香蕉的黑暗历史 - 约翰·索卢里：英语精读讲义

在故事开头，On a December night in 1910 的主要叙事作用是什么？

1. 在事件开始前，把听众带到一个具体时间
2. 表示这件事每年12月都会发生
3. 表示这件事持续了整整一个月

哪一项最符合 exiled former leader 的意思？

1. 一位到海外正常度假的前领导人
2. 一位正在国外进行短期正式访问的现任领导人
3. 一位已经不再担任领导人并被迫离开本国的人

用表示“开始海上航程前往”的目标词组补全句子：At sunrise, the expedition ship ____ Greenland.

用表示“希望能够”的目标词组补全句子：The clinic extended its hours ____ serving more patients.

判断这句话是否适合写在正式求职申请中：“I will get this job by whatever means necessary.”

1. 合适
2. 不合适

哪个句子能自然表达“人们把这座城称为 the City of Roses”？

1. The town is known by the City of Roses.
2. The town is known as the City of Roses.
3. The town is known for the City of Roses.

在“El Pulpo, or the Octopus”中，or 起什么作用？

1. 表示两个名称中只能有一个是正确的
2. 纠正这个外语名称的拼写错误
3. 给出这个外语名称的英文意思

在新闻报道中，“a powerful backer”最可能表示什么？

1. 身体位置上站在某人后面的人
2. 提供支持的有影响力个人或团体
3. 试图阻止某项计划的反对者

在新闻报道中，The organization has a long reach 最可能是什么意思？

1. 它的影响力延伸到许多地方或领域。
2. 它拥有一个异常长的测量工具。
3. 它的所有员工手臂都很长。

请用 traffic in 的 -ing 形式完成句子：Investigators found a network ____ stolen passports.

在句子“Maya chose, of all things, a bright orange suitcase.”中，of all things 表达了什么意思？

1. 那个手提箱是当时唯一可选的物品。
2. 选择亮橙色手提箱这件事出乎意料。
3. 玛雅选择了各种各样的手提箱。

用 officially、known 和 as 组成正确词组并完成句子：According to its charter, the organization is ____ the North River Trust.

用 cultivate 的过去分词完成句首背景短语：____ in this region centuries ago, coffee later spread worldwide.

填入回指 Lisbon 的关系副词：They moved to Lisbon, ____ they opened a small cafe.

用表示“其中大多数”的非限制性关系结构完成句子：The archive contains twelve early photographs, ____ are badly faded.

用目标表达的过去式完成句子：After the renovation, the room ____ its old self.

哪一个句子最自然地使用 ventured 来强调一段有风险或不确定性的旅程？

1. The scientists were ventured to the remote island despite the approaching storm.
2. The scientists ventured to the remote island despite the approaching storm.
3. The students ventured to their usual classroom for the daily lesson.

使用表示“为了寻找”的固定短语补全句子：The rescue team entered the building ____ the missing dog.

请用本课中的四词短语完成句子：The photographer ____ natural light.

下列哪种解释最符合句中 Afro-Caribbean farmers 的含义？

1. 任何从非洲到加勒比地区短期旅行的农民
2. 只种植原产非洲作物的加勒比公司
3. 具有非洲血统以及加勒比地区或文化背景的农民

在这个句子中，relatively thick-skinned fruit 是什么意思？

1. 内部果肉相对较厚的果实。
2. 不容易感到被冒犯的果实。
3. 外皮相对较厚的果实。

用表示“非常适合运输货物”的目标短语完成句子：The padded crate is ____.

哪句话把月底设为截止点，但没有断言工作恰好在那个时间点完成，也没有断言一定是在此之前完成？

1. Before the end of the month, the team had completed the survey.
2. By the end of the month, the team had completed the survey.
3. At the end of the month, the team had completed the survey.

用表示“非常受欢迎或很成功”的目标表达完成句子：The science fair was ____ with local families.

请用表示“全年都可获得”的目标短语补全句子：The museum's audio guide is ____.

“The treatment was endorsed by the doctors” 最准确的意思是什么？

1. 医生发明了这种疗法。
2. 医生公开支持或推荐了这种疗法。
3. 医生正式证明了这种疗法对所有人都有效。

哪个句子最自然地表示一种变化伴随另一种变化发展？

1. Because the road was closed, traffic became heavier.
2. As the town grew, traffic became heavier.
3. When the town had a festival, traffic became heavier.

请用本讲解中的三词表达补全句子，该表达表示“获得或确保使用能力”：The agreement helped local farmers ____ irrigation water during the dry season.

