传统吸烟 vs 吸Juul电子烟：英语精读讲义

Cigarette smoking is the number one cause of preventable death in America, 短語搭配

吸烟是美国可预防死亡的首要原因，

killing 500,000 people each year. 語法

每年导致50万人死亡。

Vaping claims to be a safer alternative 用詞

电子烟号称是更安全的替代选择，

and with 72% of all vapes sold being the sleek new JUUL vapes, 語法

而在所有售出的电子烟中，外形简洁时尚的新款 JUUL 占了72%，

what exactly is the difference between smoking and JUULing? 講解

那么，吸烟和抽 JUUL 到底有什么区别？

Smoking a cigarette involves a narrow cylinder of paper filled with tobacco. 語法

香烟本身是一个装满烟草的细长纸筒。

The filter is made of hair-like fibers meant to trap some of the bad smoke. 短語搭配

过滤嘴由毛发般的纤维制成，目的是滤掉一部分有害烟雾。

Unfortunately, one study found smoking with a filter actually made people inhale harder, 語法

遗憾的是，一项研究发现，抽有过滤嘴的香烟反而会让人吸得更用力，

pulling in more harmful chemicals.

从而吸入更多有害化学物质。

A JUUL is an electronic cigarette designed to look like a flash drive 語法

JUUL 是一种外形酷似 U 盘的电子烟，

and is charged in a USB port.

可以通过 USB 接口充电。

It has two components.

它由两个部分组成。

One contains the battery and the system that regulates the temperature.

一部分包含电池和温度调节系统。

The other is a cartridge full of an e-liquid,

另一部分是装满电子烟液的烟弹，

which also acts as the mouthpiece. 短語搭配

同时也充当吸嘴。

These are called JUUL pods

它们被称为 JUUL 烟弹，

and can be switched out or replaced when they are empty. 短語動詞

用完后可以拆下换新。

In Canada, for example,

以加拿大为例，

a single pack of Marlboro cigarettes costs around $13,

一包万宝路香烟大约要13加元，

which consists of 20 cigarettes.

其中有20支香烟。

A JUUL pod, which has similar nicotine content to a pack of cigarettes, 語法

一个 JUUL 烟弹的尼古丁含量与一包香烟相近，

costs $16 and gives you roughly 200 puffs.

售价16加元，大约能吸200口。

Therefore, JUULing is more expensive,

因此，抽 JUUL 更贵，

but as are most things that claim to be healthier.

不过，大多数号称更健康的东西也都是如此。

So, let's get into what is in a cigarette versus a JUUL pod. 短語動詞

那么，我们来看看香烟和 JUUL 烟弹里分别有什么。

The main ingredient in cigarettes is cured tobacco leaves,

香烟的主要成分是经过干燥处理的烟叶，

but also recycled stems, stocks, and floor sweepings known as sheet.

但也会用到回收的烟梗、茎秆和从地板扫起的碎屑，它们会被制成所谓的“烟草薄片”。

Tobacco companies have added hundreds of ingredients to improve taste, 語法

烟草公司添加了数百种成分来改善口味，

decrease harshness and increase absorption.

减轻刺激感，并提高吸收率。

Some examples are sugars for taste, menthol to numb the throat,

例如，用糖改善口味，用薄荷醇麻痹喉咙，

and ammonia to increase nicotine absorption in your lungs.

再用氨提高肺部对尼古丁的吸收。

Studies show that, depending on the cigarette, 語法

研究表明，根据香烟种类的不同，

there are either hundreds to thousands of ingredients, 語法

其中可能含有数百乃至数千种成分，

of which many are proven to cause cancer.

很多都已被证实会致癌。

Cigarettes involve combustion and burn at a temperature between 400 to 700 degrees Celsius, 講解

香烟在抽吸时会燃烧，温度在400至700摄氏度之间，

meaning you inhale carbon monoxide, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and nitric oxide,

这意味着你会吸入一氧化碳、多环芳烃和一氧化氮，

all of which are dangerous toxins. 語法

这些全都是危险的有毒物质。

JUULing, on the other hand, 表達脈絡

而抽 JUUL 则不同，

does not involve consumption of the tobacco plant.

它并不涉及吸食烟草植物本身。

The creators of JUUL found that by adding benzoic acid to just the nicotine salts in tobacco, 講解

JUUL 的开发者发现，只要在烟草所含的尼古丁盐中加入苯甲酸，

they could mimic a cigarette's rapid nicotine delivery.

