做爱时你的身体会发生什么变化？：英语精读讲义

As the Hollywood cliché goes, 表達脈絡

正如好莱坞陈词滥调所演的那样，

post-coital, some of us sit back against the headboard, 用詞

性爱后，我们中的一些人会背靠床头板坐着，

proud of our accomplishment at gratifying our lover, spouse, or one-night stand, 用詞

对自己取悦了情人、配偶或一夜情对象而感到自豪，

and then light up a cigarette. 短語動詞

然后点燃一根烟。

How was it for you? 語氣意圖

你觉得怎么样？

Good enough, you surmise,

你猜想应该还不错，

as you take a well-earned drag. 短語搭配

同时深吸了一口理所应得的烟。

Or are you the kind of person to roll over in an instant, 語法

还是说你是那种瞬间就翻身入睡的人，

perhaps leaving your bedfellow exasperated and hardly ready to catch some Z's? 習語

也许会让你的床伴感到恼火，难以入睡？

Or perhaps you spare just a moment reposing and then compose yourself and start again. 短語搭配

或者你只是稍微休息一下，然后整理好状态重新开始。

Do you cuddle up, 短語動詞

你们会依偎在一起，

have a chat, talk about deep things,

聊聊天，谈论深奥的话题，

or even request a favor of your lover? 短語搭配

甚至向你的爱人提出某个请求吗？

According to research,

根据研究，

these are all common.

这些都很常见。

But what happens to our bodies during and after sex?

但是性交期间和之后，我们的身体会发生什么呢？

That's what we'll find out today.

这就是我们今天将要探究的内容。

In this episode of The Infographics Show,

在本集《The Infographics Show》中，

what happens to your body while you are having sex.

我们将探讨性爱期间你的身体会发生什么。

Today,

今天，

we'll talk about what happens to both men and women having heterosexual sex,

我们将讨论异性发生性行为时，男性和女性分别会发生什么，

and when we say sex, 表達脈絡

当我们说“性”时，

we mean intercourse,

我们指的是性交、

lovemaking, copulation, fornication,

做爱、交配、私通，

or as the Brits say, 文化背景

或者像英国人所说的，

having it off. 習語

做那事（having it off）。

So,

那么，

let's start with the man.

让我们从男性开始。

What happens to him?

他的身体会发生什么？

At some point during sex,

在性爱的某个时刻，

men reach a point of no return. 習語

男性会达到一个不可逆转的阶段。

This is sometimes called ejaculatory inevitability. 用詞

这有时被称为不可避免的射精期。

Pulse rate and blood pressure rise,

脉搏和血压上升，

the sperm leaves him,

精子排出体外，

and his penis has contractions.

阴茎产生收缩。

Now,

现在，

he can return to resting and let his body calm down, 短語動詞

他可以回归休息，让身体平静下来，

which apparently happens faster for men than women.

这通常在男性身上发生得比女性快。

The penis becomes flaccid,

阴茎变得松弛，

and most men will have to wait some time before they can go at it again, 短語動詞

大多数男性必须等待一段时间才能再次上阵，

but it all depends on age, fitness,

但这完全取决于年龄、健康状况，

and of course,

当然，

the urge to return to the hearth of passion. 習語

还有重燃激情之火的渴望。

Some guys at this point will just want to go to sleep.

有些人这时候只想睡觉。

Is this plain rude,

这纯粹是无礼，

or is it a biological necessity?

还是生理需要？

Well,

好吧，

listen up, disgruntled women. 語氣意圖

听好了，不满的女士们。

Science says it's natural for men to want to sleep, 語法

科学表明，男性想睡觉是自然现象，

and for various reasons.

原因有很多。

Not withstanding the obvious in that it's often nighttime and tiredness might be normal,

撇开通常是在晚上、疲倦是正常的这个显而易见的原因不谈，

another reason is because upon reaching orgasm, 語法

另一个原因是，在达到高潮时，

men release lots of pent up anxiety. 短語搭配

男性会释放出大量压抑的焦虑。

So do women, 語法

女性也是如此，

and they might feel tired too,

她们可能也会觉得累，

but it seems men sleep more after sex,

但根据研究，

according to research.

