你会在人群中感到孤独吗？⏲️ 6分钟英语：英语精读讲义

Six Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com

bbclearningenglish.com 的六分钟英语

Hello,

大家好，

this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

这里是 BBC Learning English 的六分钟英语。

I'm Sam.

我是 Sam。

And I'm Neil.

我是 Neil。

There was a huge crowd of people waiting at the train station this morning, Neil. 短語搭配

今天早上火车站有一大群人等着，Neil。

When the train finally arrived,

当火车终于到达时，

everyone rushed in and I couldn't find a seat. 短語動詞

大家都冲了进去，我连个座位都找不到。

I hate crowds.

我讨厌拥挤的人群。

But you love going to the football match on Saturday.

但你喜欢星期六去看足球比赛呀。

Ah, well, that's different.

啊，嗯，那不一样。

More like a big group of friends. 語氣意圖

那更像是一大群朋友。

Well, whether it's sporting events, train stations, 語法

好吧，无论是体育赛事、火车站，

or political protests, crowds,

还是政治抗议活动，人群，

that's large groups of people who gather together for a shared activity, 短語搭配

也就是为了共同活动聚集在一起的一大群人，

are a feature of life.

都是生活的特征。

For some, crowds create feelings of excitement and a sense of community. 表達脈絡

对一些人来说，人群会带来兴奋感和社区归属感。

Well, for others, they feel uncomfortable, confusing, or even dangerous.

然而，对于另一些人来说，他们感到不舒服、困惑甚至危险。

So, why is that?

那么，为什么会这样呢？

In this program, we'll be discussing the role of crowds in modern life,

在本期节目中，我们将讨论人群在现代生活中的作用，

asking why they evoke different reactions in people. 短語搭配

探讨为什么他们会在人们身上唤起不同的反应。

And as usual, we'll be learning some new vocabulary as well.

像往常一样，我们也将学习一些新词汇。

But first, I have a question for you, Neil.

但首先，Neil，我有一个问题要问你。

The biggest crowd in history happened in 2019,

历史上最大规模的人群聚集发生在2019年，

when over 200 million people gathered in the northern Indian city of Allahabad. 文化背景

当时超过两亿人聚集在印度北部城市安拉阿巴德（Allahabad）。

But what did so many people come together for? 短語動詞

但是这么多人是为了什么聚在一起的呢？

Was it A, a cricket match,

是 A，一场板球比赛，

B, a religious festival,

B，一个宗教节日，

or C, an election?

还是 C，一场选举？

Well, I know Indians love cricket,

嗯，我知道印度人喜欢板球，

but I doubt 200 million people would fit into a stadium, 語法

但我怀疑两亿人能不能塞进一个体育场，

so I'll guess it's C, an election.

所以我猜是 C，一场选举。

Okay, Neil.

好的，Neil。

We'll find out the answer later in the program. 短語動詞

我们稍后在节目中揭晓答案。

People gathering for a cricket match or a music concert are usually happy events.

人们为了板球比赛或音乐会聚在一起通常是快乐的事。

But crowds can have a darker side as well. 習語

但是人群也有阴暗的一面。

They can become out of control and sometimes even violent. 短語搭配

他们可能会失控，有时甚至会变得暴力。

Here's psychologist Professor John Drury

下面是心理学家 John Drury 教授

discussing this idea with Anand Jagatia,

与 Anand Jagatia 讨论这个想法的片段，

presenter of the BBC World Service program appropriately named CrowdScience. 表達脈絡

Anand 是 BBC 世界广播电台一个恰如其名叫做 CrowdScience（人群科学）的节目主持人。

When people get together in a crowd,

当人们在人群中聚集时，

they regress psychologically.

他们在心理上会退化（regress）。

Their thinking is more primitive.

他们的思维变得更加原始。

They become more gullible.

他们变得更容易上当受骗（gullible）。

And that's also associated with a supposed tendency towards violence as well. 短語搭配

而且这也往往被认为与暴力倾向有关。

But according to John,

但根据 John 的说法，

the idea of mob mentality

这种关于暴民心态（mob mentality）的想法，

that people in crowds are irrational and prone to destructive behavior 短語搭配

即人群中的人们是非理性的并倾向于破坏性行为，

just isn't backed up by research. 短語動詞

是没有研究支持的。

One view is that when people get together in a crowd, 表達脈絡

一种观点认为，当人们聚集在人群中时，

they become irrational.

他们会变得非理性。

Psychologically speaking,

从心理学上讲，

they regress. 用詞

他们退化了（regress）。

They return to a less advanced more primitive way of behaving.

他们回到了不那么先进、更原始的行为方式。

They may also become more gullible, 用詞

他们也可能变得更易受骗（gullible），

an adjective meaning easily tricked

这个形容词的意思是容易被骗

or willing to believe everything someone says.

或者愿意相信别人说的一切。

Connected to this is the phrase mob mentality, 用詞

与此相关的是短语暴民心态（mob mentality），

the tendency of people in a group

也就是群体中的人们

to behave in the same way as others in the group,

倾向于跟群体中其他人采取相同行为，

rather than as individuals.

而不是作为个体行动。

In crowds,

在人群中，

people may do things they would never do alone, 語法

人们可能会做他们单独一人时绝不会做的事情，

like steal or use violence.

