世界如何爱上快餐 ⏲️ 6分钟英语：英语精读讲义

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com

来自 bbclearningenglish.com 的 6 分钟英语

Hello,

你好，

this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

这里是 BBC 英语教学的 6 分钟英语。

I'm Phil.

我是菲尔。

And I'm Beth.

我是贝丝。

Love it or hate it, 短語搭配

不管你喜不喜欢，

there's no doubt fast food is popular. 短語搭配

毫无疑问快餐很受欢迎。

Are you a fast food fan, Beth?

你是快餐爱好者吗，贝丝？

Um, not really, no. 語氣意圖

嗯，不太算，不是。

I think sometimes it can be quite convenient, 語氣意圖

我觉得有时候它可能很方便，

obviously, because it's quick,

显然，因为它很快，

but not really.

但并非真的很喜欢。

Well,

好吧，

whatever you think about them, 表達脈絡

无论你怎么看它们，

fast food brands like KFC,

像肯德基这样的快餐品牌，

Domino's,

达美乐，

and of course the big one,

当然还有巨头，

McDonald's,

麦当劳，

are incredibly successful.

都取得了令人难以置信的成功。

In this program,

在今天的节目中，

we'll be discussing the global spread of fast food from its beginnings in 1950s America. 表達脈絡

我们将讨论快餐从 20 世纪 50 年代的美国起步以来的全球扩张。

As usual,

像往常一样，

we'll be learning some useful new words and phrases.

我们将学习一些有用的新单词和短语。

But first,

但首先，

I have a question for you, Beth.

我有一个问题要问你，贝丝。

Roughly,

粗略估计，

how many fast food restaurants are there in the UK? 語法

英国有多少家快餐店？

Is it A,

是 A，

4,000,

4,000家，

B,

B，

42,000,

42,000家，

or C, 4 million?

还是 C，400万家？

I'm going to go for B, 語氣意圖

我选 B，

42,000.

42,000家。

Okay,

好的，

well,

那么，

later on we'll find out the answer. 短語動詞

稍后我们会揭晓答案。

In the United States,

在美国，

cheap and easy food like hamburgers,

像汉堡包这样便宜又方便的食物，

french fries,

炸薯条，

and milkshakes have been popular since the 1950s. 語法

和奶昔自 20 世纪 50 年代以来就一直很受欢迎。

Listen as Adam Chandler,

来听听亚当·钱德勒，

author of the book Drive-Through Dreams,

《免下车梦想》一书的作者，

which traces the history of American fast food, 用詞

该书追溯了美国快餐的历史，

tells BBC World Service program The Food Chain

他在 BBC 世界频道节目《食物链》中讲述了

how it all got started. 短語搭配

这一切是如何开始的。

At the heart of the story of fast food is a very anyone can do this sense. 習語

快餐故事的核心是一种“任何人都能做到”的感觉。

A lot of the company founders didn't have a college degree,

很多公司创始人都没有大学学历，

who didn't have a high school degree in a lot of instances,

在很多情况下他们甚至没有高中文凭，

didn't come from money, 習語

并非出身富贵，

were oftentimes just people

他们通常只是一些

who were ready to plug themselves into a system that would work for them. 短語動詞

准备好融入一个对自己有效的系统中的普通人。

And it did.

而且确实奏效了。

it made opportunity very, 語法

它让机会变得非常、

very easy in a time when that was a new part of the American experience.

非常容易获得，在那个时代，这是美国人经历的全新部分。

So,

所以，

it was the American dream in a very small way 表達脈絡

最初它是非常微小的美国梦

that became the American dream in a very big way.

后来变成了非常宏大的美国梦。

The rise of fast food reflected the rise of American economic power 表達脈絡

快餐的崛起反映了美国经济实力的崛起

after the Second World War.

在二战之后。

When Adam says that this lies at the heart of the story,

当亚当说这是故事的核心（at the heart of）时，

he means it's the most important part of the story.

他的意思是它是故事中最重要的部分。

In the 1950s,

在 20 世纪 50 年代，

when the famous brands we know today were just beginning,

当我们今天所熟知的著名品牌刚刚起步时，

anyone with a can-do attitude could sell fast food. 用詞

任何有 can-do attitude 的人都可以卖快餐。

A can-do attitude describes someone who is confident and determined

can-do attitude 描述的是自信且坚定的人，

to fix problems and achieve results.

去解决问题并取得成果。

Which is exactly what happened at successful restaurants

这正是发生在那些成功餐厅里的事

like Kentucky Fried Chicken and McDonald's.

比如肯德基和麦当劳。

For many,

对许多人来说，

these fast food brands symbolized the American Dream, 文化背景

这些快餐品牌象征着美国梦，

the idea that anyone in the United States

即在美国任何人

can achieve success through hard work and determination. 短語搭配

都能通过努力工作和决心取得成功的理念。

The success of KFC,

肯德基的成功，

McDonald's,

麦当劳，

and the rest wasn't limited to America.

