玛丽的房间：一个哲学的思想实验 - 埃莉诺·尼尔森：英语精读讲义

使用 named 表示这位科学家的名字是 Leo：We met a scientist ____.

请用表示影片没有彩色的常用短语填空：The documentary was filmed in ____.

哪一句把下雨当作已知事实，然后给出与之形成反差的结果？

1. Even though it was raining, the match continued.
2. Because it was raining, the match continued.
3. Even if it rains, the match will continue.

哪一句最自然地把 marine biology 说明为她的专业领域？

1. She is an expert in marine biology.
2. She is an expert marine biology.
3. She is an expert at marine biology.

哪个短语自然地表示“所有曾经出版过的书”？

1. all the books have ever published
2. all the books ever publishing
3. all the books ever published

在科学说明中，different wavelengths of light 指什么？

1. Light with different brightness levels only
2. Lamps or objects with different physical lengths
3. Light with different physical wavelength values

在这个句子中，cone cells in the retina 指什么？

1. 参与颜色视觉的特殊视网膜细胞
2. 任何碰巧呈锥形的细胞
3. 把信号从眼睛传到大脑的神经纤维

哪一句用 down 表示沿路线移动，并用 into 表示目的地？

1. Prices went down before the holiday.
2. The pulse traveled down the wire into the receiver.
3. The stone fell down into the pond.

在这个科学句子中，patterns of neural activity 是什么意思？

1. 大脑的装饰性图片
2. 神经细胞群有组织地活动的方式
3. 出现在神经细胞上的彩色图案

请用 correspond to 的正确形式完成句子：On this keyboard, each key ____ a different musical note.

“Now imagine”在这个句子中的主要作用是什么？

1. 说明这件事此刻正在现实中发生。
2. 引导听众进入假设情境的下一步。
3. 要求听众停止思考前面的讲解。

哪一句表示照片以彩色而不是纯黑白形式显示？

1. The photograph made the screen look colorful.
2. The photograph appeared in color on the screen.
3. The photograph was hidden behind the screen.

用一个表示“此前从未发生过”的四词短语补全句子：____, Leo traveled alone.

哪句话表示 Maya 多年来一直知道日食的相关信息，但从未亲眼见过日食？

1. Maya has known about eclipses for years, but she has never seen one herself.
2. Maya first heard about eclipses yesterday and saw one last night.
3. Maya has watched eclipses for years, so she has seen many.

在这段解说中，“Does she learn anything new?”最主要的语篇功能是什么？

1. 它在检查她是否记得一种颜色的名称。
2. 它把故事设定转化为论证要讨论的核心问题。
3. 它要求观众教她一项新技能。

把这些词按正确顺序排列，完成目标框架：anything / about / the schedule / that。Is there ____ we haven't discussed?

选择 capture 表示抽象的“表现或涵盖某个重要方面”的句子。

1. The report captures the main reasons for the change.
2. The police captured the escaped prisoner.
3. The net captured the fish near the shore.

选择正确描述 thought experiment 作用的句子。

1. A thought experiment tests an idea by reasoning through an imagined situation.
2. A thought experiment must be carried out in a laboratory before it can be discussed.
3. An experiment and a thought experiment always provide the same kind of evidence.

用 called 和名称 Moon Garden 完成句子：Our town opened a park ____.

在这句话中，all the physical facts about color vision 指什么？

1. 物理科学能够描述的关于色觉如何运作的全部内容
2. 玛丽亲眼看到一种颜色时感受到的一切
3. 仅指有关眼睛健康和锻炼的事实

把 experience 改为 -ing 形式，让这项活动作主语：____ a new culture can change how you think.

用 if ... then ... 框架完成规则：____ the battery is charged, ____ the robot will start.

mental states like color perception 表达了什么关系？

1. 心理状态和颜色感知是互不相关的概念。
2. 颜色感知是心理状态的一个例子。
3. 颜色感知是一个叫作 state 的实际地点。

使用本课的完整情态被动框架完成句子：A person's grief ____ a list of symptoms.

一位天文学家正在介绍恒星周围可能让行星拥有液态水的区域。哪个短语能自然地补全句子？This region is ___ the habitable zone.

