酒精是如何导致断片的？ - 珊农·奥德尔：英语精读讲义

请用 ask 的过去式和“代词 + each + to + 动词”结构完成句子，并使用 them 和 redraw：The researcher ____ the picture from memory.

在叙事中，The twist? 表示什么？

1. 说话人马上要揭示一个意外的转折。
2. 说话人准备在不给出答案的情况下结束故事。
3. 说话人在要求某人转动物体。

哪句话最适合用于描述酒精影响的正式报告？

1. The report stated that the driver was intoxicated.
2. The report stated that the driver was drunk.
3. The report stated that the driver was celebrating.

用以 Despite 开头、并用 this 回指第一句的两词连接语完成句子：The road was icy. ____, the bus arrived on time.

请用包含介词的完整 pay attention 表达补全句子：During the safety briefing, please ____ the instructions.

哪句话正确表示火车在我们到达站台之前不久已经离开？

1. When we reached the platform, the train just leaves.
2. When we reached the platform, the train had just left.
3. When we reached the platform, the train has just left.

用 a mere + 给定数量完成句子，强调十分钟短得出人意料：The technician fixed the problem in ____.

用表示“什么也没想起来”的过去时习语完成句子：I tried to remember the door code, but I ____.

哪句话中的 blacked out 表示酒精造成的记忆断片？

1. After drinking heavily, Jordan stayed awake at the party but later realized he had blacked out.
2. The editor blacked out the names before releasing the report.
3. Jordan forgot where he had left his keys for a minute.

用 noise 作主语、has 作动词来完成句子，并省略宾语关系代词：We measured the impact ____ on concentration.

哪个句子自然地使用了这两个目标搭配？

1. After the concert, Leo could still hold a detailed conversation and navigate the walk back to his hotel.
2. After the concert, Leo could still make a detailed conversation and navigate the walk back to his hotel.
3. After the concert, Leo could still hold a detailed conversation and navigate to the walk back to his hotel.

请用准确的四词结构 what + be + known as 完成句子：The sudden change can trigger ____ a chain reaction.

某人一时想不起同事的名字，几秒后又想起来了。哪句话最准确地描述了这种情况？

1. It was an alcohol blackout.
2. It was a brief memory lapse.
3. It was permanent memory loss.

哪句话自然地用 culprit 比喻问题的原因？

1. The engineers praised the upgrade as the culprit behind their success.
2. The engineers arrested the cable after the shutdown.
3. The engineers identified a faulty cable as the culprit behind the shutdown.

哪句话用 while 引出让步对照？

1. We waited for a while before turning it on.
2. While the laptop was updating, I made coffee.
3. While the laptop is inexpensive, it handles demanding tasks well.

用 be responsible for 的过去时形式完成句子：A damaged cable ____ the network failure.

在这句话中，lightweight and lipophilic 最符合哪种解释？

1. 它在科学上不重要，而且不含脂肪。
2. 它完全没有重量，而且会排斥所有脂质。
3. 它的分子质量相对较低，而且对脂肪有亲和力。

请用 mean 的 -ing 形式补充结果：The museum is closed today, ____ we need to come back tomorrow.

在这个科学语境中，easily dissolves into fats 是什么意思？

1. 它可以进入脂质介质并分散在其中。
2. 它使脂肪消失。
3. 它发生化学变化并变成脂肪。

哪一项最准确地解释了本句中的 outer blood-brain barrier？

1. 它表示大脑外部的所有脂肪。
2. 它指选择性的血脑界面，outer 是根据当前语境添加的修饰语。
3. 它是大脑周围一堵完全坚固的外墙的固定名称。

哪一句中的 once 与例句相同，用来设定进入某处后的新阶段？

1. The virus entered the cell once during the experiment.
2. At once, the researchers sealed the container.
3. Once inside the cell, the virus begins to copy its genetic material.

bend 和 stretch 各使用一次，并让三个动词共用一个 to：The new material allows the cable ____, ____, and resist heat.

在健康说明中，哪句话对 impair 的使用最准确？

1. The medication may impair your judgment, so your judgment must disappear forever.
2. The medication may improve your judgment by impairing it.
3. The medication may impair your judgment for several hours.

按照“慎重选择、突然的冲动、身体动作控制”的顺序，用三个目标搭配完成句子：A rested brain helps you ____, ____, and ____.

请选择正确使用 sensitive to 表示“容易受到……影响”的句子。

1. Some seedlings are especially sensitive from sudden changes in temperature.
2. Some seedlings are especially sensitive with sudden changes in temperature.
3. Some seedlings are especially sensitive to sudden changes in temperature.

