如果所有人类突然消失会发生什么？ - 丹·科沃特勒：英语精读讲义

在句子 “Several small settlements grew along the river.” 中，settlements 是什么意思？

1. 无人居住的区域
2. 银行之间的付款
3. 结束诉讼的协议
4. 人们居住的地方

用 can + find 的三个词被动形式补全句子：Sea turtles ____ in warm oceans around the world.

在句子“The volunteers delivered supplies to the most isolated corners of the province.”中，the most isolated corners 是什么意思？

1. 该省最偏远、最难到达的地区
2. 建筑物内部墙面相交形成的角
3. 该省最繁忙的中心地带
4. 地图上标出的四个固定点

用一个词完成“程度—结果”结构：The lake was ____ cold that nobody could swim in it.

用目标表达的过去式完成句子：Her discovery ____ modern medicine, changing treatment for generations.

在这个科学语境中，Earth's geological record 指什么？

1. 每日天气预报的日程表
2. 学生地质学考试成绩的列表
3. 地球发出的声音的录音
4. 保存在岩石、沉积物、化石及相关材料中的地球历史证据

哪个问题最明确地询问一个与现实距离较远的假想情景会产生什么结果？

1. What would happen if humans could breathe underwater?
2. What happens if I press this button?
3. What will happen if the train is late tonight?

哪个句子使用 with + 名词短语 + -ing 结构，说明因为无人监控系统而产生的背景原因？

1. With the warning signs on the screen, someone monitored the system.
2. With no one monitoring the system, the warning signs were missed.
3. Because the system was offline, no one could monitor it.

一所学校为了节省时间缩短了午餐时间，但学生上课时更难集中注意力。哪个句子最准确地描述了结果？

1. The plan failed, so nothing changed.
2. The plan caught fire and made the problem worse.
3. The plan backfired and made the problem worse.

按照“时间长度 + after + 从句”的结构补全句首，并用 Two hours 表示时间长度：____ the backup generator stopped, the emergency lights went out.

用 flood 的正确形式完成表示结果的分句：The pipe burst, ____ the entire basement.

用“时间单位 + long”的复合形容词完成句子：The museum announced a ____ closure that would last one month.

阅读这个英文句子：“The new plant processes crude oil near the port.” plant 表示什么？

1. 生长在土壤中的生物
2. 铁路轨道
3. 工业设施
4. 一群办公室职员

underground rail system 指什么？

1. 仅供汽车使用的公路隧道
2. 建筑物下方的一根金属铁轨
3. 车站内的安全扶手
4. 主要在地下运行的城市铁路网络

哪项描述最准确地说明了 drainage pumps 的作用？

1. 把燃料输送到发动机里。
2. 测量隧道的深度。
3. 把某个区域内多余的水抽走。
4. 把饮用水加热。

哪个句子使用“逗号 + -ing 短语”来说明主句事件造成的直接结果？

1. The mechanic inspected the system that was causing the engine to overheat.
2. Because the cooling system failed, the engine began to overheat.
3. The cooling system failed, causing the engine to overheat.
4. The cooling system that failed was replaced yesterday.

哪个句子表示报告最迟必须在周五结束时完成？

1. The report must be complete by the end of Friday.
2. The report must be complete during Friday.
3. The report must be complete at the end of Friday.

用 shut down 的现在完成时完成句子：The backup server ____, so the website is offline.

哪一个句子正确使用 once，表示上传必须先完成，之后才能进行下一步？

1. Once the upload has finished, you can close the app.
2. Once the upload will have finished, you can close the app.
3. One time the upload has finished, you can close the app.
4. Unless the upload has finished, you can close the app.

用 go out 的一般过去式完成句子：The lights ____ during the storm.

请用 go 的过去式加上一个表示“没有光”的形容词完成句子：During the blackout, the whole neighborhood ____.

请使用表示“数百年来第一次”的完整英文短语完成句子：The sealed archive was opened to the public ____.

哪句话最清楚地使用句首时间短语，让说明从早期的混乱阶段推进到后续更稳定的阶段？

1. The first chaotic hour was difficult for everyone.
2. After the first chaotic hour, the rescue operation became more orderly.
3. During the first chaotic hour, the rescue team received many calls.