1. what do astronomers call
2. that astronomers call it
3. what astronomers call

在这一哲学语境中，哪句话最准确地概括了 the knowledge argument？

1. 完整的物理知识仍可能遗漏某种体验是什么感觉。
2. 这个论证是一场关于谁可以研究颜色的争吵。
3. 了解物理事实会让意识体验变得不可能。

在这句哲学论述中，non-physical properties and knowledge 表示什么？

1. 没有形状或重量的物体
2. 违反自然规律的神秘力量
3. 物理描述无法完全涵盖的性质与知识

请使用目标结构 can only be discovered through 完成句子：The cave's true size ____ careful measurement.

哪一句正确使用了 contradict 来表达逻辑冲突？

1. The new evidence contradicts about the original theory.
2. The new evidence contradicts the original theory.
3. The new evidence contradicts with the original theory.

根据本句，哪项陈述最准确地说明了 physicalism？

1. 它认为体育锻炼是所有知识的来源。
2. 它认为，包括心理状态在内的一切事物都有物理解释。
3. 它认为心理状态无法被讨论或解释。

如果去掉插入短语 including mental states，句子的主干是什么？

1. everything has a physical explanation
2. mental states has everything
3. including has mental states

哪一句使用 To + 人群，后接 -ing 修饰语，来引出该人群的观点？

1. The new rule is read to many parents, and the change seems unfair.
2. Many parents read the new rule to understand the change.
3. To many parents reading the new rule, the change seems unfair.

判断：如果有人说“It seems intuitively obvious that the plan will work,”这就表示此人声称该计划已经被证明会成功。

1. 错误
2. 正确

请用本课重点标出的美式英语双词结构完成句子：Trying the recipe is ____ reading about it.

用本课目标正式结论标记词补全论证：The roads are flooded. ____, the school will remain closed.

用 there be 的强推断形式补全句子：The hallway light is on, so there ____ someone in the building.

在句子 “The feeling transcends any physical description,” 中，transcends 是什么意思？

1. 它在空间中移动到了书面描述的上方。
2. 它超出了物理描述能够完全涵盖的范围。
3. 它使这段描述变得更加详细。

用目标表达完成句子：The documentary ____ space travel; it also explores life on Earth.

用 use X to represent Y 结构完成句子：The diagram ____ arrows ____ the direction of movement.

用成对标记 If...then 完成条件陈述：____ a number is even, ____ it can be divided by two with no remainder.

other conscious experiences either 给这个否定判断增加了什么含义？

1. 它提供了两种体验供人选择。
2. 它把这一判断扩展到更多主观体验。
3. 它表示所有体验都已得到完整解释。

哪个短语语法正确，并且同时涵盖事物的构造方式和运作方式？

1. every physical detail about the structure but function
2. every physical detail about the structure and function
3. every physical detail about the structural and function
4. every physical details about the structure and function

用本课学到的两词例证标记完成句子：Many insects help gardens. ____, bees pollinate flowers.

使用包含 feels 和 like 的目标结构完成句子：You cannot know ____ to lose your voice until it happens.

在句子“The moment felt ineffable”中，ineffable 是什么意思？

1. 完全无法用语言充分表达。
2. 很容易精确测量。
3. 令人不快，应该忘掉。

在心灵哲学中，哪一项对 qualia 的解释最准确？

1. 它们是计算机的物理部件。
2. 它们是大脑活动的数字测量结果。
3. 它们是意识体验的主观性质。

在这句话中，subjective qualities 指什么？

1. 任何外部观察者都能以完全相同方式测量的性质
2. 纯属想象且并不真实的性质
3. 取决于个人视角或体验的性质

哪种释义符合 “We can't accurately describe or measure the sensation” 的意思？

1. 描述和测量都无法准确完成。
2. 只有描述不准确；测量是准确的。
3. 描述是准确的，但测量完全做不到。

在英文句子“This greeting is unique to the island,”中，“unique to the island”是什么意思？

1. 它很受前往这座岛的游客欢迎。
2. 它只存在于这座岛上。
3. 它是为某一位游客发明的。

哪个版本的三个例子都保持了平行的 -ing 形式？

1. to have an itch, being in love, or feel bored
2. having an itch, to be in love, or feeling bored
3. having an itch, being in love, or feeling bored

请用“use X to theorize that + clause”结构中缺少的词补全句子：Researchers used the flight data ____ the birds followed magnetic fields.

