植物对抗污染 ⏲️ 6分钟英语：英语精读讲义

6 Minute English from the BBC.

BBC 6分钟英语。

Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

大家好，这里是 BBC 英语教学的 6 分钟英语。

I'm Neil.

我是尼尔。

And I'm Beth.

我是贝丝。

Now, imagine a field polluted by spilled oil. 語法

现在，想象一片被漏油污染的土地。

Toxic waste has mixed into the water and chemical fumes have overtaken the air, 用詞

有毒废物混入水中，化学烟雾弥漫在空气中，

leaving animals dead and the land unsafe for humans. 語法

导致动物死亡，土地不再适合人类居住。

Unfortunately, situations like this are common all over the world. 短語搭配

不幸的是，像这样的情况在世界各地都很常见。

Cleaning up chemical pollution is dangerous and expensive 短語動詞

清理化学污染不仅危险而且昂贵，

and mostly involves highly technological equipments.

且主要依靠高科技设备。

But what if there was a more natural solution? 語法

但如果有更自然的解决方案呢？

Recently, scientists have been developing a new technique for cleaning pollution, 語法

最近，科学家们一直在开发一种清理污染的新技术，

letting plants do the work instead. 語法

让植物来代劳。

Yes, plants like water hyacinths have been used to clean rivers by sucking up oil spilled into the water 講解

是的，像凤眼莲这样的植物已被用于清理河流，它们能吸收泄漏到水中的油污，

and researchers have successfully used fungi to break down plastic waste. 講解

而研究人员也已成功利用真菌分解塑料废物。

In this program, we'll be hearing about plants that fight pollution 表達脈絡

在本期节目中，我们将听到关于抗击污染的植物的故事，

and of course, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.

当然，我们还会学习一些有用的新词汇。

But first, I have a question for you, Neil.

但首先，我有个问题要问你，尼尔。

One word we'll be hearing a lot in this program is phytoremediation, 用詞

本期节目中我们会频繁听到的一个词是“植物修复（phytoremediation）”，

the technique that certain plants use to remove harmful chemicals from polluted environments. 短語搭配

这是一些植物用来从污染环境中清除有害化学物质的技术。

But how do they do this?

但它们是怎么做到的呢？

Is it by using A, their leaves,

是通过 A：它们的叶子，

B, their roots,

B：它们的根，

or C, their seeds?

还是 C：它们的种子？

I think some plants clean up pollution using their roots.

我认为有些植物是用根来清理污染的。

Okay, Neil.

好的，尼尔。

We'll find out the correct answer later. 短語動詞

我们稍后会揭晓正确答案。

Phytoremediating plants are certainly needed in one of the most oil polluted places on Earth, 語法

在地球上受石油污染最严重的地方之一，确实需要具有植物修复功能的植物，

the delta of the river Niger in Nigeria. 文化背景

那就是尼日利亚的尼日尔河三角洲。

Ever since oil, known by the nickname black gold, 講解

自从有着“黑金”之称的石油

was discovered there in the 1950s,

于20世纪50年代在那里被发现以来，

it's become central to Nigeria's economy. 短語搭配

它已成为尼日利亚经济的核心。

But oil spills have devastated the region's landscape 用詞

但漏油事件已经摧毁了该地区的景观，

and there is mistrust between local communities 短語搭配

而且当地社区与在那里运营的跨国石油公司之间

and the multinational oil companies working there.

存在着不信任。

Now, one woman and her plants are trying to fix the problem.

现在，一位女士正和她的植物一起试图解决这个问题。

Eucharia Nwaichi is a biochemist from the University of Port Harcourt in Nigeria. 用詞

Eucharia Nwaichi 是尼日利亚哈科特港大学的生物化学家。

She uses phytoremediation to clean and protect the region's land and rivers.

她利用植物修复技术来清理和保护该地区的土地和河流。

Discussing Eucharia's work are Georgina Rannard from the BBC climate news team 語法

BBC 气候新闻团队的乔治娜·兰纳德

and Myra Anubi, presenter of BBC World Service program People Fixing the World.

以及 BBC 国际频道《修复世界的人们》节目主持人迈拉·阿努比正在讨论 Eucharia 的工作。

Eucharia is a specialist in phytoremediation. 短語搭配

Eucharia 是一位植物修复专家。

That word again.

又听到这个词了。

It basically means plants being used to clean up contaminated environments, right? 講解

它基本上是指利用植物来清理受污染的环境，对吧？

Right.

没错。

And when I met her recently in London,

我最近在伦敦见到她时，

she had just won the Maddox Prize. 語法

她刚获得马多克斯奖。

This is a prestigious award for scientists showing courage in the face of hostility. 講解

这是一个颁发给在敌意面前展现勇气的科学家的著名奖项。

Now, the Niger Delta is a really dangerous and challenging place to work in. 語法

尼日尔河三角洲是一个工作起来非常危险且充满挑战的地方。

And despite personal risk to her safety, 語法

尽管自身安全面临风险，

Eucharia has spent 20 years teaching communities there 語法

Eucharia 已经花了20年时间教导那里的社区，

how these plants can suck up toxic oil from the ground 短語動詞

告诉他们这些植物如何从土壤中吸取有毒石油，

and bring their land back to life. 習語

并使他们的土地起死回生。

Eucharia's work won a prestigious scientific award.

Eucharia 的工作赢得了一项著名的科学奖项。

Prestigious means admired and well respected.