请用 tear apart 的现在完成时被动形式补全句子，并包括 by：Over time, the paving stones ____ repeated freezes and spreading roots.

哪句话用 erode A into B 表达逐渐受损并形成新形态？

1. Rainwater flowed through a deep channel beside the dirt road.
2. Rainwater eroded the dirt road into a deep channel.
3. Workers built a deep channel before paving the dirt road.

在环境类文章中，temperate climates 是什么意思？

1. 只位于赤道的气候区。
2. 气温总体较温和、通常有季节变化的气候区。
3. 要求人们保持自制行为的地方。

听英文完整句子并选出你听到的内容。重点听 /θ/ 后面是否有 /r/ 音。

1. She thaws the bread before lunch.
2. She throws the bread before lunch.

用目标短语的正确时态完成句子：The first cleaner turned the metal black. A second cleaner ____ in the metal.

哪项陈述正确解释了 within 200 winters？

1. 事情可以更早发生，但最迟不超过两百个冬季这一期限的结束时间。
2. 这个短语表示恰好计算两百个单独的寒冷日。
3. 事情只能在第两百个冬季发生。

哪句话正确表现了结构先 buckle、随后 tumble down 的过程？

1. The steel columns buckle, and then the roof tumbles down.
2. The steel columns stay rigid while the roof is carefully lifted.
3. The steel columns fasten a buckle, and then the roof rises.

哪个句子使用了与 cities built in river deltas 相同的被动关系从句简化结构？

1. Cities located near active volcanoes need emergency plans.
2. Cities near active volcanoes need emergency plans.
3. Cities can be located near active volcanoes.

用 wash away 的正确形式完成句子：By morning, the flood had ____ the temporary footbridge.

哪句话自然地使用 -ing 分句来说明墙体坍塌造成的直接结果？

1. The wall collapsed, filled the street with broken bricks.
2. The wall collapsed and filling the street with broken bricks.
3. The wall collapsed, filling the street with broken bricks.

这里的 all the usual enemies of the homeowner 是什么意思？

1. 这些是会威胁或损害房屋的常见住宅问题。
2. 这些人因为私人原因讨厌房主。
3. 这些是经常来拜访房主的客人。

哪一句表示没有人对一项主张提出质疑？

1. The claim went uncontested during the meeting.
2. The claim went unnoticed during the meeting.
3. The claim went unchecked during the meeting.

用 be home to 与主语一致的正确三个词形式完成句子：This protected island ____ several rare bird species.

在短语 post-human world 中，post- 表达什么意思？

1. 这是属于某个不同寻常的人的世界。
2. 这是人类出现之前的世界。
3. 这是人类时代之后的世界。

句中 local has a new meaning 的主要语篇功能是什么？

1. 它提示听者，后面的解释会重新定义 local。
2. 它结束了这个话题，并表示之后不会再讨论 local。
3. 它给出了 local 的完整词典定义。

在生态文章中，imported plants 最可能指什么？

1. 当天刚从商店购买的植物
2. 由人带到该地区的植物
3. 必须一直放在运输集装箱里的植物

请用本课中表示“不受控制地生长”的习语完成句子：Without regular pruning, the vines will ____ across the fence.

哪句话中的 adopted home 与原句使用了相同的隐喻含义？

1. After twenty years in Brazil, the writer called Rio her adopted home.
2. The couple completed the legal paperwork to adopt a child.
3. The writer spent one afternoon sightseeing in Rio.

用 coat 的过去分词和 coat A in B 结构所需的介词完成句子：By morning, volcanic ash had ____ every car ____ a fine gray layer.

哪句话中的 bank 表示河边的陆地？

1. The bank approved our loan.
2. We sat on the bank of the river.
3. She deposited the check at the bank.

哪句话使用 burst through 表达突然、有力地冲破障碍？

1. Water collected slowly in a bucket.
2. Water burst through the damaged wall and flooded the room.
3. Water stayed behind the undamaged wall.

某湖泊的污染水平在一个月内从 90 降到 15。哪句话最准确地描述了这一变化？

1. The pollution level plummeted in one month.
2. The pollution level dipped slightly in one month.
3. The pollution level remained stable for a month.

用本课中的两个词完成句子，表示结果只是可能发生而非必然发生：Better insulation lowers energy use, ____ families to save money.