在句子“Philosophers interested in artificial intelligence have used the argument.”中，哪组词构成主要谓语？

1. artificial intelligence
2. have used
3. interested in

哪项陈述保留了高亮部分的推理关系？

1. 重现物理状态可以保证相应的心理状态出现。
2. 重现物理状态不能保证相应的心理状态出现。
3. 重现物理状态会让任何心理状态都不可能出现。

一张表把每道题和与之匹配的答案列在一起。哪个短语可以自然地描述这个答案？

1. the correspond answer
2. the corresponding answer
3. the communicating answer

哪一句正确地使用动名词短语作主语，并用关系从句修饰其宾语？

1. Building a robot that sorts packages takes months.
2. Building a robot that sorts packages is take months.
3. Build a robot that sorts packages takes months.
4. Building a robot that sorts packages take months.

用本课的重述标记完成句子：The material is biodegradable. ____, it can break down naturally.

哪一句表示更好的结果有可能出现，但不能保证？

1. A larger budget won't necessarily create better results.
2. A larger budget will certainly create better results.
3. A larger budget definitely won't create better results.

哪一句表示至少有一位评审者没有批准，同时仍可能有一些评审者批准了？

1. No reviewers approved the proposal.
2. All reviewers approved the proposal.
3. Not all reviewers approved the proposal.

用表示“对某领域有广泛知识”的目标短语完成句子：The curator has ____ ancient coins.

用 allow 的目标形式完成这个未实现的过去结果：A spare key ____ us to open the door, but we did not have one.

请填入本课中的两个词，使 friction 表示热的来源：The heat ____ friction warmed the metal.

Maya 已经掌握了博物馆指南中的所有事实。哪句话最能概括“这次参观不会给她带来新知识”这一观点？

1. The museum visit would show her a new entrance.
2. Maya wouldn't show the tour guide anything new.
3. The museum visit wouldn't show her anything new.

请用表示“从一开始就已经如此”的目标短语完成句子：The rule was unfair ____.

请用表示“除……之外没有其他依据”的目标结构完成句子：The report ____ two interviews.

哪句话正确表达了“语言可能无法完整传达某种感受”？

1. Some feelings cannot be fully conveyed in words.
2. Some feelings cannot be fully conveying in words.
3. Some feelings cannot fully convey in words.

哪句话正确使用了 years after + 从句来引出时间背景？

1. After years she joined the lab, she became its director.
2. Years after did she join the lab, she became its director.
3. Years after she joined the lab, she became its director.

使用目标结构 reverse + 物主限定词 + stance on 完成句子：After reviewing the new evidence, the board ____ the safety rule.

用 even 和强调结构 still does 完成句子：____ this unusual result ____ support the main conclusion.

哪句话只表示两个现象存在对应关系，而没有声称存在因果关系或两者完全相同？

1. Each peak on the scan is identical to a measurable change in brain activity.
2. Each peak on the scan corresponds to a measurable change in brain activity.
3. Each peak on the scan causes a measurable change in brain activity.

短语 not unknowable qualia beyond physical explanation 否定了哪种观点？

1. 主观体验超出了物理解释所能说明的范围。
2. 每一个物理事件都无法测量。
3. 感质是公众可以看到的大型事件。

用表示“问题仍无定论”的目标表达完成句子：After years of research, there ____ to this question.

哪句话正确使用 whether 来说明问题的具体内容？

1. Researchers considered the question of whether would the treatment work.
2. Researchers considered the question of whether the treatment would work.
3. Researchers considered the question of whether did the treatment work.

用一个以 Could 开头、以 that 结尾、表示可能性的四词框架完成问题：____ the missing file was saved under another name?

哪句话正确使用 limits to what... 来描述一种界限？

1. There may be limits to what the telescope can detect.
2. There may be limits to what can the telescope detect.
3. There may be limits what the telescope can detect to.

选择正确使用 lie beyond our comprehension、表示某个起源可能永远无法被理解的句子。

1. The origin of the signal may lie permanently beyond our comprehension.
2. The origin of the signal may lay permanently beyond our comprehension.
3. The origin of the signal may lie permanently beyond our comprehending.

说话人刚刚说过 The old method may never work。哪一句最适合引出对照的可能，并让结尾保持开放？

1. And will a simpler method solve the problem?
2. Will a simpler method solve the problem?
3. Or will a simpler method solve the problem?

请把 allow、athletes 和 overcome 按正确结构填入句子：Good coaching may ____ self-doubt.