在本句中，banana moguls 是什么意思？

1. 大量购买香蕉的顾客
2. 香蕉产业中有权势、有影响力的领袖
3. 采摘香蕉的普通工人

以下哪句话最准确地解释了 'They funded coups'？

1. 他们出钱支持旨在非法夺取政府权力的行动。
2. 他们为当地官员组织的公共庆典付了钱。
3. 他们在和平选举后正式承认了有关政府。

请用 to ensure 补全表示目的的短语：We checked every name twice ____ the guest list was accurate.

The donor financed his return to power. 是什么意思？

1. 捐助者只支付了他个人回家的旅费。
2. 捐助者为帮助他重新取得政治控制权的行动提供了资金。
3. 捐助者正式任命他担任政治职务。

在历史叙述中，"The government rewarded the company with land concessions" 最可能是什么意思？

1. 政府要求该公司在土地纠纷中作出妥协。
2. 政府给了该公司农具，而没有授予土地权利。
3. 政府授予该公司使用或开发一些土地的权利。

"The company dominated the region" 最准确的意思是什么？

1. 该公司最近才开始在这个地区经营。
2. 该公司在法律上与当地政府是同一个机构。
3. 该公司在这个地区拥有压倒性的影响力或控制力。

在地理报告中，arable land 是什么意思？

1. 所有农业用地，包括牧场
2. 适合种植农作物的土地
3. 建有建筑物和道路的土地

句子 “The company cleared the forest to build a road” 是什么意思？

1. 他们把对森林的解释说得更清楚了。
2. 他们捡走了垃圾，但保留了树木和其他植物。
3. 他们移除了树木和植被，以便开发这片土地。

哪句话中的 house 是动词，意思是“为……提供住处”？

1. The new dormitory can house 200 students.
2. They bought a house near the campus.
3. The students painted the house last weekend.

哪句话正确使用了句首过去分词短语来描述主句主语？

1. Lured by the scholarship, the university received Nina's application.
2. Lured by the scholarship, Nina applied to the university.
3. Lured by the scholarship, the application deadline seemed closer.

哪种情况最符合 a farm with little biological diversity？

1. 多种作物品种与树篱和野花混合生长。
2. 许多不同的作物分布在各异的栖息环境中。
3. 一大片区域只种植一种作物，而且这些植株的遗传特征相近。

请用 ripe 和它所要求的介词完成句子：The dry forest was ____ a wildfire.

请用本课中以 hitch 开头的三个词的表达完成句子：Tiny burrs can ____ on a hiker's socks.

选择这句话在叙事中的主要作用：And that's exactly what happened in the 1910s.

1. 它确认前面提出的可能性后来成为了真实事件。
2. 它提出一个尚未经过检验的可能性。
3. 它否定前面的解释并转换话题。

哪句话中的 level 表示“摧毁”？

1. The wildfire leveled several homes near the canyon.
2. The carpenter checked whether the shelf was level.
3. The river's level rose after the storm.

哪句话使用 first ... and later ... 表示某件事从一个地点扩展到更大范围？

1. The service was offered in one neighborhood because the city approved it.
2. The service was offered first in one neighborhood and later throughout the city.
3. The service was offered throughout the city from the first day.

哪句话使用 via the same ... that ... 结构，表示一个有用的系统也传播了有害事物？

1. The malware spread quickly via the same file-sharing system that had made collaboration easier.
2. The malware spread quickly because several computers lacked updates.
3. The team replaced its file-sharing system after the project ended.

哪句话用 in a race against 的比喻义表示针对威胁采取紧急行动？

1. In a race against her teammate, Lina crossed the finish line first.
2. In a race against the rising floodwater, volunteers moved the supplies uphill.
3. After the flood ended, volunteers counted the unused supplies.

哪句话用 leaving 引出主句事件造成的结果？

1. The factory closed, leaving three hundred people jobless.
2. The manager was leaving the factory at noon.
3. Leaving the factory, Nora called her family.

哪句话表示工作人员砍倒了数十棵受损的树？

1. The crew felled dozens of damaged trees.
2. Dozens of damaged trees fell during the storm.
3. The crew inspected dozens of damaged trees.

用目标短语 in order to 补全句子：The clinic extended its hours ____ serve more patients.

用本课的介词和关系代词补全正式关系从句：The nonprofit ____ the city has partnered provides free meals.

哪句话中的 yielded to 表示一种政治制度结束并被另一种制度取代？

1. The military regime yielded to a civilian government after the election.
2. She yielded to temptation and bought the expensive shoes.
3. The locked door yielded to pressure and swung open.

请用 call for 的过去式完成句子：The medical association ____ stricter safety rules.

