墨西哥能击退美国吗？：英语精读讲义

Mexico and the USA enjoy good relations for the most part right now, 短語搭配

目前墨西哥和美国在很大程度上保持着良好的关系，

but that wasn't the case in the 19th century 短語搭配

但在19世纪情况并非如此，

when the two countries were fighting over territory. 短語搭配

当时两国曾为争夺领土而战。

The two nations presently enjoy good trading relations

目前两国享有良好的贸易关系，

with Mexico being the fourth largest trading partner of the US 語法

墨西哥是美国的第四大贸易伙伴，

behind the European Union, China, and Canada.

仅次于欧盟、中国和加拿大。

Both cultures to some extent have crossed borders 短語搭配

两种文化在某种程度上都跨越了国界，

and permeated each country,

并渗透到了对方国家，

but we see more Mexicans moving across the border

但我们看到更多的是墨西哥人越过边境，

to settle in the US rather than the other way around. 短語搭配

去美国定居，而不是反过来。

Today, this is a divisive issue 短語搭配

如今，这是一个引起分歧的问题，

culminating in the new president's promise 語法

并在新任总统的承诺中达到顶点，

to construct a wall to keep out illegal immigrants. 短語動詞

即建造一堵墙以将非法移民挡在门外。

Nevertheless, in many ways 表達脈絡

尽管如此，在许多方面，

the countries still have a healthy relationship.

两国仍然保持着健康的关系。

Today, we'll discuss what would happen 語法

今天，我们将讨论会发生什么，

if that was not the case.

如果情况并非如此。

In this episode of the Infographics Show,

在本期Infographics Show中，

USA versus Mexico.

美国对阵墨西哥。

Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell button

不要忘记订阅并点击小铃铛按钮，

so that you can be part of our notification squad.

这样你就可以成为我们通知小队的一员。

An invasion, it would seem, wouldn't be too hard 語氣意圖

似乎入侵并不会太难，

as the countries share a border,

因为两国接壤，

which between Tijuana and San Diego

而蒂华纳和圣地亚哥之间的这段边境，

is the most crossed border in the world.

是世界上穿越人数最多的边境。

It measures approximately 1,989 miles.

它长约1989英里。

On the American side sits a little more than 325 million people. 語法

美国一侧有略多于3.25亿人口。

On the Mexican side sits close to 130 million people.

墨西哥一侧有近1.30亿人口。

The USA is a much larger country,

美国是一个大得多的国家，

measuring 3.8 million square miles,

面积为380万平方英里，

while Mexico is close to 762,000 square miles.

而墨西哥则接近76.2万平方英里。

They are the third and 13th largest countries

它们分别是第三大和第十三大国家，

in the world, respectively. 用詞

在世界上。

Interestingly, if these two nations should go head-to-head, 習語

有趣的是，如果这两个国家正面对抗，

it's worth noting that the Pew Research Center said in 2016, 短語搭配

值得注意的是，皮尤研究中心在2016年表示，

there were 5.6 million Mexican unauthorized immigrants

有560万无证墨西哥移民，

living in the US.

生活在美国。

Pew also said that in 2016,

皮尤还表示，2016年，

almost 36 million Mexican-Americans

近3600万墨西哥裔美国人

were legally living in the USA,

合法居住在美国，

accounting for a good portion of the nation's population. 語法

占该国人口的很大一部分。

According to an article in The Guardian published in 2017,

根据2017年发表在《卫报》上的一篇文章，

approximately 2 million Americans have made Mexico their home, 短語搭配

大约有200万美国人将墨西哥作为他们的家，

while USA Today states that thousands more Americans

而《今日美国》指出，还有数以千计的美国人

are living in Mexico on tourist visas

持有旅游签证在墨西哥生活，

and 1-year temporary visas.

以及1年期临时签证。

The Guardian writes,

《卫报》写道，

Mexico is the country with the largest community

墨西哥是拥有最大规模社区的国家，

of US citizens living outside of the United States.

在居住在国外的美国公民中。

In terms of our comparison,

就我们的比较而言，

it is important to take into account these numbers. 短語搭配

将这些数字考虑在内很重要。

More so, the amount of possible Mexico sympathizers

更重要的是，潜在的同情墨西哥的人数，

in the US that could cause internal mayhem

在美国境内可能引起内部混乱，

than the Americans in Mexico,

相比于在墨西哥的美国人，

many of whom are retirees.

很多是退休人员。

157,227 Mexican immigrants came into the USA in 2015,

2015年有157,227名墨西哥移民进入美国，

and over 1 million more are still on a waiting list.

