健康长寿的秘诀 ⏲️ 6分钟英语：英语精读讲义

6 Minute English from BBCLearningEnglish.com.

选自 BBCLearningEnglish.com 的《6分钟英语》。

Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

大家好，这里是 BBC Learning English 的《6分钟英语》。

I'm Phil.

我是 Phil。

And I'm Beth.

我是 Beth。

Gray hairs, wrinkles,

白发、皱纹

and poor eyesight are common signs that our body is growing old.

和视力不佳是身体变老的常见迹象。

Much as we'd like to, 語法

尽管我们很想避免，

we can't avoid aging.

我们却无法逃避衰老。

So,

因此，

it's important to stay healthy as we get older. 語法

随着我们变老，保持健康很重要。

In this program,

在这一期节目中，

we'll be hearing about some new research 表達脈絡

我们将听到一些新的研究，

offering fresh advice on how to stay young at heart, 講解

这些研究就如何保持“心态年轻”提供了新的建议，

an idiom meaning to keep a youthful outlook on life whatever your age. 語法

这是一个习语，意思是不管你的年龄多大，都保持年轻的生活态度。

And of course,

当然，

we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.

我们也会学到一些有用的新词汇。

But 6 Minute English isn't just about vocabulary. 表達脈絡

但《6分钟英语》不仅是关于词汇。

We improve your listening skills as well.

我们也会提高你的听力技能。

So,

那么，

why not turn on the audio subtitles 講解

为什么不打开音频字幕，

or download the script to read along as you listen. 短語動詞

或者下载文本边听边读呢。

It could also help you answer my question.

这也可能帮助你回答我的问题。

The oldest recorded person ever to have lived 語法

有记录以来最长寿的人

was a woman who was born in 1875

是一位出生于1875年的女性，

and lived to the ripe old age of 122. 習語

活到了122岁的高龄。

But which country was she from?

但是她来自哪个国家呢？

Was it A, Japan,

是 A，日本，

B, France,

B，法国，

or C, Italy?

还是 C，意大利？

Oh, I am going to say Japan. 語氣意圖

哦，我要说是日本。

Okay, Beth.

好的，Beth。

I'll reveal the correct answer later in the program. 短語搭配

我稍后在节目中会揭晓正确答案。

Aging is partly caused by the body's cells starting to decay. 語法

衰老部分是由身体细胞开始衰退引起的。

So,

因此，

you might think we're powerless to stop it. 講解

你可能会认为我们对此无能为力。

But listen to this good news from Professor Sarah Harper,

但是请听听来自 Sarah Harper 教授的好消息，

Director of the Oxford Institute of Population Aging.

她是牛津大学人口老龄化研究所的主任。

I think the really exciting thing is that even 10 years ago, 語法

我认为真正令人兴奋的是，即使在10年前，

we would have thought, yes,

我们还会认为，是的，

it's all to do with our cells. 短語搭配

这一切都与我们的细胞有关。

Now,

现在，

we understand this relationship between what we call cell and society. 表達脈絡

我们了解了我们所说的细胞与社会之间的这种关系。

And we really can make a difference. 短語搭配

我们真的可以有所作为。

And in fact,

事实上，

a recent paper just came out 短語動詞

最近刚发表的一篇论文

which said that 60% of our aging can be controlled by how we live. 語法

说我们60%的衰老可以通过我们的生活方式来控制。

Professor Harper says that 60% of aging is determined by something we can influence,

Harper 教授说，60%的衰老是由我们可以影响的事情决定的，

our lifestyle.

即我们的生活方式。

So,

那么，

what lifestyle should we choose? 表達脈絡

我们应该选择怎样的生活方式呢？

Here's Sarah Harper giving more details

以下是 Sarah Harper

to BBC Radio 4 program Inside Health.

在 BBC Radio 4 的节目《Inside Health》中给出的更多细节。

You know,

你知道，

there's obviously things like diet,

显然有饮食这样的因素，

which I think we'll come to. 短語動詞

我想我们待会儿会谈到。

But there's also a positive attitude. 短語搭配

但还有积极的态度。

Um and there's been some wonderful twin studies that have been done 用詞

嗯，而且已经进行了一些精彩的双胞胎研究，

where you've had twins and they have been able to map them across their lives. 用詞

在那里你们有双胞胎，并且他们能够追踪他们的一生。

And if you're positive, 語法

如果你态度积极，

you actually have far greater health in later life than if you're negative. 短語搭配

实际上你在晚年时的健康状况会比态度消极时好得多。

One important factor in aging well is a positive attitude. 短語搭配

健康老去的一个重要因素是积极的态度。

Feeling hopeful,

感到充满希望，

confident,

自信，

and focused on the good things in life. 短語搭配

并专注于生活中的美好事物。

This conclusion was based on several twin studies, 短語搭配

这个结论是基于几项双胞胎研究得出的，

scientific research which uses twins

这是一种使用双胞胎的科学研究，

to study the roles of genetics and environment in human development. 短語搭配

旨在研究遗传和环境在人类发展中的作用。

In studies,

在研究中，

Professor Harper found positive twins stayed

Harper 教授发现积极的双胞胎在变老时

healthier than negative twins as they aged.

