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m. during weekdays

工作日的晚上10:00至早上7:00之间，

and between 10:00 p.m. and 9:00 a.m. during the weekends.

以及周末的晚上10:00至早上9:00之间。

No such law seems to exist in the USA,

美国似乎没有这样的法律，

but in Denver it's actually illegal to lend someone your vacuum cleaner.

但在丹佛，把吸尘器借给别人实际上是非法的。

According to a law website,

根据一个法律网站的说法，

if you have noisy neighbors,

如果你有吵闹的邻居，

you have every right to sue them. 語氣意圖

你完全有权利起诉他们。

You may have to prove the noise reached a certain amount of decibels,

你可能必须证明噪音达到了特定的分贝数，

but if you can,

但如果你能证明，

you can expect about 30 bucks for each day

你可以指望在你成为他们噪音受害者的每一天，

you were a victim of their loudness.

获得大约30美元的赔偿。

In this case,

在这种情况下，

if you've ever been loud at night and have neighbors,

如果你曾在晚上大声喧哗并且有邻居，

you may have committed an offense.

你可能就犯下了违法行为。

According to research,

根据研究，

the Brits consider themselves to be a very law-abiding nation

英国人认为自己是一个非常守法的民族，

with 98% of people saying they don't break laws.

98%的人说他们不违法。

Well,

不过，

some other research says they break on average five rules every week

一些其他研究表明，他们平均每周打破五条规则，

or 16,250 in a lifetime.

或者一生中违规16250次。

These might just be small breaches,

这可能只是轻微的违规，

but nonetheless they are laws. 表達脈絡

但无论如何，它们都是法律。

Some of the most common offenses are dropping cigarette butts on the floor

一些最常见的违法行为是把烟头扔在地上

and spitting out chewing gum in public places.

和在公共场所吐口香糖。

Singapore was said to have made chewing gum illegal, 語法

据说新加坡已经让口香糖变得非法，

which isn't actually true.

但这其实不是真的。

However,

然而，

it does have quite strict gum control, 語法

它确实有相当严格的口香糖控制，

which means the sale or importation of gum is illegal today in the country.

这意味着今天在该国销售或进口口香糖是非法的。

Spitting gum on the floor

在整洁的迪拜，把口香糖吐在地上

will also get you in big trouble in clean Dubai

也会给你带来大麻烦，

and also in Thailand

在泰国也是如此，

where policemen have preyed on tourists 習語

那里的警察会盯上那些

who commit the act of cigarette or gum dropping in public areas.

在公共区域乱扔烟头或口香糖的游客。

In most countries

在大多数国家，

littering is illegal

乱丢垃圾是非法的，

and it doesn't have to be a lot of litter. 語法

而且并不需要很多垃圾。

It's illegal in the USA,

这在美国是非法的，

but in Alabama, Michigan, parts of Florida, Ohio, and California,

但在阿拉巴马州、密歇根州、佛罗里达州部分地区、俄亥俄州和加利福尼亚州，

just spitting on the floor

仅仅是吐痰在地上，

could end with a fine.

都可能以罚款告终。

In 2013 in England,

在2013年的英格兰，

a man was fined for spitting,

一名男子因吐痰被罚款，

which was the very first time

这是法院有史以来第一次

a court had charged someone for such an offense.

因这种违法行为指控某人。

Staying with the Brits,

继续聊英国人，

according to some media on the subject of breaking laws,

根据一些关于违法题材的媒体报道，

the most common offense in the country

该国最常见的违法行为

is walking across a crosswalk

是在绿色小人不闪烁时

when the little green man is not flashing. 文化背景

穿过人行横道。

33% of Brits have apparently done this.

显然有33%的英国人做过这件事。

A similar street crime in the USA is jaywalking, 文化背景

美国一种类似的街道犯罪叫做乱穿马路（jaywalking），

which means pretty much the same

意思差不多，

but walking anywhere on the street unlawfully.

但指在街上任何地方非法行走。

As some scary viral videos demonstrate,

正如一些可怕的疯传视频所展示的，

this could even ignite the anger of the police.

这甚至可能激怒警察。

You might also get an on-the-spot fine for jaywalking 用詞

由于乱穿马路，你也可能会受到当场罚款

in Germany, Singapore, Spain, Poland, Slovenia, and Australia.

在德国、新加坡、西班牙、波兰、斯洛文尼亚和澳大利亚。

The Dutch legalized jaywalking in 1997

荷兰在1997年使乱穿马路合法化，

and have since reported absolutely no negative effects. 語法

此后报告称绝对没有任何负面影响。

In many nations such as Japan, Hungary, Thailand, China, and Indonesia,

在许多国家，如日本、匈牙利、泰国、中国和印度尼西亚，

putting your trust in the green man could be disastrous

盲目相信绿色小人可能是灾难性的，

as crosswalks are often ignored by drivers.

因为司机经常无视人行横道。

Speaking of drivers, 表達脈絡

说到司机，

the most broken law in the USA

在美国被破坏最多且

that people actually get charged with is speeding. 短語搭配

人们实际被指控的法律是超速。

It's thought about 112,000 people get a speeding ticket every day,

据认为每天大约有11.2万人收到超速罚单，

but after seeing this video,

但在看了这个视频之后，

speeding might not be the most common offense.

超速可能并不是最常见的违法行为。

Has anyone out there

有没有人

not committed any of the offenses above?

没有犯过上述任何一项罪行？

Better still,

或者更好的是，

has anyone ever been charged for one of the offenses

有没有人曾经因为其中一项违法行为而被指控，

or knows someone who has?

或者认识曾经被指控的人？

Let us know in the comments.

在评论区告诉我们吧。

Also,

同时，

be sure to check out our other video called Americans versus Europeans.

务必去看看我们另一部名为《美国人对抗欧洲人》的视频。

Thanks for watching

感谢观看，

and as always,

一如既往，

don't forget to like, share, and subscribe.

别忘了点赞、分享和订阅。

See you next time.

我们下次再见。