持不同意见可以吗？⏲️ 6分钟英语：英语精读讲义

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com 的《6分钟英语》。

Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

大家好，这里是 BBC Learning English 的《6分钟英语》。

I'm Neil.

我是 Neil。

And I'm Beth.

我是 Beth。

Neil, when you're chatting with friends, 短語搭配

Neil，当你在跟朋友聊天时，

do you usually have the same or different opinion

对于世界上正在发生的事情，

on things going on in the world? 短語動詞

你们通常是意见相同还是相左？

Ooh, well,

哦，这个嘛，

that's interesting.

这挺有趣的。

I think I probably have quite similar opinions

我觉得我的看法可能通常和他们挺相似的，

and that's kind of why we're friends. 語氣意圖

这也许就是我们能成为朋友的原因吧。

Ah, well,

啊，也是，

we might like to believe that we're accepting and tolerant of others' beliefs. 講解

我们可能愿意相信自己对别人的信仰是接纳和宽容的。

But for many people,

但对许多人来说，

it can be difficult to communicate with people 語法

要和别人交流，可能会很困难，

who have very different opinions to our own. 用詞

如果对方的意见与我们截然不同。

And this lack of acceptance 短語搭配

而这种接纳度的缺乏，

could be increasing with our use of social media.

可能会随着我们使用社交媒体而加剧。

For example,

例如，

algorithms tend to show us what we already like and agree with. 語法

算法往往会向我们推送我们已经喜欢并认同的内容。

Of course,

当然，

we can't always agree with everyone else.

我们不可能总是和所有人意见一致。

We all have personal opinions and beliefs

在宗教和政治等话题上，

on topics like religion and politics. 文化背景

我们都有个人的观点和信仰。

But some worry that it's becoming more and more common 講解

但一些人担心，越来越普遍的现象是，

to react with violence when they disagree 短語搭配

当人们意见不合时，会用暴力来回应，

than to solve disagreements together peacefully.

而不是和平地共同解决分歧。

So are we becoming a more divided society? 用詞

那么，我们是否正在变成一个更加分裂的社会呢？

Divided means in disagreement with and separated from others, 用詞

“Divided”（分裂的）的意思是与他人意见不合、相互分离，

to not be together.

无法团结在一起。

And how can we be more accepting and open to the opinions of others? 短語搭配

而我们要如何才能更加接纳和对别人的意见保持开放呢？

That's what we'll be discussing in this program. 表達脈絡

这就是我们本期节目要讨论的内容。

And as usual,

像往常一样，

we'll be learning some useful new words and phrases.

我们还会学习一些实用的新单词和短语。

Remember,

记住，

you can find all the vocabulary from this program on our website,

你可以在我们的网站上找到本期节目的所有词汇，

bbclearningenglish.com.

网址是 bbclearningenglish.com。

But first,

但首先，

I have a question for you, Beth.

我有个问题想问你，Beth。

According to a recent Ipsos poll, 短語搭配

根据益普索（Ipsos）最近的一项民意调查，

what percentage of the British population

英国人口中有多少比例

believes society is divided?

认为社会正在分裂？

Is it A) 20%,

是 A) 20%，

B) 50%,

B) 50%，

or C) 80%?

还是 C) 80%？

Oh,

噢，

I'm going to say 50%. 語氣意圖

我猜是 50%。

Well,

好的，

we'll find out the answer later in the program. 短語動詞

我们稍后会在节目中揭晓答案。

Paul Dolan,

伦敦政治经济学院行为科学教授

professor of behavioral science at the London School of Economics,

保罗·多兰（Paul Dolan）

thinks we should learn how to control our emotions 語法

认为，我们应该学会在意见不合时控制自己的情绪，

and be open to discussions when we disagree. 短語搭配

并对讨论保持开放态度。

Here,

在这里，

he explains more about how to do this

他在 BBC 世界频道《All in the Mind》节目中，

on BBC World Service program All in the Mind.

进一步解释了如何做到这一点。

Generally,

一般来说，

We're going to be making better decisions 語法

如果我们冷静下来，做出的决定会更好，

and more respectfully if we calm down. 短語動詞

并且也会更尊重他人。

It takes 15 minutes when you're proper aroused 講解

当你真正处于激动状态时，

for the amygdala to calm down. 文化背景

大脑杏仁核需要 15 分钟才能平复。

But within a few seconds,

但在几秒钟内，

it can start calming down, right?

它就可以开始平复，对吧？

You take a deep breath and you start feeling calmer. 短語搭配

你深吸一口气，就开始觉得平静些了。

It's not to say that always being calm is good. 表達脈絡

这并不是说总是保持平静就好。

Anger can be motivational 用詞

愤怒也可以是一种动力，

and positive emotions actually can be very good for us.

而且积极的情绪实际上对我们非常有好处。

Generally,

总的来说，

people make better decisions

当人们更开心的时候，他们做出的决定更好，

and are more engaging and more open when they're happier.

而且也更具吸引力和更开放。

But much of the time it will be just a case of calming down 短語搭配

但在大多数情况下，只要冷静下来就好，

to try and take some of the heat out of the environment. 習語

试着给当下的环境降一降温。

Paul thinks we should take time to calm down

保罗认为我们应该花点时间冷静下来，

when we feel aroused, 用詞

当我们感到‘aroused’（被激起）时，

which here means to feel anger or strong disagreement. 表達脈絡

在这里意思是感到愤怒或强烈的不满。

He said it takes 15 minutes for the amygdala,

他说，杏仁核需要15分钟，

the part of the brain that experiences emotions,

也就是大脑中体验情绪的部分，

to calm down when we're aroused.