“Prestigious” 的意思是备受赞誉和受人尊敬的。

The award recognized the personal risks Eukaria takes in her efforts to bring the land back to life.

该奖项认可了 Eucharia 在努力使土地恢复生机的过程中所承担的个人风险。

If you bring something back to life,

如果你让某物起死回生（bring something back to life），

you make it come alive again

你的意思就是让它再次变得生机勃勃，

or reanimate it after it has died.

或者在它死后让它重新苏醒。

A big problem for climate scientists is being accepted and trusted by the people living in polluted places. 語法

气候科学家面临的一个大问题是获得居住在受污染地区的人们的接纳和信任。

But Eucharia has found a way to work with local communities. 短語搭配

但 Eucharia 找到了一种与当地社区合作的方法。

Listen to Georgina Rannard of BBC World Service's People Fixing the World,

听听 BBC 国际频道《修复世界的人们》节目的乔治娜·兰纳德的说法，

who was followed by Eucharia Nwaichi herself.

随后是 Eucharia Nwaichi 本人的发言。

Her success often comes from getting communities

她的成功往往归功于让那些

who have deep mistrust of outsiders after broken promises 短語搭配

在经历了清理漏油的承诺被打破后

from companies to clean up the oil spills.

对外来者产生深深不信任的社区，

She gets them to trust her and then they take ownership 講解

她让他们信任她，然后他们就开始主导

for the restoration of their land.

自己土地的修复工作。

And I think Eucharia's magic formula really relies on diplomacy, 講解

我认为 Eucharia 的神奇配方确实依赖于外交手腕、

trust, and actually charisma, 用詞

信任，还有个人魅力，

which is a very important quality.

这是非常重要的一项特质。

We have a leadership structure, 用詞

我们有一个领导架构，

so you have the chief,

比如酋长，

like traditional ruler, 文化背景

也就是传统的统治者，

you have the women leader,

还有妇女领袖，

you have the youth leader,

以及青年领袖，

so you find out who those are

所以你要找出这些人是谁，

and inform them of what you want to do. 短語搭配

并告知他们你想要做什么。

Local people's mistrust of big oil companies comes from their broken promises, 用詞

当地人对大型石油公司的不信任源于它们未兑现的承诺（broken promises），

times when they said they would definitely do something 語法

就是那些它们说过绝对会做某些事，

but then failed to.

但后来却没做到的情况。

Eucharia, on the other hand, 表達脈絡

另一方面，Eucharia

is trusted because she consults the community 用詞

受到信任是因为她与社区协商，

by speaking with local chiefs,

通过与当地酋长（chiefs）交谈，

the rulers, or highest ranking leaders of a tribe. 短語搭配

即一个部落的统治者或最高阶级领袖。

What's more, 表達脈絡

此外，

Eucharia has lots of charisma.

Eucharia 充满了魅力（charisma）。

This personal characteristic is the natural ability to attract,

这种个人特质是一种能够吸引、

influence, and inspire people.

影响和启发他人的天赋。

Taken together, 表達脈絡

综合起来，

these make Eucharia's approach a magic formula,

这些让 Eucharia 的方法成为一个神奇配方（magic formula），

a combination of actions that is likely to result in success. 短語搭配

即极可能带来成功的行动组合。

It's good to hear a positive environmental news story for once, 語氣意圖

难得听到一则正面的环境新闻，这感觉真好，

isn't it, Neil?

不是吗，尼尔？

But what's the science behind what Eucharia is doing? 用詞

但 Eucharia 所做的事情背后的科学原理是什么呢？

How do plants clean up polluted environments?

植物是如何清理受污染环境的？

To find that out, 表達脈絡

为了找出答案，

I need to reveal the answer to my question.

我需要揭晓我刚才问题的答案了。

Right.

好的。

You asked me how plants clean up pollution through phytoremediation.

你问我植物是如何通过植物修复技术来清理污染的。

I said it was using their roots.

我说它们是利用根部。

And that was the correct answer.

而这正是正确答案。

Okay, it's time to recap vocabulary we've learned from the program, 表達脈絡

好了，是时候回顾我们在节目中学到的词汇了，

starting with the adjective prestigious,

从形容词 prestigious 开始，

meaning admired and well respected.

意思是备受赞誉和受人尊敬的。

If you bring something back to life,

如果你 bring something back to life（让某物起死回生），

you make it come alive again after being dead.

你就是让它在死后再次活过来。

A broken promise is when you promise definitely to do something

A broken promise（未兑现的承诺）是指你确切地承诺会做某事，

but then fail to do what you said you would.

但随后未能履行你所说的话。

A chief is the ruler of a tribe

A chief（酋长/首领）是一个部落的统治者

or the most important highest ranking leader of an organization.

或一个组织中最重要、最高阶级的领导者。

Charisma is a special natural ability to attract,

Charisma（魅力）是一种能够吸引、

influence, and inspire people.

影响和启发他人的特殊天赋。

And finally,

最后，

the phrase a magic formula describes a combination of actions

a magic formula（神奇配方）这个短语描述的是一种行动的组合，

that is likely to result in success.

它极有可能带来成功。

Once again,

再一次，

our 6 minutes are up.

我们的6分钟时间到了。

Bye for now.

暂时再见。

Goodbye.

再见。

6 Minute English from the BBC.

BBC 6分钟英语。