似乎男性在性爱后睡得更多。

Another thing is brain chemistry.

另一个因素是大脑的化学反应。

All these chemicals spill out in the brain when men ejaculate, 短語動詞

男性射精时，大脑中会涌出各种化学物质，

including serotonin,

包括血清素、

oxytocin,

催产素、

norepinephrine,

去甲肾上腺素、

vasopressin,

加压素，

and nitric oxide.

和一氧化氮。

Some of these chemicals are related to destressing and the readiness to sleep.

其中一些化学物质与减压和准备入睡有关。

This can lead to that feeling of phew, 講解

这会导致一种“呼——”的如释重负感，

and then men want to relax just as they would after any strenuous exercise. 語法

然后男人就会想放松一下，就像经过任何剧烈运动后一样。

It's kind of like getting a hit of morphine, 講解

这有点像来了一剂吗啡，

and apparently that hit is much stronger when having sex than when masturbating. 語法

显然这种冲击在性爱时比自慰时要强烈得多。

One doctor puts it like this when talking about the release of chemicals. 表達脈絡

一位医生在谈及化学物质的释放时这样说道：

"They give you a very relaxed feeling,

“它们会给你一种非常放松的感觉，

slow down your brain waves and cerebral functioning,

减缓你的脑电波和大脑功能，

and make you feel pleasantly tired."

让你感到一种愉快的疲倦。”

But it's thought the hormone that is released called prolactin is the main reason men want to sleep. 語法

但人们认为，释放出来的名为催乳素的激素是男性想睡觉的主要原因。

It gives you satisfaction,

它给你满足感，

and the less of it you have, 語法

它的含量越低，

the more likely you will go for round two quicker.

你就越有可能更快进入下一轮。

Really satisfied men may just turn over and start to snore.

真正得到满足的男性可能只会翻个身开始打呼噜。

Another thing is, 語法

另外，

is that he might want to go for a pee.

他可能想去尿尿。

The reason?

原因是什么？

It's chemicals again.

又是化学物质。

Oxytocin and prolactin affect the kidneys,

催产素和催乳素会影响肾脏，

and this makes him run off to the bathroom. 語法

这促使他跑向洗手间。

Some experts also think it's to clean the urethra from bacteria,

一些专家也认为这是为了清理尿道中的细菌，

a kind of natural need.

是一种自然的需要。

It might also just be because he's been holding it in during all that messing around. 短語動詞

这也可能仅仅是因为在刚才的各种折腾中他一直憋着。

He then finds the pee won't come out.

然后他发现尿不出来。

That is normal because for the sperm to come out,

这是正常的，因为为了让精子排出，

your internal sphincter muscle clamps,

你的内括约肌收缩，

and this is to close the bladder.

这是为了关闭膀胱。

This is to stop the semen from entering the bladder. 語法

目的是防止精液进入膀胱。

In a recent article in Cosmopolitan Magazine,

在最近《Cosmopolitan》杂志的一篇文章中，

it was suggested that men who want to cuddle are keepers, 用詞

有人提出，性爱后想拥抱的男人值得托付，

but it also says that men who don't might just be succumbing to their own body's demands. 短語搭配

但文章也指出，不想拥抱的男人可能只是在屈服于自己身体的需求。

You might find that your penis feels a bit sore,

你可能会发现阴茎有点酸痛，

but this is just normal after all that contracting.

但在经历了那么多收缩之后这是正常的。

Don't worry, 語氣意圖

别担心，

it shouldn't last long.

这种感觉不会持续太久。

And don't be shocked if your testicles have shrunk,

如果你的睾丸缩小了，也不要惊讶，

because this is normal too.

