停表错觉：英语精读讲义

Hey, Vsauce, Michael here

嘿，Vsauce，我是 Michael。

and today I've got a brand new episode of Vsauce Lean Back. 短語搭配

今天，我带来了全新一期的 Vsauce Lean Back。

You can click this annotation

你可以点击这个注释，

or the link at the top of the description

或点击简介顶部的链接，

to start it

来开始播放。

and then you can just lean back 短語動詞

然后你只要往后一靠，

and let the autoplay playlist bring the knowledge right to your brain. 語法

让自动播放列表把知识直接送进你的大脑。

As you already know, 表達脈絡

正如你已经知道的，

it doesn't really work on mobile phones yet,

它目前在手机上还不太能用，

so wait until you're in a better position to lean back. 習語

所以等到更适合往后靠着看的时候再看吧。

In the meantime, 表達脈絡

在此期间，

let's get saccadic. 習語

让我们来点扫视吧。

No, not psychotic,

不，不是精神错乱，

saccadic,

是扫视，

referring to what is known as a saccade, 講解

指的就是所谓的扫视运动，

the quick movements that our eyeballs make

也就是我们的眼球做出的快速运动，

when we move from one object to the other. 語法

发生在我们把视线从一个物体移向另一个物体时。

As you may remember from a previous Lean Back,

你或许还记得之前某期 Lean Back 里提到过，

some animals like most birds 用詞

有些动物，比如大多数鸟类，

cannot move their eyeballs.

无法转动眼球。

And so to look from one thing to another,

所以，要从一个东西看向另一个东西，

they have to move their head really, really fast.

它们就得非常、非常快地转动头部。

And to keep the world from being blurry 語法

而为了不让眼前的世界变得模糊，

when their bodies move,

当它们的身体移动时，

they have to keep their heads completely stationary. 語法

它们必须让头部纹丝不动。

But here's the neat thing about saccades. 表達脈絡

但扫视运动有个很有意思的地方。

When our eyes move,

当我们的眼睛移动时，

there's a quick blur between one destination and the other.

从一个目标转向另一个目标的过程中，会出现短暂的模糊。

And that blur is completely incomprehensible to our brain. 短語搭配

而我们的大脑完全无法理解这段模糊。

So what our visual system does 語法

因此，我们的视觉系统会

is erase it from our memory

把它从记忆中抹去，

and instead replace that little fraction of a second 短語搭配

转而将那一小瞬间

that our eye moved during 語法

——也就是眼睛移动的时间——

with the very next thing we see.

替换成我们紧接着看到的景象。

This leads to a really amazing illusion 短語搭配

这就产生了一种非常神奇的错觉，

called the stopped clock illusion. 文化背景

叫作“停钟错觉”。

You may have noticed this before 語法

你以前可能注意到过这种现象，

if you've ever been in a room with a clock 語法

如果你曾待在一个有时钟的房间里，

with a second hand, 用詞

而那个钟还有秒针，

like in a classroom,

比如教室，

darting your eyes back and forth 短語搭配

你一边快速地来回转动视线，

waiting for class to be out.

一边等着下课。

Now here is what happens. 表達脈絡

接下来就会发生这样的事。

Right when you dart your eyes to the clock, 語法

就在你猛地把视线转向时钟时，

that very first second, 用詞

最开始的那一秒，

that very first movement of the second hand

也就是秒针最开始的那一下移动，

that happens when your eyes reach it,

恰好发生在你的目光落到钟上时，

seems longer than every other second afterwards. 語法

看起来会比之后的每一秒都更长。

Look away from the clock 短語動詞

先把视线从时钟上移开，

and then look

然后再看过去，

and that first second will seem to linger

最开始的那一秒就会像是迟迟不肯过去，

as if time itself has stopped. 語法

仿佛时间本身停住了。

The reason for that is that your brain replaces the time 語法

这是因为，你的大脑会把这段时间，

it took for your eye to go from here to the clock

也就是眼睛从这里转向时钟所花的时间，

with an image of the first thing you saw,

替换成你最先看到的东西的画面，

which was the second hand.

而你最先看到的就是秒针。

And so that little fraction of a second of time

于是，那一小瞬间

is added to the length of time 短語搭配

就会被加到

it takes the second hand to move.

秒针移动所需的时间上。

What's really mind-blowing about this entire effect 講解

整个效应真正令人震撼的是，

is that it happens all the time. 短語搭配

它无时无刻不在发生。

All day, as you look around the world

一整天里，当你观察周围的世界，

from one point to another,

把目光从一个点移向另一个点时，

that little fraction of a second

那一小瞬间

that your eyeball was moving

正是你的眼球移动的时间，

is lost and your brain just replaces it

它会消失，而大脑只是把它

with the very next thing that you see.

替换成你紧接着看到的景象。

Now it might just be a tiny, tiny amount of time, 表達脈絡

这或许只是一丁点儿时间，

but over the course of an entire day, 短語搭配

但在一整天里，

those little fractions of a second

这些零碎的瞬间

can add up to almost 40 minutes. 短語動詞

加起来可能接近 40 分钟。

40 minutes of every day that you're awake

你每天醒着的时间里，有 40 分钟

are lost because our eyeballs move.

会因为眼球转动而消失。

And as always,

一如既往，

thanks for watching.

感谢观看。

So what are you waiting for? 語氣意圖

所以，你还在等什么？

Click here to start the Lean Back

点击这里，开始播放 Lean Back，

or click the link at the top of this video's description.

或者点击本视频简介顶部的链接。

You know what? 語氣意圖

你知道吗？

I totally never say this.

这种话我真的从来没说过。

Yeah, I'm totally heterosexual,

对，我绝对是异性恋，

but you are really attractive.

但你真的很有吸引力。