哪一个短语最符合 unchecked spread of the disease 的意思？

1. the fully prevented spread of the disease
2. the carefully measured spread of the disease
3. the uncontrolled spread of the disease

判断这句话：Every non-native plant is invasive.

1. 错误
2. 正确

哪句话最恰当地用 venture into 表示尽管存在不确定性，仍进入一个陌生区域？

1. The researchers went into the office they used every day.
2. The researchers ventured into a remote cave with no reliable map.
3. The researchers described the cave as a habitat.

哪句话使用了相同的平行结构，概括对两个群体造成的相反影响？

1. The policy affects many families in several ways.
2. The policy helps some families but harms others.
3. Some families discussed the policy with others.

选择最合适的动词：The small business is not just staying open; it is growing quickly and continues to ___.

1. thrive
2. die out
3. survive

用一个由两个词组成、表示“如果没有电”的 without 短语完成句子：____, the alarm will not work.

哪句话中的 cousin 与 their urban cousins 一样使用了比喻义？

1. My cousin and I visit our grandmother together.
2. Maya's cousin lives near the city center.
3. The compact electric car is the SUV's urban cousin.

用本笔记中表示“彻底消失”的短语动词完成句子：Without younger speakers learning it, the language may ____.

哪项描述最符合 domesticated animals？

1. 经过人类许多世代繁育而形成的物种。
2. 任何住在人类房屋里的动物。
3. 任何在某个人身边变得温顺的野生动物。

用 be unable to survive without 完成句子，并根据单数主语改变 be：This deep-sea species ____ cold water.

用一个以 save 开头、表示“除……之外”的双词短语完成句子：The office was empty, ____ one security guard.

用一个含有 handful、表示“少数几个”的三个单词短语完成句子：Only ____ seats remained before the concert.

哪句话正确使用了 feral？

1. The pet cat went into the garden for an hour, so it is feral.
2. The bobcat is feral because every animal in a forest is feral.
3. The feral cats were born near the abandoned mine and avoid close contact with people.

哪个词最适合补全这组句子？When screen brightness increases, battery use often rises. ___, lowering the brightness can extend battery life.

1. For example
2. Meanwhile
3. Conversely

用表示“夜间多余人造光的程度降低”的三个词组完成句子：Around the new observatory, ____ makes the stars easier to see.

使用 whose 和 disrupt 的被动形式完成句子，使受到影响的是海龟的筑巢路线，而不是海龟本身：The documentary follows turtles ____ nesting routes ____ coastal development.

在关于电力基础设施的报告中，high-tension wires 指什么？

1. 在高电压下输送电力的电线
2. 为搭建围栏而拉紧的金属线
3. 测量人们压力的电缆

这句话中的 man-made nurseries 是什么意思？

1. 由人类造成、可供蚊子繁殖和生长的地方
2. 制造橡胶轮胎的工厂
3. 为研究蚊子的人修建的儿童托管中心

哪句话中的 last 用来描述持续时长？

1. These are the last boots on the shelf.
2. At last, the boots arrived.
3. These boots can last for many winters.

fauna and flora 在哪种语境中最自然？

1. 介绍一道蔬菜菜品的菜单。
2. 描述一个生态系统的科学报告。
3. 请别人喂一只猫的日常短信。

哪句话用句首的 as 从句把一种发展中的变化作为另一种变化的背景？

1. Maya smiled as if she knew the answer.
2. As the river becomes cleaner, more fish return.
3. As a river guide, Maya works outdoors.

用 recover 和引出伤害来源的介词补全句子：The wetlands may need years to ____ the damage caused by pollution.

句中的 the last traces of lead 是什么意思？

1. 新增加的大量铅
2. 最后仍残留的极少量铅
3. 用于追踪铅移动路线的路径

哪项背景能够帮助理解这里的 the Industrial Revolution？

1. 它是一个现代土壤清理项目的名称。
2. 它表示某家工厂运作方式中的任何小变化。
3. 它指机械化和工业化迅速发展的一个特定历史时期。

用 It may take up to + duration + for + noun + to do 补全句子：It may ____ three weeks ____ the road to reopen。

在本句中，pre-human levels 是什么意思？

1. 重大人类影响之前的二氧化碳水平
2. 高于人类测量范围的二氧化碳水平
3. 给早期人类划分的等级

句首的“But even after several million years,”在句中起什么作用？

1. 它给出人类返回的确切日期。
2. 它表示这个结果之所以发生，只是因为数百万年已经过去。
3. 它先设置一个出人意料的结果：尽管经过了极其漫长的时间，这个结果仍然成立。

请用本课中表示“继续存在”的两个词表达完成句子：Although the poet died long ago, her words ____.