以及其他的成功并不仅限于美国。

Nowadays,

如今，

you can visit two McDonald's on opposite sides of the planet 短語搭配

你可以在地球的两端分别光顾两家麦当劳

and eat exactly the same meal.

并吃到完全一样的餐点。

But not every country opened its arms in welcome. 習語

但并不是每个国家都张开双臂欢迎。

The tiny island of Iceland for one. 表達脈絡

小岛国冰岛就是其中之一。

Andie Sophia Fontaine,

安迪·索菲亚·方丹，

who used to work in McDonald's, 語法

曾经在麦当劳工作过，

now edits The Iceland Review.

现在是《冰岛评论》的编辑。

Here,

在这里，

she tells BBC World Service program The Food Chain how McDonald's got a frosty reception 習語

她在 BBC 世界频道节目《食物链》中讲述了麦当劳如何遭遇了冷遇

when it started selling burgers in Iceland's capital,

当它开始在冰岛首都卖汉堡时，

Reykjavik.

雷克雅未克。

There's been a long-standing burger culture in Iceland. 用詞

冰岛一直有着源远流长的汉堡文化。

They have their own take on the hamburger, 短語搭配

他们对汉堡有自己独特的做法，

wherein they'll use lettuce and raw cucumbers 用詞

他们会用生菜和生黄瓜

and a type of fry sauce that's called a shalpurborgari, or a shop burger.

以及一种叫做 shalpurborgari（或者 shop burger）的薯条酱。

And that's been around for ages. 短語搭配

那已经存在很久了。

Yeah,

是的，

so that McDonald's they struggled to try to maintain a market. 短語搭配

所以麦当劳他们挣扎着试图维持市场。

The final nail in the coffin was the Global Financial Crisis in 2008-2009. 習語

最后的致命一击是 2008-2009 年的全球金融危机。

Iceland already had a long-standing tradition of eating burgers,

冰岛早已有吃汉堡的长久（long-standing）传统，

a tradition that had existed for a long time.

一个存在了很长时间的传统。

For example,

例如，

the shalpurborgari or shop burger was a take on or variation of the American hamburger.

shalpurborgari 或 shop burger 就是对美国汉堡的一种独特呈现或变体（take on）。

McDonald's weren't as successful in Iceland as they'd been elsewhere. 語法

麦当劳在冰岛并不像在其他地方那样成功。

And the Global Financial Crash of 2008 was the final nail in the coffin,

而 2008 年的全球金融崩盘是压死骆驼的最后一根稻草（the final nail in the coffin），

an event which caused the failure of something that had already started to go wrong. 短語搭配

这一事件导致了原本就已经开始出问题的事物最终失败。

To this day, 表達脈絡

直到今天，

there are no McDonald's in Iceland,

冰岛仍然没有麦当劳，

unlike Britain,

不像英国，

which reminds me of your question, 表達脈絡

这让我想起了你的问题，

Phil.

菲尔。

Yes,

是的，

I asked you how many fast food restaurants there are in Britain.

我问你英国有多少家快餐店。

I asked you if there were 4,000,

我问你是不是有 4,000家，

42,000,

42,000家，

or 4 million.

或者是 400 万家。

And of course,

而当然，

the answer is 42,000.

答案是 42,000家。

So,

所以，

you were right.

你说对了。

Well done.

做得好。

Okay,

好的，

let's recap the vocabulary we've learned, 表達脈絡

让我们回顾一下今天学到的词汇，

starting with at the heart of,

首先是 at the heart of，

meaning the most important part or the cause of something.

意思是某事最重要的部分或其原因。

If you say that someone has a can-do attitude, 表達脈絡

如果你说某人有 can-do attitude，

you mean they are confident to take action,

你的意思是他们有信心采取行动，

fix problems,

解决问题，

and deal with new challenges. 短語動詞

并应对新的挑战。

The American Dream is the belief that everyone in the USA

The American Dream 是一种信念，即美国的每个人

has the opportunity to be successful and happy

都有机会获得成功和幸福，

if they work hard.

只要他们努力工作。

The adjective long-standing means having existed for a long time.

形容词 long-standing 意思是存在了很长时间的。

A take on something means a variation or new way of presenting it.

A take on something 意思是对某事的一种变体或新的呈现方式。

And finally,

最后，

the idiom The Final Nail in the Coffin

习语 The Final Nail in the Coffin

refers to an event that causes the final end of something

指的是导致某事最终完结的事件，

that had already started to fail.

而这件事本来就已经开始走向失败。

Once again,

再一次，

our 6 minutes are up. 短語搭配

我们的 6 分钟时间到了。

But why not head over to the BBC learning English website, 語氣意圖

但为什么不去 BBC 英语教学的网站看看呢，

where you'll find a worksheet and quiz especially for this program.

在那里你会找到专门为本节目准备的练习表和小测验。

See you there soon.

很快在那儿见。

Goodbye.

再见。

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com 的 6 分钟英语。