深入蚂蚁群落 - 黛博拉·M·戈登：英语精读讲义

哪个句子正确地把必要条件和这些条件所促成的结果连接起来？

1. The town might become safer without any changes.
2. Several changes need to happen for the town to become safer.
3. Several changes happened because the town became safer.

请用表示“必须存在一种方法”的准确句型完成句子：____ report damaged equipment safely.

哪一句使用清晰的并列动宾结构来描述协调工作？

1. The coordinator divided resources, organized the rescue effort, and distributed labor efficiently.
2. The coordinator divided the resources, organizing the rescue effort, and labor was distributed efficiently.
3. The coordinator divided the resources, organized, and distributed labor efficiently to the rescue effort.

请使用准确结构 imagine + having to 和动词 give 完成句子：____ the presentation without any notes.

哪句话最强烈地表示组织者没有得到任何形式的外部支持？

1. They organized the event without outside support.
2. They organized the event without any sort of outside support.
3. They organized the event with some outside support.

在这段话中，Welcome to the ant colony. 主要起什么作用？

1. 它在想象式铺垫后揭示真正的主题。
2. 它用道别来结束这个主题。
3. 它是在按字面意思邀请观众住进蚁群。

some of the most complex social organization in the animal kingdom 在这里是什么意思？

1. 蚂蚁的社会组织属于动物界中最复杂的一批。
2. 蚂蚁的社会组织是动物界唯一最复杂的系统。
3. 只有一部分蚂蚁具有任何形式的社会组织。

用高亮短语原样完成句子，表示生活在有组织的动物群落中：Bees are social insects ____ with clear divisions of labor.

例句中的 perform specific roles 是什么意思？

1. 决定哪些成员可以进入群落
2. 通过表演娱乐其他成员
3. 在群落中履行特定职能

although this may sound similar to... 在说明文中通常起什么作用？

1. 先承认表面上的相似，再引出差异。
2. 解释产生这种相似之处的原因。
3. 证明两件事的运作方式完全相同。

用所标出的表达的现在时完成句子：Many classroom misunderstandings ____ unclear instructions.

在下面的句子中，所标出的表达是什么意思？The insect's change into an adult is part of a biologically programmed cycle.

1. 它属于一个由生物机制引导、反复发生的过程。
2. 它是为昆虫制作的电脑课程。
3. 它是群体首领选择的一次性计划。

在描述蚂蚁婚飞时，winged virgin queens 是什么意思？

1. 有翅且尚未交配的雌性繁殖蚁
2. 已经交配的年轻工蚁
3. 佩戴翅膀的人类女王

哪句话正确地把 each 放在复数主语后，表示分别出发后在同一地点会合？

1. The runners each leaves from a different starting point and meets at the finish line.
2. Each the runners leave from a different starting point and meet at the finish line.
3. The runners each leave from a different starting point and meet at the finish line.

在这个科普语境中，高亮部分表达了什么意思？

1. 这些昆虫听从领袖的口头指令，然后返回巢穴。
2. 这些昆虫留下肉眼可见的标记，把地面变成巢穴。
3. 这些昆虫利用化学信号相互引导，前往交配或繁殖的地点。

用一个表示“群体中许多个体大量死亡”的双词短语动词完成下面的英文句子：After the water became polluted, many fish began to ____, although the species survived elsewhere.

用表示“建立一个可持续的动物群体”的目标表达完成句子：After leaving the old hive, the queen bee found a safe place ____.

所有申请者都已经在上下文中提到。哪句话表示“通过的那一小部分人获得了面试机会”？

1. The few that passed received an interview.
2. Few passed the test.
3. A few passed and received an interview.

用表示“建立稳定住所”的目标双词短语完成句子：After years of moving, the family decided to ____ in a quiet town.

在 selectively fertilizing some using stored sperm 中，some 指什么？using stored sperm 又说明了什么？

1. some 指几次交配；精子正在那些时候被储存。
2. some 指部分卵；stored sperm 是用来使这些卵受精的材料。
3. some 指部分储存的精子；卵被用来使这些精子受精。

用 save up 完成句子：We want to ____ enough money for a class trip.

