你在平均水平之上还是之下？：英语精读讲义

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Do you ever wonder how you stack up to others? 講解

你有没有想过，自己和别人比起来怎么样？

For example, in North America,

比如，在北美，

if you're a male who is taller than 5 ft 9

如果你是男性，身高超过5英尺9英寸，

or a woman taller than 5 ft 3,

或者是身高超过5英尺3英寸的女性，

then you're above average.

那你就高于平均水平。

And if you weigh less than 88.3 kg

而如果男性体重低于88.3公斤，

and 74.7 kg,

女性体重低于74.7公斤，

then you're below average.

那就低于平均水平。

Worldwide, however, 表達脈絡

不过，从全球来看，

humans actually weigh 62 kg on average. 短語搭配

人类的平均体重其实是62公斤。

If you read less than 12 books a year,

如果你每年读不到12本书，

you're below average.

那你就低于平均水平。

But avid readers likely inflate this number 講解

不过，狂热的阅读爱好者很可能拉高了这个数字，

with four books per year being the most common number reported. 語法

因为最常见的回答其实是每年4本。

And if you can read faster than 300 words per minute,

如果你的阅读速度超过每分钟300个单词，

you're above average.

那你就高于平均水平。

Type more than 40 words per minute 語法

如果你的打字速度超过每分钟40个单词，

and you're also faster than the majority.

你也比大多数人更快。

If you finish a bachelor's degree or higher, 文化背景

如果你取得了学士或更高学位，

you're above average.

那你就高于平均水平。

But if you don't finish high school

但如果你没有读完高中，

and you're from an industrialized nation,

而且来自工业化国家，

you're far below average

那你就远低于平均水平，

with only about 10% not finishing.

因为只有约10%的人没能读完高中。

If you're a man who can bench press more than 135 lb,

如果你是男性，卧推能举起超过135磅的重量，

you're stronger than many.

那你的力量就胜过很多人。

And if you're a woman who can run a mile in less than 7 to 10 minutes,

如果你是女性，能在7到10分钟内跑完一英里，

you're faster than the others.

那你就比其他人更快。

If that tires you out 短語動詞

如果这让你累坏了，

and you sleep more than 6.8 hours,

而且你睡了超过6.8小时，

you're getting more than the majority.

那你的睡眠时间就超过了大多数人。

And if you wake up,

而如果你起床后，

you're drinking less than three cups of coffee per day,

每天喝不到三杯咖啡，

you're below average.

那你也低于平均水平。

Still thirsty?

还渴吗？

Most people drink three to four cups of water a day.

大多数人每天喝三到四杯水。

Too much fluid make you pee. 講解

喝太多液体会让你想尿尿。

If you're urinating less than six times a day,

如果你每天小便不到六次，

you're below average.

那你就低于平均水平。

And if you have more than one bowel movement today, 用詞

如果你今天排便超过一次，

you're probably above average based on surveys. 短語搭配

根据调查，你可能高于平均水平。

But these are not necessarily reasons for concern. 語氣意圖

不过，这些情况不一定值得担心。

The average person farts around 14 times a day,

一般人每天放屁约14次，

which is around 500 to 1,500 mL.

总体积大约为500到1500毫升。

Have a family?

成家了吗？

If you end up having more than two kids in your lifetime 短語動詞

如果你一生中有超过两个孩子，

in most of Europe and North America,

那么在欧洲和北美的大多数地区，

you're above average.

你都高于平均水平。

But if you have less than six children in Niger, 語法

但如果你在尼日尔有不到六个孩子，

you're below average.

那你就低于平均水平。

And if you're watching more than 5 hours and 4 minutes of TV each day,

如果你每天看电视超过5小时4分钟，

that's more than most. 語法

那就比大多数人都久。

That's about the same amount of time the average person spends on their mobile device. 講解

这差不多也是普通人每天使用移动设备的时长。

But if you're a teen and spending less than 9 hours a day on media,

但如果你是青少年，每天花在各类媒体上的时间不到9小时，

you're actually under the average. 用詞

那你其实低于平均水平。

The average person also simply touches their phone over 2,000 times a day.

一般人每天光是触碰手机就超过2000次。

Think you're smarter than the average person? 語氣意圖

觉得自己比一般人更聪明？

or better at driving?

或者车开得更好？

How about having better health, memory, 語氣意圖

那你是否觉得自己更健康、记忆力更好，

or being a better friend than the average person?

或者是个比一般人更好的朋友呢？

Turns out the vast majority of people 講解

事实证明，绝大多数人

also think they're better than average

也认为自己高于平均水平，

in a phenomenon called illusory superiority. 文化背景

这种现象被称为“虚幻优越感”。

It's a cognitive bias where people overestimate their own abilities and qualities 語法

这是一种认知偏差，会让人高估自己的能力和品质。

with one study revealing 87% of students at a university surveyed 語法

一项研究发现，在某所大学接受调查的学生中，87%的人

rated their academic performance above the median.

认为自己的学业表现高于中位水平。

Interestingly, people with lower IQs tend to overestimate their IQ, 講解

有趣的是，智商较低的人往往会高估自己的智商，

while people who actually have above average IQs 表達脈絡

而智商确实高于平均水平的人

tend to underestimate them.

反而往往会低估自己的智商。

Men are also more likely to overestimate their IQ by 5 points,

男性也更容易把自己的智商高估5分，

while women underestimate theirs.

而女性则会低估自己的智商。

Perhaps the most shocking is that in cognitive test, 表達脈絡

也许最令人震惊的是，在认知测试中，

even the lowest scoring groups predict that they're above average,

就连得分最低的群体也预估自己高于平均水平，

showing a strong illusion,

显示出一种强烈的错觉。

and researchers believe it's because those worst at the test 語法

研究人员认为，这是因为测试表现最差的人

are also worst at understanding the skills required to do it well. 語法

也最不了解做好这项测试所需的技能。

This paper actually won a Nobel Prize in 2000. 文化背景

这篇论文其实在2000年获得了诺贝尔奖。

In the words of Charles Bukowski, 表達脈絡

用 Charles Bukowski 的话说：

the problem with the world is that the intelligent people 講解

这个世界的问题在于，聪明人

are full of doubts, 短語搭配

总是充满怀疑，

while the stupid ones are full of confidence.

而愚蠢的人却充满自信。

If you'd like to be above average, 語氣意圖

如果你也想高于平均水平，

check out Skillshare, 短語動詞

不妨去看看 Skillshare。

who has supported this video and is giving away a 2-month free trial 短語動詞

Skillshare 赞助了本视频，还将送出两个月的免费试用，

to the first 500 of our followers that sign up.

最先注册的500名粉丝都可获得。

Skillshare is an online learning community for creators

Skillshare 是一个面向创作者的在线学习社区，

with more than 15,000 classes in design, photo, and more.

提供超过15000门设计、摄影等领域的课程。

Everyone can take a class, try a project,

每个人都可以选一门课、尝试一个项目，

and even teach a class themselves

甚至亲自开课教学。

with premium membership as low as $10 a month for unlimited access. 短語搭配

高级会员每月最低只需10美元，即可无限畅学。

Just head to the link skl.sh/asapscience

只需访问 skl.sh/asapscience，

and use the promo code asapscience to sign up 短語動詞

使用优惠码 asapscience 注册，

and learn even on their mobile app or while you're offline.

无论通过手机应用，还是在离线状态下，都能继续学习。

And subscribe for more weekly science videos every Thursday.

别忘了订阅，每周四观看更多科学视频。