请用 take in 的被动形式完成句子：When you read a sign, visual information ____ your eyes before your brain interprets it.

哪一句使用 via 引出媒介，并使用 called 给该媒介命名？

1. The device calls pulses via short signals to send data.
2. The device sends data via short signals called pulses.
3. The device sends data called pulses via short signals.

哪一句正确表达了这个关系从句的含义和结构？

1. The receptors are released by one neuron and the neurotransmitters receive another neuron.
2. One neuron is released by the neurotransmitters and received by another receptor.
3. The neurotransmitters are released by one neuron and received by receptors at another neuron.

哪一个句子用 when 从句表示触发事件，并在主句中说明通常产生的结果？

1. When the sensor detects smoke, the alarm sounds.
2. When did the sensor detect smoke yesterday?
3. The sensor detects smoke, so the alarm sounds.

用 allow 的正确形式完成表示结果的短语：The app enlarges the text, ____ older users to read it more easily.

哪句话最自然地表示“足够的光线会使传感器启动”这一普遍、可重复的机制？

1. If enough light will reach the sensor, it activates.
2. If enough light reaches the sensor, it activates.
3. If the sensor activates, enough light reaches it.

在神经科学讲解中，The neuron fires 是什么意思？

1. 产生电冲动
2. 用武器开火
3. 开始燃烧

在这段说明中，Through this process 起什么作用？

1. 它开始介绍一个与前文无关的独立过程。
2. 它把前面的步骤归纳为通向后续结果的方法。
3. 它只说明该过程发生的时间。

使用 one another 和 in 补全句子，表达速度极快的相互通信：The two sensors can communicate ____ milliseconds.

用表示“从一个时刻到下一个时刻持续更新”的高亮复合形容词完成句子：The control room relies on ____ updates during the emergency.

使用高亮的 make it harder for 结构，并用 make 的正确形式完成句子：A weak internet connection ____ the class to follow the live lesson.

使用 while + 过去分词，选择下列句子的正确省略形式：Although the device is damaged, it can still store data.

1. While the device damaged, it can still store data.
2. While damaged, the technicians can still store data on the device.
3. While damaged, the device can still store data.

使用 which is why 完成从原因到结果的连接：The road was flooded, ____ the buses were delayed.

例句中的 In other words 表示什么？

1. 它为前面的观点提供一个具体例子。
2. 它表示与前面的观点形成对比。
3. 它用更清楚或更简洁的方式重述前面的观点。

哪种理解保留了 highly impaired but not completely broken 的程度对比？

1. 该功能正常，完全没有受到影响。
2. 该功能受到严重削弱，但仍保留部分能力。
3. 该功能已经完全失效，不再保留任何能力。

用表示“第二项任务是另一种更困难的情况”的习语补全句子：Writing the report was easy, but presenting it to the board ____.

哪句话最准确地改写了 "The outcome is thought to depend on several factors"，同时保留其谨慎语气？

1. The outcome is considering several factors.
2. Researchers have proved that several factors always determine the outcome.
3. Researchers believe the outcome depends on several factors.

句中的 or LTP 表示什么关系？

1. 它提出两个过程供人选择。
2. 它表示 LTP 导致长期增强。
3. 它为同一个过程给出另一个名称。

neocortex 和 hippocampus 在本句中指什么？

1. 两种神经元。
2. 两种记忆测试。
3. 大脑的两个区域。

哪句话使用 trigger 表示一个事件使物理变化开始发生？

1. The sudden pressure triggers physical changes in the crystal.
2. The crystal undergoes physical changes over time.
3. The scanner records physical changes in the crystal.

在这段话中，For example 向读者传达了什么？

1. 作者正在给出最终结论。
2. 作者正在否定前面的观点。
3. 接下来的信息是说明前面观点的一个具体事例。

哪句话正确使用“逗号 + making”分句来说明前一个分句产生的结果？

1. The new filter blocks more dust, and making the room easier to keep clean.
2. The new filter blocks more dust, making the room easier to keep clean.
3. The new filter blocks more dust, making easier the room to keep clean.

用目标结构补全句子，并把 increase 改为与单数主语一致的形式：Regular practice ____ learners will remember the material.

这句话中的 “strengthening the wiring between neurons” 是什么意思？

1. 使神经元之间的连接变得更强
2. 给神经元包上更厚的保护层
3. 在大脑内部安装电缆

“Yet, studies suggest that” 放在句首起什么作用？

1. 它表示转折，并谨慎引出研究支持的结论
2. 它宣布这一观点已经得到完全确定的证明
3. 它向读者转达研究人员的直接建议

使用高亮句型完成新句子：This enzyme ____ break down a toxin that similar enzymes cannot process.