哪个句子最明确地强调了逐渐发展的过程？

1. The small club moved into a national office.
2. The small club grew into a national organization.
3. The small club became a national organization.

用本课中表示“提供实际照料”的两个单词补全句子：Volunteers visit the shelter every day to ____ injured animals.

哪句话最自然地描述动物规律性的觅食行为？

1. The deer care about food at the edge of the forest.
2. The deer shop for food at the edge of the forest.
3. The deer forage for food at the edge of the forest.

听完整的英文句子，选择你听到的内容。注意 fertilized 前面是否有 /ʌn/。

1. Unfertilized eggs grow into males.
2. Fertilized eggs grow into males.

用表示“这名技术员唯一的职责是”的结构完成句子：The lab employs a technician ____ calibrate the instruments.

在 The seeds fall to the ground, beginning the cycle again 中，beginning the cycle again 这个短语起什么作用？

1. 它向种子发出命令。
2. 它说明种子落下所产生的结果。
3. 它说的是种子落下之前发生的事件。

在说明性演讲中，So how do these batteries store energy? 的主要篇章功能是什么？

1. 它结束话题，并表示后面不会再作解释。
2. 它引出说话人接下来要解释的机制。
3. 它要求听众先投票，演讲才会继续。

在这里，Well, they don't really. 起到什么作用？

1. 它表示说话人没有听见问题。
2. 它强烈肯定了上一个问题中的预设。
3. 它温和地否定了上一个问题中的预设。

哪一句正确使用 Although，先承认一个限制，再给出主要信息？

1. Although the cabin has no electricity, but it stays warm with a wood stove.
2. Although the cabin has no electricity, it stays warm with a wood stove.
3. Although the cabin has no electricity.

哪句话正确使用了强调性的 do，以纠正“这些动物不会沟通”这一看法？

1. The animals do communicate, but not with words.
2. The animals do communicates, but not with words.
3. The animals are do communicate, but not with words.

哪句话使用 through 来说明传送信息所借助的渠道？

1. The sensor sends data through radio signals.
2. The sensor sends data under radio signals.
3. The sensor sends data between radio signals.

哪一句用平行的两端正确构成了 from ... to ... 范围？

1. The course covers everything from identifying local birds to record their calls.
2. The course covers everything from identifying local birds to recording their calls.
3. The course covers everything from identify local birds to recording their calls.

请用本课中表示“正在逐渐接近……的终点”的确切五词英语表达完成句子：The research project ____ its final stage.

哪句话正确使用了 one of the most + 形容词 + 复数名词？

1. That is one of most useful tools in the lab.
2. That is one of the most useful tool in the lab.
3. That is one of the most useful tools in the lab.

用现在时的 be + to + 动词原形结构补全句子，填写两个单词：The survey team's main task ____ map the coastline carefully.

用表示“事先没有固定计划”的目标短语补全句子：The robot explored the maze ____.

用 little or no 补全句子，表示“几乎没有或完全没有”：The old phone gets ____ signal inside the tunnel.

一则正式的安全提示想表达“让孩子待在你附近”。哪句话自然且正确？

1. Keep children nearby of you at all times.
2. Keep children on your vicinity at all times.
3. Keep children in your vicinity at all times.

哪句话正确使用 Combined with... 作为开头，表示两个因素共同造成一个结果？

1. Combined with strong winds, the heavy rain made travel dangerous.
2. Combined strong winds, the heavy rain made travel dangerous.
3. Combined with strong winds, making travel dangerous.

哪句话根据现有证据作出谨慎推断，而不是表达确定结论？

1. Frequent interruptions would seem to make the room a poor place to study.
2. Frequent interruptions make the room a poor place to study.
3. Frequent interruptions definitely make the room a poor place to study.

哪句话使用了自然搭配，表达“把能源效率提高到尽可能高的程度”？

1. The redesign maximizes energy efficiency.
2. The redesign stretches energy efficiency.
3. The redesign enlarges energy efficiency.

请用 by changing 和 based on 完成句子：The coach improved the plan ____ the schedule ____ the weather forecast.

哪个句子正确地把 sense 用作动词，并用 by + -ing 说明方法？

1. Some animals are sense danger by detecting tiny vibrations.
2. Some animals sense danger by detecting tiny vibrations.
3. Some animals sense danger by detect tiny vibrations.

