性别歧视：女农民的反击 ⏲️ 6分钟英语：英语精读讲义

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com 的 6 Minute English。

Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

你好，这里是 BBC Learning English 的 6 Minute English。

I'm Neil.

我是 Neil。

And I'm Beth.

我是 Beth。

If you've ever tried growing vegetables, 語法

如果你曾尝试过种蔬菜，

you'll know it's not easy.

你就会知道这并不容易。

They need water,

它们需要水、

soil, and plenty of sunlight.

土壤，以及充足的阳光。

Plus, you have to keep away weeds and insects. 短語動詞

此外，你还得防除杂草和昆虫。

But in some countries,

但在某些国家，

female farmers face a different problem 短語搭配

女性农民面临着一个不同的问题

growing and selling vegetables.

在种植和销售蔬菜时。

Sexism, 用詞

性别歧视，

the mistreatment of one sex

即由于相信某一种性别更优秀，

based on the belief that the other is better, 語法

而对另一种性别的不平等待遇，

usually that men are better than women.

通常认为男性优于女性。

According to the United Nations, 短語搭配

根据联合国的数据，

over 40% of farmers globally are women,

全球超过40%的农民是女性，

a number which rises to almost 50% 語法

这个数字上升到了将近50%

in lower and middle-income countries.

在中低收入国家。

Although these women manage farms, 語法

尽管这些女性经营农场、

look after crops and sell their produce at markets, 短語動詞

照料庄稼并在市场上销售她们的农产品，

female farmers face sexism in societies

女性农民在某些社会中仍面临性别歧视，

where women are expected to raise children 語法

在这些社会中，女性被期望抚养孩子

and stay at home.

并留守家中。

In this programme,

在本期节目中，

we'll be digging into ideas 短語動詞

我们将探讨一些举措

helping female farmers in Bangladesh and Peru

帮助孟加拉国和秘鲁的女性农民

to earn a fair price 短語搭配

获得公平的报酬

for the food they grow.

为她们种植的食物。

And as usual,

像往常一样，

you'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.

你还会学到一些有用的新词汇。

But first,

但首先，

I have a question for you, Beth.

我有一个问题问你，Beth。

According to the UN's World Food Programme 文化背景

根据联合国的世界粮食计划署

or WFP,

或称 WFP 的数据，

what is the world's most popular vegetable?

世界上最受欢迎的蔬菜是什么？

Is it A, onions,

是 A，洋葱，

B, tomatoes,

B，西红柿，

or C, peppers?

还是 C，辣椒？

I think the answer is tomatoes.

我认为答案是西红柿。

Okay, Beth.

好的，Beth。

I'll reveal the answer later in the programme.

我将在节目稍后揭晓答案。

Poppy farms a small garden in rural Bangladesh, 用詞

Poppy 在孟加拉国农村的一个小菜园里务农，

where she grows cucumbers, spinach, and okra.

她种植黄瓜、菠菜和秋葵。

Although around half of Bangladeshi farmers are female,

虽然大约一半的孟加拉国农民是女性，

they're not always welcome at the marketplace, 語氣意圖

但她们在市场上并不总是受欢迎，

where they face harassment or are underpaid for their produce. 用詞

在那里她们会面临骚扰，或者农产品被压价。

Now, Poppy has joined hundreds of other female farmers

现在，Poppy 加入了数百名其他女性农民的行列

using a new online app.

使用一款新的在线应用程序。

The e-commerce platform is called Farm To Go, 用詞

这个电子商务平台名叫 Farm To Go，

and farmers can sell their produce without revealing their identity, 短語搭配

农民们可以不露身份地销售她们的农产品，

thereby getting a fairer price than at the market. 表達脈絡

从而获得比市场上更公平的价格。

Here's Poppy telling more to Salman Saeed,

下面是 Poppy 向 Salman Saeed 讲述的更多内容，

reporter for BBC World Service program

他是 BBC World Service 节目

People Fixing The World.

People Fixing The World 的记者。

By selling here, 語法

通过在这里销售，

we get more profit.

我们能获得更多利润。

For example,

例如，

if we sell a product in the market at 30 taka, 短語搭配

如果我们在市场上卖30塔卡的产品，

we can sell it here at 32 or 33 taka.

我们可以在这里卖32或33塔卡。

That's what makes us very happy. 語法

这让我们非常高兴。

It also saves time.

这也节省了时间。

As after selling the products,

因为卖完产品后，

we can come home and spend time with the family

我们就可以回家和家人共度时光

and can also work in the vegetable garden.