哪句话正确使用句首过去分词短语来描述逗号后的主语？

1. Carved in granite, tourists photographed the monument.
2. Carved in granite, the monument has survived for centuries.
3. Carving in granite, the monument has survived for centuries.

哪项描述提供了理解拉什莫尔山为何能保存如此长时间所需的背景？

1. 拉什莫尔山是一座纪念地，总统头像直接雕刻在花岗岩山壁上。
2. 拉什莫尔山是一座陈列在博物馆内、可以移动的青铜雕像。
3. 拉什莫尔山是为公共活动搭建的临时木制舞台。

哪一句中的 chemical composition 表示材料含有哪些物质及其比例？

1. The class discussed the composition of a short essay.
2. The orchestra performed a new composition.
3. The lab analyzed the chemical composition of the soil.

用括号中的词按 keep + 宾语 + 形容词结构完成句子：This lid ____. (the soup, hot)

哪一句正确使用句首过去分词短语来描述逗号后的主语？

1. Burying deep underground, the time capsule remained dry for decades.
2. Buried deep underground, the museum displayed the time capsule.
3. Buried deep underground, the time capsule remained dry for decades.

哪一个短语是 houses that were built near the river 的正确缩略形式？

1. houses built near the river
2. houses building near the river
3. houses were built near the river

在这句话中，a kind of techno-fossil 是什么意思？

1. 用于研究古代化石的机器。
2. 像化石一样被保存下来的人造痕迹。
3. 为科技提供能源的传统化石。

用 wipe X from Y 的被动形式完成句子：After the reset, all personal data will be ____ the laptop.

这个过去与未来的平行结构主要强调什么？

1. 人类的存在是暂时的，并非没有尽头。
2. 人类确切地知道自己会在何时消失。
3. 人类一直存在，而且永远不会改变。

请用 by 加上 compare 的 -ing 形式完成句子：____ the two maps, you can spot the changes.

哪一句使用了同样的组织方式：先提出一个想象情境，再回到当下现实？

1. Without a car, Maya took the bus to work.
2. Cities have cars, roads, buses, and trains.
3. By imagining a city without cars, we can rethink the city we live in today.

用由 page 和 turning 构成的带连字符形容词完成书评：The biography gives a ____ account of her years at sea.

用本课的推荐开场语完成句子：____ a lightweight laptop for travel, this model is worth considering.

用 highly recommend 加 -ing 形式完成建议：We ____ a backup of your files before the update.

哪句话正确地把活动顺利进行归功于志愿者？

1. Thanks to our volunteers, the event ran smoothly.
2. Thanks at our volunteers, the event ran smoothly.
3. Thanks for our volunteers, the event ran smoothly.

哪句话自然地宣布某项服务目前能以低很多的价格购买？

1. The download is running at a faster rate this week.
2. The annual plan is available at a steeply discounted rate this week.
3. The battery is draining at a steady rate this week.

哪一则通知表示折扣只在有限时间内有效，而没有说库存可能售完？

1. The annual plan is 30% off for a limited time.
2. The free gift is available while supplies last.
3. Only a limited number of posters are available.

请使用 purchase 的正确形式构成简化的被动关系从句：Every ticket ____ online includes a digital receipt.

哪句话能自然地表达每次售票都为更大的支持行动贡献一份力量？

1. Each ticket sold helps supporting the youth arts program.
2. Each ticket sold helps support the youth arts program.
3. Each ticket sold supports help the youth arts program.

哪项最准确地解释了一个机构的 non-profit mission？

1. 机构追求其核心宗旨，而不把向所有者分配利润作为主要目的。
2. 该机构被禁止接收任何资金。
3. 该机构提供的所有服务都必须免费。

你刚通过电子邮件给别人发送了一篇文章。哪个结尾能友好地祝愿对方享受接下来要做的活动？

1. Happy reading!
2. Safe travels!
3. Happy birthday!