才能在我们处于激动状态时平复下来。

While anger can be motivational, 語法

虽然愤怒可以是一种动力，

make us more determined and enthusiastic, 語法

能让我们更有决心和热情，

Paul says people can speak more openly when they're happier,

但保罗说，当人们更快乐的时候，能够更坦诚地交流，

when heat is taken out of the environment.

也就是当环境中的火气被消除的时候。

Heat in this context means an intense feeling, 用詞

在这里的‘Heat’（热度）指的是一种强烈的情感，

like anger.

比如愤怒。

Now,

那么，

one recent dating experiment

最近有一项约会实验

looked into what people say they want in an ideal partner, 講解

调查了人们表示自己在理想伴侣身上看重什么，

according to their dating profile. 文化背景

依据的是他们的约会档案。

Researchers found that many single people

研究人员发现许多单身人士

included details on things like what they want their partner to look like, 語法

写下了他们希望伴侣长什么样、

their height,

身高多少、

the political party they vote for, 文化背景

给哪个政党投票等细节，

but many also say they want a partner

但很多人也表示他们想要一个

who is open-minded and tolerant of different views. 用詞

思想开明且能包容不同观点的伴侣。

If you are open-minded,

如果你是‘open-minded’（思想开明的），

you're willing to listen to and consider new ideas. 短語搭配

就意味着你愿意倾听并考虑新想法。

However,

然而，

the researchers concluded

研究人员得出的结论是，

that while people want a partner to be open-minded and tolerant, 語法

虽然人们希望伴侣思想开明并包容，

they don't want to be very open-minded themselves.

但他们并不希望自己太过于开明。

So how can we be more open to getting to know people 短語搭配

那么，我们怎样才能更加敞开心扉去认识

that we might disagree with? 短語搭配

那些我们可能意见不合的人呢？

Here's Paul Dolan again,

保罗·多兰再次做客

talking to presenter Claudia Hammond

BBC 世界频道的《All in the Mind》节目，

of BBC World Service's All in the Mind.

与主持人克劳迪娅·哈蒙德交谈。

So I guess one very obvious answer

所以我想一个非常显而易见的答案

is to get offline. 用詞

就是断网下线。

I mean, 語氣意圖

我的意思是，

to actually just get out more and meet people 短語搭配

真正地多出去走走，去认识人，

because it's what political scientists think is the silver bullet.

因为这正是政治学家认为的‘银弹’（灵丹妙药）。

You know,

你知道，

the more you're around people that are different, 語法

你越多地和不同的人在一起，

the more you realize that actually they're not that different 用詞

你就越会意识到其实他们并没有那么不同，

and you become more tolerant and open-minded.

你也就会变得更加包容和思想开明。

So being around people that are different,

因此，去和那些与你不同的人待在一起，

I think that's probably the way that we're going to tackle that problem. 短語搭配

我认为这可能就是我们解决那个问题的方法。

Paul says political scientists think

保罗说政治学家认为

the silver bullet is to get offline and meet people. 習語

那颗‘银弹’（灵丹妙药）就是放下网络，去和人见面。

A silver bullet means a simple solution

‘A silver bullet’的意思是对一个复杂问题

to a complicated problem.

给出的简单解决方案。

By meeting people who have different opinions and beliefs to you, 語法

通过去见那些与你观点和信仰不同的人，

the more you'll realize they're not that different to you at all. 語氣意圖

你会越来越意识到他们和你其实并没有什么不同。

And that could make you more accepting

这会让你变得更加包容，

and lead to a society that is less divided. 短語搭配

并促成一个少一点分裂的社会。

And speaking of divided, 表達脈絡

说到分裂，

isn't it time you revealed the answer to your question, Neil? 語氣意圖

Neil，是时候公布你那个问题的答案了吧？

Yes,

是的，

I asked what percentage of the British population

我问过英国人口中有多大比例

believes society is divided,

认为社会正在分裂，

according to a recent poll by the organization Ipsos.

这是根据益普索组织最近的一项民调得出的。

I said 50%.

我猜的是 50%。

Was that correct?

对吗？

It was not correct.

不对。

It is in fact 80%. 表達脈絡

实际上是 80%。

Wow,

哇，

that's a lot.

那可真多。

Okay,

好的，

let's recap the vocabulary we've learned in this program,

让我们复习一下在这个节目中学到的词汇，

starting with divided,

从‘divided’开始，

which means in disagreement,

意思是意见不合，

not together.

无法团结在一起。

Aroused means

‘Aroused’的意思是

feel a strong emotion like anger.

感受到如愤怒般的强烈情绪。

If something is motivational,

如果某事物是‘motivational’（有激励作用的），

it makes us determined and enthusiastic.

它会让我们变得有决心且充满热情。

Heat means

‘Heat’意思是

an intense feeling like anger.

一种如愤怒般的强烈感觉。

If you are open-minded,

如果你是‘open-minded’（思想开明的），

you are willing to listen to and consider new ideas.

你愿意倾听并考虑新的想法。

And finally,

最后，

a silver bullet means

‘a silver bullet’的意思是

a simple solution to a complicated problem.

对复杂问题的简单解决方案。

Once again,

再一次，

our 6 minutes are up.

我们的6分钟时间到了。

If you've enjoyed this

如果你喜欢这个

program, why not try practicing the new vocabulary you've learnt 語氣意圖

节目，为什么不尝试用你学到的新词汇进行练习呢？

with our worksheets?

可以配合我们的练习表。

It's available to download now from our website, 短語搭配

现在就可以从我们的网站上下载，

bbclearningenglish.com.

网址是 bbclearningenglish.com。

And you could also try out the 短語動詞

你在访问网站时也可以尝试一下

quiz while you're there.

我们的小测验。

Goodbye for now.

暂时说到这里，再见。

Goodbye.

再见。

6 Minute English

《6分钟英语》

from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com。