还有超过100万人仍在等待名单上。

So, in terms of where loyalty lies, 習語

因此，关于忠心何在，

we'll let you decide.

我们将让您来决定。

The USA is the world's biggest spender

美国是世界上支出最大的国家，

on defense by a long shot. 習語

在国防方面遥遥领先。

Of its $19.4 trillion GDP,

在其19.4万亿美元的GDP中，

around 3.3% of that cash is spent on the military.

大约3.3%的资金用于军事。

That number for 2016 was roughly $611 billion.

2016年的这个数字大约是6110亿美元。

US President Donald Trump has allocated around $587 billion

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普拨出了约5870亿美元，

from the US discretionary budget for 2017 for defense.

从2017年美国可自由支配预算中用于国防。

Most of this goes towards the running of the military,

这其中的大部分用于维持军队的运作，

but the US is also a big spender

但美国也是一个支出大国，

when it comes to research and development 短語搭配

在研发方面，

and the creation of new military technology.

以及新型军事技术的创造上。

In terms of troops,

就军队人数而言，

the US has 1.3 million active military personnel

美国有130万现役军人，

and a further 811,000 acting as reserve personnel.

另有811,000人作为预备役人员。

Mexico's GDP is barely over $1 trillion.

墨西哥的GDP刚过1万亿美元。

Of that in 2016,

在2016年的这部分资金中，

around $7 billion was spent on the country's defense budget

约有70亿美元用于该国的国防预算，

according to Global Firepower.

根据全球火力（Global Firepower）的数据。

We can find other sources that claim this number is lower.

我们能找到其他消息来源声称这个数字更低。

Still, Mexico is not considered to be a country

尽管如此，墨西哥并不被认为是一个，

that spends heavily on defense

在国防上投入巨资的国家，

when compared to other smaller and larger nations. 語法

与其他更小或更大的国家相比。

Mexico has 273,575 active military personnel

墨西哥有273,575名现役军人，

and a further 110,000 acting as reserve personnel.

另有110,000人作为预备役人员。

With all that money to spend,

有了这么多钱可以花，

the USA has quite a cache of land artillery.

美国拥有相当庞大的陆战火炮储备。

According to Global Firepower,

根据全球火力（Global Firepower），

the country has 5,884 tanks,

该国拥有5,884辆坦克，

41,000 armored fighting vehicles,

41,000辆装甲战车，

1,934 self-propelled guns,

1,934门自行火炮，

1,299 towed artillery,

1,299门牵引火炮，

and 1,331 multiple launch rocket systems.

以及1,331个多管火箭发射系统。

Only two countries own more tanks than the USA,

只有两个国家拥有比美国更多的坦克，

and they are China and Russia.

那就是中国和俄罗斯。

Some of the US's land equipment is the best in the world,

美国的一些陆地装备是世界上最好的，

and that includes the extolled M1 Abrams tank,

这包括备受推崇的M1艾布拉姆斯（M1 Abrams）坦克，

as well as the M109A6 Paladin self-propelled gun,

以及M109A6帕拉丁（Paladin）自行火炮，

and the TOW anti-tank missile.

和TOW反坦克导弹。

Mexico, on the other hand, 表達脈絡

另一方面，墨西哥，

is not quite so tooled up. 短語動詞

装备就没那么齐全了。

The country has to its name zero tanks, 習語

该国名下拥有零辆坦克，

695 armored fighting vehicles,

695辆装甲战车，

12 self-propelled guns,

12门自行火炮，

375 towed artillery,

375门牵引火炮，

and zero multiple launch rocket systems.

以及零个多管火箭发射系统。

This does not bode well for a land invasion alone, 短語搭配

这单对陆地入侵而言可不是个好兆头，

never mind what might be coming from the air or by the sea. 表達脈絡

更不用说可能来自空中或海上的攻击了。

America, in terms of equipment anyway,

无论如何，就装备而言，美国，

is no doubt king of the skies military-wise. 習語

在军事上毫无疑问是天空之王。

Its growing fleet of F-35A Lightning IIs

其不断增加的F-35A闪电II（Lightning IIs）战机机队，

might be costing the taxpayer more than $11 billion this year alone, 用詞

单是今年一年可能就耗费纳税人超过110亿美元，

much more than the entire Mexican defense budget,

远远超过整个墨西哥的国防预算，

but it has much more waiting in reserve.

但它还有更多的储备待用。

We should note that the F-35s have been criticized

我们应该注意到F-35受到了批评，

and belittled as a waste of money by some critics,

并被一些批评人士贬低为浪费金钱，

while it's well known they have faced many technical problems.