就能模拟香烟快速输送尼古丁的效果。

Unlike cigarettes,

与香烟不同，

JUUL e-liquid only consists of five ingredients, 短語搭配

JUUL 电子烟液只含五种成分，

which are benzoic acid, a nicotine solution, glycerol, propylene glycol,

分别是苯甲酸、尼古丁溶液、甘油、丙二醇，

and food grade flavoring.

以及食品级香料。

Other vape companies may use the chemical diacetyl for flavoring,

其他电子烟公司可能会使用双乙酰来调味，

which can cause dangerous lung inflammation,

这可能引发严重的肺部炎症，

but JUUL makes a point to not include this chemical. 短語搭配

但 JUUL 特意不添加这种化学物质。

The temperature needs to be at least 150 degrees Celsius 語法

温度至少要达到150摄氏度，

to create an inhalable aerosol. 用詞

才能产生可吸入的气溶胶。

Therefore, there is no combustion reaction,

因此，这里不会发生燃烧反应，

which means decreased toxins.

也就意味着有毒物质更少。

For now, science says that JUULing is healthier than smoking, 表達脈絡

就目前而言，科学研究认为，抽 JUUL 比吸烟更健康，

but they both involve consumption of a similar amount of a mind-altering drug. 用詞

但两者都会让人摄入相近剂量的精神活性物质。

Whether you smoke or JUUL, 語法

无论你吸香烟还是抽 JUUL，

you are inhaling nicotine into your chest,

都会把尼古丁吸进肺部，

where it passes through the thin membrane of your lungs and into your bloodstream.

它会穿过肺部薄薄的膜，进入血液。

From there, the nicotine is carried to the brain

随后，尼古丁会被输送到大脑，

and within seconds,

并在短短几秒内，

it binds to neurons in the reward pathway of your brain. 用詞

与大脑奖赏通路中的神经元结合。

This is the part of the brain that evolved to make you feel good after doing biologically important things,

大脑的这个区域经过进化，会让你在做完对身体很重要的事情后感觉良好，

like eating or exercising.

比如进食或运动。

The inhaled nicotine cheats the system by fitting right into the receptors in this pathway, 習語

吸入的尼古丁会骗过这套系统，因为它恰好能嵌入这条通路的受体中，

causing the release of a neurotransmitter called dopamine.

从而促使一种叫作多巴胺的神经递质释放出来。

This causes the cigarette you smoked or the JUUL you vaped to make you feel good, 語法

这样一来，无论抽的是香烟还是 JUUL，你都会感觉很好，

satisfied, and happy.

感到满足和快乐。

Nicotine can wake you up if sleepy 講解

困倦时，尼古丁能让你清醒，

or calm you down if stressed.

压力大时，它又能让你平静下来。

So, it is no wonder nicotine is extremely addictive. 短語搭配

所以，难怪尼古丁极易让人上瘾。

The popularity of JUULing amongst young people means less are smoking cigarettes, 講解

JUUL 在年轻人中很流行，这意味着抽香烟的年轻人变少了，

which some epidemiologists think is a good thing. 語法

一些流行病学家认为这是件好事。

However, JUULing is also very new,

然而，抽 JUUL 还是一种很新的现象，

which means there is no long-term studies to uncover any hidden negative effects. 語法

这意味着目前还没有长期研究能揭示任何潜藏的负面影响。

The best thing you can do right now for your health 語法

眼下，你能为健康做出的最好选择，

is to skip nicotine products altogether. 用詞

就是彻底远离尼古丁产品。

If you want to know even more about JUULing,

如果你想进一步了解 JUUL，

we just uploaded the newest episode of our podcast Sidenote to YouTube,

我们刚刚把播客 Sidenote 的最新一期上传到了 YouTube，

where we talk about the new FDA regulations,

这一期我们聊了 FDA 的新规，

our first time smoking,

还有我们第一次吸烟的经历，

and scientifically debate whether or not we think JUULing is good. 語法

并从科学角度辩论抽 JUUL 到底是不是件好事。

Click here to listen on YouTube

点击这里，在 YouTube 上收听，

or subscribe to Sidenote wherever you get your podcasts.

或在你常用的播客平台订阅 Sidenote。