为什么火箭上没有广告？：英语精读讲义

In the year 2000,

2000年，

a Russian rocket launched from Kazakhstan

一枚俄罗斯火箭从哈萨克斯坦发射升空，

carrying one of the first pieces

搭载着首批组件之一

of the International Space Station

前往国际空间站

into orbit.

进入轨道。

Although this may look like a normal rocket launch,

虽然这看起来像是一次普通的火箭发射，

on the side of the rocket 語法

但在火箭侧面

was a giant Pizza Hut logo.

印着一个巨大的必胜客标志。

This was part of an ad campaign

这是一场广告活动的一部分，

where Pizza Hut paid $1 million

必胜客支付了100万美元，

for Russian cosmonauts

让俄罗斯宇航员

to eat their pizza in space

在太空吃他们的披萨，

and to have their logo displayed 語法

并将他们的标志展示

on the side of the rocket.

在火箭侧面。

But why don't we see ads 表達脈絡

但为什么我们没有更频繁地看到

on the side of rockets more often?

火箭侧面出现广告呢？

In this video,

在本视频中，

we're going to look at the unusual history 表達脈絡

我们将回顾一段不同寻常的历史

of advertisement in space flight.

关于航天飞行中的广告。

We're also going to look at why it's not common

我们还将探讨为什么这并不常见，

and how the future of low-cost rockets

以及未来低成本火箭的发展

might change that.

可能如何改变这一现状。

In the modern world of Internet and television,

在如今拥有互联网和电视的现代世界，

advertisements are everywhere.

广告无处不在。

Sporting events,

体育赛事、

tourist attractions,

旅游景点、

movies,

电影、

transportation.

交通工具。

Anything that attracts a lot of attention 語法

任何能吸引大量关注的事物

will also attract advertisement.

也都会吸引广告。

The 2019 Super Bowl

2019年的超级碗

was watched by 100 million people,

吸引了1亿人观看，

making the price for a 30-second commercial 語法

这让一段30秒的商业广告价格

around $5 million.

达到了约500万美元。

But space flight is no stranger 習語

但对于航天飞行来说

to large audiences.

庞大的观众群体并不陌生。

The first moon landing in 1969

1969年的首次登月

was watched by a record-breaking

创下了观众纪录，

600 million people.

吸引了6亿人观看。

And the first Falcon Heavy test flight

猎鹰重型火箭的首次试飞

was viewed by millions of people online.

也有数百万人在网上观看。

Despite the worldwide attention, 語法

尽管备受全球瞩目，

advertisements never found their way 習語

广告却从未涉足

to these important space flight events.

这些重要的航天飞行事件。

Due to NASA being a government agency, 語法

由于NASA是一个政府机构，

it has a restrictive policy

它有着严格的政策限制，

which stops astronauts and other employees 語法

禁止宇航员及其他员工

from endorsing products.

为产品代言。

Since the beginning of the space shuttle program,

自航天飞机计划开始以来，

NASA has been sending M&Ms

NASA一直将M&Ms巧克力豆

up to the space station

送上空间站

for astronauts to eat.

供宇航员食用。

However,

然而，

instead of referring to them as M&Ms, 短語搭配

宇航员不能称它们为M&Ms，

astronauts have to call them

而必须称它们为

candy-coated chocolates. 文化背景

“糖衣巧克力”。

The Science and Technology Institute

科学技术研究所

estimated that NASA could make

曾估计NASA可以获得

around $100 million in revenue

约1亿美元的收入，

if they agreed to do a sponsorship

如果他们同意进行赞助

and advertisement deal.

和广告合作的话。

However,

然而，

this is an insignificant amount

在太空开展业务时，

when it comes to doing business in space. 短語搭配

这一数额显得微不足道。

The Russians,

俄罗斯人，

on the other hand, 表達脈絡

另一方面，

are far more open 語法

则要开放得多

to the idea of advertisements.

对于广告的想法。

A Russian cosmonaut famously hit a golf ball

一位俄罗斯宇航员曾著名地将高尔夫球击入

into orbit

轨道，

as part of a paid sponsorship

作为一项付费赞助的一部分，

for a Canadian golf company.

赞助方是一家加拿大高尔夫公司。

In 1996,

1996年，

Russian cosmonauts took a giant Pepsi can

俄罗斯宇航员带着一个巨大的百事可乐罐

into space

进入太空，

to float outside the Mir space station

漂浮在和平号空间站外，

as part of Pepsi's campaign

这是百事可乐活动的一部分，

to make the first commercial in space.

旨在拍摄首支太空商业广告。

This is nothing compared 習語

但这与必胜客的计划相比

to what Pizza Hut were planning.

根本算不了什么。

In 2000,

在2000年，

they were looking at the idea 短語動詞

他们曾考虑过一个主意，

of projecting their logo

把他们的标志投影

onto the surface of the Moon

到月球表面，

using high-powered lasers.

使用高功率激光。

After discussing the idea with physicists,

在与物理学家讨论了这个想法后，

they realized

他们意识到，

that the enormous amount of power

巨大的能量

and accuracy required

以及所需的精度

to pull this off 短語動詞

想要实现这一点

would be almost impossible.

几乎是不可能的。

And it would require hundreds of millions

并且还需要数亿美元

of dollars to develop.

的研发费用。

Instead,

因此，

Pizza Hut settled with the idea

必胜客最终决定

of displaying their new logo

把他们的新标志展示

on the side of a Russian Proton rocket.

在俄罗斯质子号火箭的侧面。

Apart from this ambitious advertising campaign,

除了这场雄心勃勃的广告活动外，

rocket companies have yet to open their doors 講解

火箭公司仍未向

to the world of sponsorships.

赞助世界敞开大门。

But with the new wave of private companies

但随着新一波私营企业

getting into the space flight industry,

进军航天飞行产业，

this could change.

这种情况可能会改变。

Companies like SpaceX and Rocket Lab

像SpaceX和Rocket Lab这样的公司

have drastically cut the cost 短語搭配

已经大幅降低了成本

of launching rockets.

在发射火箭方面。

And with the online viewership of these launches 語法

随着这些发射的在线观看人数

growing in popularity,

变得越来越受欢迎，

we could start to see sponsored liveries 用詞

我们可能会开始看到赞助商涂装

appearing on rockets,

出现在火箭上，

whether we like it or not. 習語

不管我们喜不喜欢。

So, although the world of advertising

所以，尽管广告界

has yet to make its way into space flight,

尚未进入航天飞行领域，

we can only hope that the first step 表達脈絡

我们只能希望迈出的第一步

onto Mars

踏上火星时

isn't sponsored by Pepsi.

不是由百事可乐赞助的。

Thank you to the Primal Space Patreons

感谢Primal Space的Patreon赞助者们

who help to write and research each video.

帮助我们撰写和研究每期视频。

If you'd like to contribute to Primal Space

如果你想为Primal Space做出贡献

and join our exclusive Discord,

并加入我们的专属Discord频道，

please visit

请访问

patreon.com/primalspace,

patreon.com/primalspace，

where we will be giving away three copies

我们将在那里赠送三份

of Kerbal Space Program

《坎巴拉太空计划》游戏，

once we reach 100 Patreons.

一旦我们的赞助者达到100人。

So, make sure you're subscribed,

所以，请确保你已经订阅，

so you can join in the discussion

这样你就可以加入讨论，

as we continue to learn more

随着我们继续了解更多

about all things space.

关于太空的一切。

Thank you very much for watching,

非常感谢你的观看，

and I'll see you in the next video.

我们下期视频再见。