比如偷窃或使用暴力。

But according to Professor Drury,

但根据 Drury 教授的说法，

in reality,

在现实中，

it's not mob mentality and violence, 表達脈絡

人群的特征其实不是暴民心态和暴力，

but rather feelings of safety and togetherness

而往往是安全感和归属感

that actually characterize crowds.

这才是人群真正的特征。

And according to Dr. Anne Templeton,

而根据 Anne Templeton 博士，

another expert on crowd psychology from the University of Edinburgh,

另一位来自爱丁堡大学的人群心理学专家的说法，

that's especially true when you identify with the other people in a crowd. 短語動詞

当你认同人群中的其他人时，尤其如此。

Here's Dr. Templeton explaining more to BBC World Service program CrowdScience.

以下是 Templeton 博士在 BBC 世界广播电台的 CrowdScience 节目中的进一步解释。

The more people feel like they are a part of a group with others in the crowd, 語法

人们越是觉得他们与人群中的其他人同属一个群体，

the more enjoyable experience they have.

他们的体验就越愉快。

There's a correlation between having that social identification 講解

在拥有这种社会认同感

and feeling safer.

和感到更安全之间存在着相关性。

So, often,

所以，通常，

if we feel like we are in a group with others,

如果我们感觉我们和别人在同一个群体中，

we expect them to look after us. 短語動詞

我们会期望他们照顾我们。

The flip side of that is when you don't feel as much part of the group 習語

另一面是当你没有那么强烈地感觉到是这个群体的一部分时，

and you're not having this positive experience.

你就不会有这种积极的体验。

Dr. Templeton thinks there is a correlation,

Templeton 博士认为存在一种相关性（correlation），

that's a connection or a link between being among people who share your values 短語搭配

那就是在与你价值观相同的人在一起

and feeling safe.

和感到安全之间的联系或纽带。

Football fans cheer their team on by wearing the same colors 短語動詞

足球迷们通过穿相同颜色的衣服来为他们的球队欢呼，

and singing the same songs,

并唱同一首歌，

and this works as a kind of glue bonding the crowd together 習語

这就像一种把人群粘合在一起的胶水，

and making them feel safe.

让他们感到安全。

The disadvantage of this, 表達脈絡

这个的缺点是，

however,

然而，

is when you don't feel part of the crowd you're with.

就是当你感觉不属于你所在的人群时。

Dr. Templeton calls this the flip side,

Templeton 博士称这为另一面（flip side），

the opposite,

即某事物的反面，

less good or less pleasant aspect of something.

不太好或不太令人愉快的一面。

In today's world,

在今天的世界里，

crowds are important because of the feeling of power they give us.

人群很重要，因为他们给了我们力量感。

It's one thing sitting alone shouting at the news on television, 語法

一个人坐在那里对着电视上的新闻大喊是一回事，

but it's something else altogether to march on a political protest 文化背景

但参加政治抗议游行完全是另一回事，

with hundreds of demonstrators

与数百名示威者一起

feeling that together you could change the world.

觉得你们一起可以改变世界。

Maybe that's what everyone was doing in 2019, Sam.

也许那就是2019年所有人都在做的事，Sam。

Right.

对的。

In my question,

在我的问题中，

I asked you why 200 million people gathered in the Indian city of Allahabad in 2019.

我问你2019年为什么有两亿人聚集在印度城市安拉阿巴德（Allahabad）。

I guessed it was to vote in an election.

我猜是为了在选举中投票。

Was I right?

我猜对了吗？

Ah, you were wrong,

啊，你错了，

I'm afraid, Neil. 語氣意圖

恐怕，Neil。

In fact,

事实上，

the biggest crowd in history had gathered for a Hindu religious festival, 文化背景

历史上最大规模的人群是为了一个印度教宗教节日而聚集的，

the Kumbh Mela,

即大壶节（Kumbh Mela），

which 220 million people attended over 50 days.

共有2.2亿人在50天内参加了这一节日。

Okay,

好的，

let's recap the vocabulary we've learned from this program on crowds, 表達脈絡

让我们回顾一下从这期关于人群的节目中学到的词汇，

large numbers of people who gather together for a shared reason.

人群也就是为了共同原因聚集在一起的大量人群。

To regress means return to less advanced more primitive behaviors.

Regress 的意思是倒退到不那么先进、更原始的行为。

Regress is the opposite of progress.

Regress 是 progress 的反义词。

Someone who is gullible is easily tricked

容易上当受骗（gullible）的人很容易被欺骗，

and will believe anything people say.

并且会相信别人说的话。

The phrase mob mentality describes the tendency of people in a group

短语暴民心态（mob mentality）描述了一个群体中的人们

to behave in ways that conform with others in the group, 短語搭配

倾向于以符合群体中其他人的方式行事，

rather than as individuals.

而不是作为个体。

A correlation is a connection or a link between two things.

相关性（correlation）是事物之间的联系或纽带。

And finally,

最后，

the flip side of something

某事物的另一面（flip side）

means those aspects of it which are less obvious good or pleasant.

意味着它那些不太明显、不太好或不太愉快的方面。

The flip side of this program is that once again our 6 minutes are up. 短語搭配

本节目的另一面是，我们的6分钟又到了。

Bye for now.

先说到这吧。

Bye-bye.

拜拜。

6 Minute English from the BBC.

来自 BBC 的六分钟英语。