同时众所周知，它们面临着许多技术问题。

Nonetheless, the USA also owns among its 13,444 aircraft

尽管如此，在其13,444架飞机中，美国还拥有，

large fleets of highly touted F-22 Raptors,

大规模机队、备受瞩目的F-22猛禽（Raptors），

F-16 Fighting Falcons,

F-16战隼（Fighting Falcons），

F-15E Strike Eagles,

F-15E攻击鹰（Strike Eagles），

McDonnell Douglas F-18 Hornets,

麦道F-18大黄蜂（Hornets），

and FA-18E Super Hornets.

和FA-18E超级大黄蜂（Super Hornets）。

Mexico, on the other hand, owns 452 aircraft,

另一方面，墨西哥拥有452架飞机，

but none of them are fighter aircraft.

但没有一架是战斗机。

It retired its small number of Northrop F-5E

它最近退役了少量诺斯罗普F-5E，

and two F-5F Tiger IIs recently

以及两架F-5F虎II（Tiger IIs），

and doesn't seem interested in buying any more fighters.

并且似乎不打算购买更多战斗机。

The country now relies on its PC-97 語法

该国现在依赖其PC-97，

and T-6C Plus light attack trainers

和T-6C Plus轻型攻击教练机，

to protect its skies,

来保护其天空，

which are no match for the US's aerial firepower. 短語搭配

这些根本无法与美国的空中火力相提并论。

It doesn't get any better in the water for Mexico, 習語

墨西哥在水上的情况也没有好转，

a country not known for its naval prowess.

这个国家并不以其海军实力而闻名。

Not surprisingly, Mexico doesn't have an aircraft carrier,

毫不奇怪，墨西哥没有航空母舰，

nor does the country have its own destroyers. 語法

该国也没有自己的驱逐舰。

It has just six frigates,

它只有6艘护卫舰，

three corvettes,

3艘轻型护卫舰，

131 patrol craft,

131艘巡逻艇，

and 11 mine warfare vessels.

和11艘水雷战舰。

Its navy is more concentrated on Mexico's huge drug problem

其海军更多地集中在解决墨西哥巨大的毒品问题上，

and offering relief in times of natural disasters. 短語搭配

并在自然灾害时期提供救济。

Its small navy is reasonably well equipped for those tasks. 短語搭配

其规模较小的海军在应对这些任务上装备还算精良。

The US Navy is one of the largest and strongest in the world.

美国海军是世界上最大、最强的海军之一。

It has a total of 11 aircraft carriers,

它共有11艘航空母舰，

22 cruisers,

22艘巡洋舰，

67 destroyers,

67艘驱逐舰，

eight frigates,

8艘护卫舰，

75 submarines,

75艘潜艇，

zero corvettes,

零艘轻型护卫舰，

nine amphibious assault ships,

9艘两栖攻击舰，

11 mine warfare ships,

11艘水雷战舰，

and 55 patrol ships.

和55艘巡逻舰。

It also owns a behemoth

它还拥有一个巨无霸，

in the Gerald R. Ford Class super carrier.

那就是杰拉尔德·R·福特级超级航母。

Alone, this thing can be a deadly force.

单凭这艘航母就能成为一种致命力量。

Obviously, the US military outpowers the Mexican military

显然，美国军队的实力远超墨西哥军队，

at perhaps a difference we have not yet seen

这种差距也许是我们在，

in our military comparisons.

军事对比中尚未见过的。

And we haven't even mentioned nuclear. 表達脈絡

而且我们甚至还没提到核武器。

However, as we have seen throughout history,

然而，正如纵观历史所见，

power alone doesn't always spell victory. 表達脈絡

单靠力量并不总是意味着胜利。

What would happen internally in the US

美国国内会发生什么，

if these two countries fell out 短語動詞

如果这两个国家闹翻，

is not something we would like to see,

并不是我们想看到的，

but all those Mexicans in the USA

但所有在美国的那些墨西哥人，

would make matters difficult for America. 短語搭配

会让美国陷入困境。

So, what do you think of this hypothetical match-up?

那么，你对这种假设性的对决有何看法？

Let us know in the comments.

请在评论区告诉我们。

Also, be sure to check out our other video

另外，一定要去看看我们的其他视频，

called Average American versus Average Mexican.

叫作《普通美国人对比普通墨西哥人》。

Thanks for watching,

感谢观看，

and as always,

和往常一样，

don't forget to like, share, and subscribe.

别忘了点赞、分享和订阅。

Adios, amigos.

再见，朋友们。