哪一句先用 if 从句设定条件，再用 causing 短语表示主句整体带来的进一步结果？

1. If traffic increases, delays will become more common, causing commuters to leave home earlier.
2. If traffic increases, causing commuters to leave home earlier, delays will become more common.
3. If traffic increases, delays will become more common in order to make commuters leave home earlier.

请填入以 in 开头、由三个单词组成的目的短语：The hikers started before sunrise ____ avoid the midday heat.

哪句话正确使用 where 补充说明一个地点？

1. We found a library which the study rooms stay open late.
2. We found a library where the study rooms stay open late.
3. We found a library where stays open late.

哪句话中的 cover more ground 表示“处理更多内容或取得更多进展”？

1. The snow covered the ground overnight.
2. We covered the wet ground with plastic sheets.
3. We split the report into sections so we could cover more ground.

哪句话表示逛跳蚤市场时可能会意外发现许多不同的东西？

1. At a flea market, you can come across any number of unusual objects.
2. At a flea market, you can display a fixed set of unusual objects.
3. At a flea market, you can look for one specific unusual object.

用本课中的两个单词短语补全句子，这个短语用来给过程命名：The change from liquid water to water vapor is ____ evaporation.

请使用 happen to 的过去式表示一次偶然的发现：While cleaning my desk, I ____ find the missing receipt.

请用 mark ... with ... 完成这条指示：Please ____ each box ____ a red sticker before moving day.

在句子“The beetles follow a scent trail to the fruit,”中，follow a scent trail 是什么意思？

1. 为人们修建一条步行小路。
2. 沿着气味标出的路线前进。
3. 把气味当作固体物品搬运。

用 manage to 的过去式表示最终成功：The jar lid was very tight, but Maya ____ open it.

哪一句用 once 引出触发后续结果的条件？

1. The device shut down because I pressed the button once.
2. Once the battery is depleted, the device will shut down.
3. I charged the battery once last week.

用 stop + write 的 -ing 形式完成句子：When time is up, ____ and put down your pencil.

用 dissipate 的正确形式完成句子：As the breeze entered, the smoke slowly ____.

用 be + no longer + attracted to 的过去时完成句子：After the bait was removed, the insects ____ the trap.

哪句话最能表示一个工具起初看起来粗糙或简单，后来却证明很有效？

1. The polished tool looked effective from the start.
2. The seemingly crude tool turned out to be highly effective.
3. The crude joke made everyone uncomfortable.

请用 in fact 和完整的 so useful that 结构补全句子：The old tool looked basic, but it was ____ several clinics adopted it.

哪一种解释最符合技术短语“to obtain optimal solutions from decentralized elements”？

1. 在既定条件下，从分散运作的系统组成单元中得出最佳解决方案
2. 把化学元素组合成一种完美材料
3. 通过一个中央控制者改进所有现有答案

用括号中的动词完成名词后的两个并列分词短语：The robots ____ independently and ____ simple signals completed the search. (work, exchange)

请用本课短语补全句子，表达“在理论和现实工作中都有用途”：The new algorithm has many ____.

以下哪项任务最准确地描述了 the traveling salesman problem？

1. 选择推销员能够卖出最多商品的城市。
2. 找到一条访问每个城市一次并返回出发城市的最短路线。
3. 解决旅行者出差期间遇到的个人问题。

without any central control 的哪一种解释是准确的？

1. 系统由位于中央的一间控制室操控。
2. 没有单一控制者指挥整个系统。
3. 每个部分都不遵守规则，也不进行通信。

哪句话用 yet 把“有效”表现为与“简单”形成的出人意料的转折？

1. The plan is simple yet effective.
2. The plan is simple and effective.
3. The plan has not been effective yet.

用括号中的动词完成并列的 by + V-ing 结构：We reduced errors by ____ each measurement and ____ the results carefully. (check, record)

用两个目标短语完成句子，表达先有一种可能的限制，之后仍保留另一种可能性：This camera ____ take clear photos at night, but it ____ work well in daylight.

使用 function、so 和 such 完成句子：A small emergency team can ____ effectively in ____ difficult conditions.