请用表示“再次购买”的短语动词完成句子：The museum sold this portrait years ago and now hopes to ____ it.

请用 redistribute ... to 结构完成句子：After revising its aid plan, the charity will ____ the food ____ families in greatest need.

请用一个以 on 结尾的目标双词短语补全句子：The repair estimate was ____ the inspection report.

哪句话表示正式报告中提交的数值低于真实数值？

1. The factory underreported its emissions in the annual filing.
2. The newspaper misreported the date of the inspection.
3. The engineers underestimated how much pollution the factory produced.

哪种理解最能说明以下叙述中 not happy 的表达效果？The manager was not happy; by morning, she had shut down the entire project.

1. 这表示她只是有一点失望，关闭整个项目与这层含义无关。
2. 这表示项目本身具有人类情感。
3. 这句话用很轻的语气说她不满，而后面的激烈行动表明实际情绪强烈得多。

请用 launch + propaganda campaign + against 的过去式完成句子：The newspaper ____ the mayor.

哪句话中的 call on 表示向人脉网络求助？

1. She called her contact at the university.
2. She called on her contacts at the university for help.
3. The university called for stricter safety rules.

使用 cite 的 -ing 形式来引出校方给出的理由：____ safety concerns, the school canceled the trip.

在本句中，“CIA orchestrated the overthrow”是什么意思？

1. 中央情报局公开反对将其赶下台的行动。
2. 中央情报局有意策划并协调了将其赶下台的行动。
3. 中央情报局碰巧目睹了将其赶下台的行动。

用 go on strike 的过去式完成句子：After contract talks failed, the warehouse workers ____ together.

在句子 "The hospital agreed to recognize the nurses' union," 中，医院同意做什么？

1. 注意到这个工会的存在
2. 正式接受该工会作为工人代表的地位
3. 辨认出属于该工会的每一个人

哪个句子正确使用了 with + 名词短语 + -ing 形式来交代一个持续发展的背景情况？

1. With demand was rising, the store hired more staff.
2. With demand rising, the store hired more staff.
3. With demand rose, the store hired more staff.

在 switch from X to Y 结构中填入两个介词：After testing both systems, the team switched ____ paper records ____ a digital database.

使用 no longer as ... as 结构表示车站现在没有以前那么拥挤：The station is ____ crowded ____ it used to be.

以下哪种展开方式最准确地保留了“United Fruit Company, rechristened Chiquita,”的含义和语法？

1. United Fruit Company, which was renamed Chiquita,
2. United Fruit Company, which renamed Chiquita,
3. United Fruit Company, which created a company called Chiquita,

这里的“has lost its stranglehold on Latin American politics”是什么意思？

1. 公司已经不再拥有过去那种强大、限制他人的政治控制力。
2. 公司在一场身体对抗的摔跤比赛中输了。
3. 公司已经不再关注拉丁美洲政治。

判断：仅根据“The proposal isn't without flaws.”，能否断定这些缺陷数量很多而且很严重？

1. 可以。这句话明确表示缺陷很多而且很严重。
2. 不可以。它只承认存在一些缺陷。

在句子“The orchard requires frequent applications of fungicide.”中，applications 是什么意思？

1. 施用杀菌剂的各次处理
2. 用于追踪杀菌剂的软件程序
3. 为获得杀菌剂而提交的正式申请

请用指定短语 create hazards for 完成句子：Loose electrical wires can ____ anyone using the room.

在下面的句子中，句首的 though 从句起什么作用？Though the route is shorter, it is much more dangerous.

1. 表示这两个事实不可能同时为真。
2. 先承认一个优点，再由主句提出更重要的缺点。
3. 说明路线更短导致了危险。

哪个句子正确地将 lack 用作及物动词，表示这些农场没有足够的生物多样性？

1. The island's farms lack of biological diversity.
2. The island's farms lack biological diversity.
3. The island's farms are lack biological diversity.

画线的结尾在句中起什么作用？

1. 它把香蕉产业的脆弱性呈现为缺乏多样性的结果，并以比喻义使用 ripe for。
2. 它表示大流行病会让香蕉在物理意义上成熟。
3. 它另起一个话题，说水果开始可以食用了。

哪个开头最能用这一句型把观众可能有过的日常观察与科学解释连接起来？

1. You have certainly measured every chemical reaction inside your phone battery.
2. You've probably noticed that your phone battery drains faster in cold weather.
3. Cold weather exists, and batteries are objects.

请用 go 的过去式以及形容词 mushy 和 brown 完成句子：After five days on the counter, the pear ____.