使用 block 和 need 的正确形式，表示结果并构成简化的被动关系从句：The outage shut down the pumps, ____ the airflow ____ for cooling.

哪句话使用了与例句相同的让步对比 while？

1. While the camera was saving the picture, the screen went dark.
2. The camera saves the picture because the preview is clear.
3. While the camera shows a clear preview, it fails to save the picture.

对“The body’s alarm response was blunted”最准确的理解是什么？

1. 这种反应必然完全停止了。
2. 这种反应在物理上变得更锋利了。
3. 这种反应变弱了，或敏感度降低了。

哪句话正确使用 resulting in，表示软件更新失败导致了两小时的服务中断？

1. The software update failed after a two-hour outage.
2. The software update failed because it resulted from a two-hour outage.
3. The software update failed, resulting in a two-hour outage.

本句中的 Of course 主要起什么作用？

1. 声称任何饮酒量都会产生完全相同的影响。
2. 把话题转到一个无关的个人观点。
3. 引入一个限制，避免把前面的解释理解为绝对结论。

哪句话表示“电力故障可能导致数据丢失”？

1. A power failure can result in data loss.
2. Data loss can result in a power failure.
3. A power failure can result from data loss.

在 concentration of alcohol in the blood or BAC 中，or 表明了什么？

1. 它把 BAC 作为同一测量指标的缩写引入。
2. 它表示 BAC 是与酒精不同的另一种物质。
3. 它给出被抽血者的姓名。

用本课表达完成句子：Different people improve at different rates, so there is ____ of practice hours that guarantees success for everyone.

哪种情况最适合描述为与饮酒有关的 brownout？

1. 这个人完全想不起整个时段的任何部分。
2. 这个人清楚地记得整个晚上。
3. 这个人记得自己到达和离开，但想不起当晚的好几个片段。

这句话中的 as 和 while 表达了什么关系？

1. as 引出原因或背景，while 对比同时存在的两种状态。
2. as 只表示“只有当……时”，while 表示第二种状态在第一种状态结束后才开始。
3. as 引出结果，while 表示所有神经元持续运作了多久。

哪句话中的 pass out altogether 表示“完全失去意识”？

1. Maya stayed conscious but had an alcohol blackout and remembered nothing later.
2. Before class, Maya passed out the forms.
3. After feeling faint, Maya passed out altogether and did not respond.

把直接问句 How much have you slept? 改成嵌入式疑问来完成句子。保留缩写 you've：____ can affect your concentration.

使用表示“改变可能性，但不说明是上升还是下降”的正式短语完成句子：Poor lighting can ____ an accident.

哪句话以谨慎、非绝对的方式说明某个群体可能面临更高风险？

1. Older adults appear to be especially vulnerable to extreme heat.
2. Older adults are always harmed by extreme heat.
3. Older adults appear especially vulnerability to extreme heat.

用本课的两个单词的原因短语完成句子：The match was canceled ____ heavy rain.

使用本课的固定框架完成句子：The update shouldn't last longer than ____ for the computer to restart.

哪项描述最符合 repeatedly overdrinking？

1. 只在一次场合喝一小杯酒
2. 在多次场合饮酒过量
3. 在物理位置较高的地方喝酒

哪句话表示受伤可能会对某种能力造成持久损害？

1. A serious injury may permanently improve balance.
2. A serious injury may permanently impair balance.
3. A serious injury may briefly affect balance.

在 "During the heat wave, the cooling system worked overtime," 中，worked overtime 是什么意思？

1. 它为了应对额外需求而格外卖力地运转。
2. 它因为延长工作时间而获得了加班费。
3. 它因为没有工作需求而停止运转。

哪个句子中的 break down 与原句含义相同？

1. Enzymes break down starch into smaller sugars.
2. The bus broke down on the way home.
3. He broke down and cried after the interview.

用一个由两个英文单词组成、用于引出支持理由的表达完成句子：You can trust Lena with the key. ____, she has looked after the house before.

在这个语境中，others in a compromised state 是什么意思？

1. 正常意识、判断力或身体功能受损的其他人。
2. 已经同意妥协的其他人。
3. 正在平静权衡多个选择的其他人。

哪句话能自然地表示这则棘手的消息需要时间消化？

1. The sudden news was many for the whole family to process.
2. The sudden news was a lot for the whole family to processing.
3. The sudden news was a lot for the whole family to process.

对话刚刚提到了旅行。请用本课的两个单词完成相关话题的转场：____ travel, have you booked the hotel?

哪一个句子正确询问这种药是否会让人感到困倦？

1. Does this medicine make you to be sleepy?
2. Does this medicine make you sleepy?
3. Does this medicine make you sleepily?