还能在菜园里干活。

33 taka is about 30 US cents. 文化背景

33塔卡大约是30美分。

With 300 women currently using the app in Bangladesh, 語法

目前在孟加拉国有300名女性在使用这款应用，

and while the 3 cents extra might sound small, 表達脈絡

虽然多出3美分听起来可能很少，

over the course of the year, 短語搭配

但在过去一年中，

as prices fluctuate, 用詞

随着价格的波动，

the WFP say the average monthly revenue for each farmer 用詞

WFP 表示每个农民的平均月收入

using the app has risen dramatically. 短語搭配

使用这款应用后出现了大幅上升。

In the long run, 短語搭配

从长远来看，

the hope is that it will also be possible 短語搭配

我们希望这也将可能

to challenge and change attitudes around gender. 短語搭配

挑战并改变人们对性别的态度。

But in the meantime, 短語搭配

但在那之前，

the extra money she makes per sale 用詞

她每次销售多赚的钱

makes a big difference to Poppy and her family. 習語

对 Poppy 和她的家人产生了重大影响。

Although the app only increases Poppy's profits a little,

虽然这款应用仅仅让 Poppy 的利润增加了一点，

they soon add up because vegetable prices fluctuate. 短語動詞

但很快就积少成多，因为蔬菜价格在波动。

They continually change,

它们在不断变化，

moving up and down.

上下浮动。

According to the WFP,

根据 WFP 的说法，

the incomes of farmers using the app have risen dramatically.

使用该应用的农民的收入出现了大幅上升。

They've increased suddenly and surprisingly.

它们突然且出人意料地增加了。

That makes a big difference to Poppy.

这对 Poppy 产生了重大影响。

To make a big difference is an idiom

To make a big difference 是一个习语

meaning to significantly improve a situation.

意思是显著改善某种情况。

It's good news for female farmers in Bangladesh,

这对孟加拉国的女性农民来说是个好消息，

but problems continue in many other places,

但在许多其他地方，问题依然存在，

often because it's the man in the family 語法

通常是因为家中的男性

who controls the household finances. 用詞

控制着家庭财务。

Here, reporter Craig Langran explains

下面由记者 Craig Langran 介绍

a finance scheme helping female coffee growers in Peru 用詞

一项帮助秘鲁女性咖啡种植者获得融资的计划

to BBC World Service Programme,

在 BBC World Service 节目

People Fixing The World.

People Fixing The World 中。

So, I came across a project in Peru recently, 短語動詞

所以，我最近在秘鲁偶然发现了一个项目，

and they're helping female coffee growers to access finance. 用詞

他们正在帮助女性咖啡种植者获取融资。

Mhm.

嗯。

So, how it works, it's a type of savings and credit union, 講解

所以，它的运作方式是，它是一种储蓄信用合作社，

and people living nearby can each chip in 講解

住在附近的人每人都可以凑

a small amount of money,

一小笔钱，

which can then be accessed by a farmer 語法

这笔钱随后可供某个农民使用

if she needs a loan to,

如果她需要贷款，

say, buy a new bean processing machine or something like that. 講解

比如，购买一台新的咖啡豆加工机之类的。

Right.

对。

Female farmers in Peru have started a savings and credit union.

秘鲁的女性农民建立了一个储蓄信用合作社。

This is a kind of cooperative bank 短語搭配

这是一种合作银行

where members pool their savings together 用詞

成员们把他们的储蓄汇集在一起

so they can lend funds to each other. 語法

这样她们就可以互相借用资金。

Each member chips in,

每个成员都 chip in，

everyone gives a small amount of money

即每个人拿出一小笔钱

to pay for something together.

共同支付某样东西的费用。

Getting back to vegetables, 表達脈絡

说回蔬菜，

I think it's time to reveal the answer to my question, Beth. 短語搭配

我想是时候揭晓我的问题的答案了，Beth。

According to the UN,

根据联合国的说法，

what is the world's most popular vegetable?

世界上最受欢迎的蔬菜是什么？

I guessed it was tomatoes.

我猜是西红柿。

Which was the correct answer.

这正是正确答案。

Technically a fruit, 表達脈絡

从技术上讲它是水果，

nutritionists count tomato as a vegetable. 短語搭配

但营养学家把西红柿算作蔬菜。

In fact, the most commonly used vegetable in the world.

事实上，它是世界上最常用的蔬菜。

Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned in this programme 表達脈絡

好了，让我们复习一下我们在本期节目中学到的词汇

on female farmers battling sexism. 習語

关于女性农民对抗性别歧视。

That's the mistreatment of one sex based on the belief that the other one is better,

那是基于一种性别比另一种性别更优越的信念而对某一性别的虐待，

usually that men are better than women.

通常认为男性比女性更优越。

If something fluctuates, it keeps changing,

如果某事物 fluctuates，意味着它不断变化，

moving up and down.

上下浮动。

To rise dramatically means to increase in a sudden and surprising way.

To rise dramatically 意思是突然而出乎意料地增加。

The idiom to make a big difference means to significantly improve a situation.

习语 to make a big difference 的意思是显著改善某种情况。

A savings and credit union is a cooperative bank

A savings and credit union 是一家合作银行

where members pool their savings together

在这里成员们把他们的储蓄汇集在一起

so they can borrow money from each other.

这样她们就可以互相借钱。

And finally, if you chip in,

最后，如果你 chip in，

you contribute some money

你捐助一些钱

so a group of you can pay for something together.

以便你们一群人可以共同支付某物的费用。

Once again, our 6 minutes are up. 短語搭配

我们的六分钟又到了。

Join us next time for more trending topics

下次加入我们，探讨更多热门话题

and useful vocabulary here at 6 Minute English.

和实用词汇，尽在 6 Minute English。

Goodbye for now.

暂时再见。

Bye.

拜拜。

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com 的 6 Minute English。