比消极的双胞胎保持更健康。

Loneliness can be another problem as we get older.

随着我们变老，孤独可能是另一个问题。

Here,

在这里，

Professor Sarah Harper explains

Sarah Harper 教授解释了

how in countries like Spain, Italy, and Greece,

在西班牙、意大利和希腊等国家，

regular social interaction helps people age well. 短語搭配

规律的社交互动是如何帮助人们健康老去的。

Loneliness can have the same impact as smoking in the statistics. 語法

在统计数据中，孤独可以产生与吸烟相同的影响。

And when we talked about the Mediterranean diet,

当我们谈论地中海饮食时，

it's also got two other sides. 習語

它还有另外两面。

It's got exercise because these people tend to be outside more 語法

一面是运动，因为这些人们倾向于更多地待在户外，

because they have that kind of a climate.

因为他们有那样的气候。

But also,

但同样，

they still tend to live

他们依然倾向于

Communal meals.

共餐环境。

Absolutely.

绝对的。

They have communal meals. 用詞

他们一起就餐。

They tend to live together more in multi-generational households. 用詞

他们倾向于更多地居住在多代同堂的家庭中。

That is changing a bit.

这正在发生一些改变。

So,

所以，

there's a whole lifestyle around it. 習語

这背后有一整套生活方式。

The healthy food,

健康的食物，

such as fresh vegetables and fish,

比如新鲜蔬菜和鱼，

eaten by people living in countries around the Mediterranean Sea,

由居住在地中海沿岸国家的人们食用，

is known as the Mediterranean diet. 短語搭配

被称为地中海饮食。

Mediterranean cultures have other advantages too,

地中海文化也有其他优势，

including outdoor exercise,

包括户外运动，

which is easier in warm climates,

这在温暖的气候中更容易进行，

and communal meals,

以及共餐，

occasions where people sit down and share food together. 短語搭配

即人们坐下来一起分享食物的场合。

Mediterranean people are also more likely to live 語法

地中海人也更有可能生活

in multi-generational households,

在多代同堂的家庭中，

where people from two or more generations of a family

即一个家庭的两代或更多代人

live together in the same house.

住在同一所房子里。

Not everyone can live in the Mediterranean, 表達脈絡

不是每个人都能住在地中海，

but it seems a positive attitude and social interaction

但似乎积极的态度和社交互动

are two things we can all do to age well.

是我们所有人为了健康老去都能做到的两件事。

Speaking of which, 表達脈絡

说到这个，

uh what was the answer to your question, Phil?

嗯，你的问题的答案是什么，Phil？

Okay,

好的，

well,

嗯，

I asked you about the oldest living person ever recorded.

我问过你有记录以来最长寿的人。

I asked what country they came from,

我问过他们来自哪个国家，

and you said Japan.

你说的是日本。

Well,

好吧，

I can reveal the answer is actually France. 語氣意圖

我可以揭晓答案实际上是法国。

A lady in France lived for 122

一位法国女士活了122

years and 164 days.

年又164天。

And if you knew the answer to that,

如果你知道那个答案，

there are other questions about this program

在我们工作表上的测验中

in the quiz on our worksheet,

还有关于这个节目的其他问题，

which you can find on our website bbclearningenglish.com.

你可以在我们的网站 bbclearningenglish.com 上找到它。

Okay,

好的，

let's recap the new vocabulary 表達脈絡

让我们回顾一下新词汇

we've learned about staying young at heart,

我们学到了关于 staying young at heart（保持心态年轻），

an idiom which means to think and behave in a youthful way

这是一个习语，意味着以年轻的方式思考和行事，

in spite of growing older. 語法

尽管正在变老。

People with a positive attitude

具有积极态度的人

feel hopeful,

感到充满希望，

confident,

自信，

and focused on the good things in life.

并专注于生活中的美好事物。

Twin studies

双胞胎研究

use twins to investigate the roles of genetics

利用双胞胎来调查遗传

and environment in human development.

和环境在人类发展中的作用。

A Mediterranean diet

地中海饮食

describes the foods typically eaten

描述了居住在地中海沿岸国家的人们

by people living in countries around the Mediterranean Sea,

通常吃的食物，

including fresh vegetables,

包括新鲜蔬菜，

olive oil,

橄榄油，

and fish.

和鱼。

At a communal meal,

在共餐中，

people sit down together to talk and share food.

人们坐在一起聊天并分享食物。

And finally,

最后，

a multi-generational household

多代同堂的家庭

is when people from two or more generations of the same family live together. 語法

是指同一家庭的两代或更多代人住在一起。

Once again,

再次，

our 6 minutes are up. 習語

我们的6分钟到了。

But if you enjoyed this discussion,

但如果你喜欢这次讨论，

then head over to the BBC Learning English website 短語動詞

那就去 BBC Learning English 网站

to find the accompanying worksheets and quiz

寻找配套的工作表和测验，

along with loads of other programs and resources to help you learn English. 短語搭配

以及大量帮助你学习英语的其他节目和资源。

See you there.

那里见。

Bye.

再见。

6 Minute English from BBCLearningEnglish.com.

选自 BBCLearningEnglish.com 的《6分钟英语》。