因为这也是正常的。

A doctor talking to Men's Health Magazine explained it like this:

一位接受《Men's Health》杂志采访的医生这样解释：

"When you ejaculate,

“当你射精时，

the cremaster muscle contracts and brings your testicles up closer to your body,

提睾肌会收缩，使睾丸更靠近身体，

giving you the perception that they're smaller."

让你产生它们变小了的错觉。”

Lastly,

最后，

you may get a cramp in the toe.

你的脚趾可能会抽筋。

Apparently,

显然，

this happens a lot,

这种情况经常发生，

but it's just because orgasm causes stimulation in the nerves,

但那只是因为高潮会引起神经受刺激，

especially S1 in the spinal column,

尤其是脊柱的S1神经，

and that nerve affects the toes.

而那根神经会影响脚趾。

If you look at some research,

如果你看一些研究，

it also says some men's moods change dramatically after sex,

其中也提到有些男性的情绪在性爱后会发生剧烈变化，

but given the release of all that tension and all those chemicals flooding out, 語法

但考虑到所有紧张情绪的释放和所有化学物质的涌出，

that's not so surprising.

这并不那么令人惊讶。

Some men have reported feeling emotionally handicapped after a great orgasm, 用詞

有些男性报告在极佳的高潮后感到情感迟钝，

and that's thought to be because huge amounts of dopamine were released.

人们认为这是因为释放了大量的多巴胺。

It's like coming down from a drug that makes you feel happy or ecstatic. 短語動詞

就像是服用能让你感到快乐或狂喜的药物后的效力消退。

In women,

在女性身上，

the feelings can be similar,

这种感觉可能相似，

as we shall see.

我们稍后会看到。

So,

那么，

what about post-coital women?

性爱后的女性又如何呢？

Well,

事实上，

women may not always orgasm. 語法

女性并不总是能达到高潮。

According to an article in Psychology Today,

根据《Psychology Today》上的一篇文章，

which cited a number of studies,

这篇文章引用了多项研究，

around half of women will regularly orgasm during intercourse,

大约一半的女性经常会在性交过程中达到高潮，

about 20% of women rarely orgasm,

约20%的女性很少达到高潮，

20% consistently orgasm,

20%的女性总能达到高潮，

and 5% never orgasm.

还有5%的女性从未有过高潮。

When they do,

当她们达到高潮时，

it's different from a man's one great push to the sun,

这与男性那种向着太阳奋力冲刺的感觉不同，

as women have what has been called rapid rhythmic contractions.

因为女性会经历所谓的快速节律性收缩。

This can be quite the event, 習語

这场面可能会相当惊人，

and some women certainly show this in their face,

并且有些女性的面部表情确实展现了这一点，

sometimes looking like they've had an ecstatic experience. 語法

有时看起来像是经历了一场狂喜。

These shock waves go through her genitals,

这些冲击波会穿过她的生殖器、

her anus,

肛门、

her uterus,

子宫，

and her pelvis,

和骨盆，

and she too will have a magnificent rush of chemicals flooding through her brain.

她的大脑也会涌入令人惊叹的化学物质。

She may experience female ejaculation,

她可能会经历女性射精，

which is when a milky liquid will come out of her urethra.

也就是乳白色的液体从她的尿道中排出。

Don't worry,

别担心，

women,

女士们，

there's nothing wrong with this. 語氣意圖

这没什么毛病。

But what about when a lot of liquid comes out?

但是，如果流出大量液体呢？

A neurophysiologist from Rutgers University in Newark says it's not the same milky stuff if it comes out in large amounts.

纽瓦克罗格斯大学的一位神经生理学家表示，如果大量流出，那就不再是同样的乳白色物质了。

In that case,

在那情况下，

she says,

她说：

"It is urine diluted with substances from the female prostate."

“那是被女性前列腺分泌物稀释过的尿液。”

Scientists are still not clear as to why some women do this and others don't, 短語搭配

科学家们至今仍不清楚为什么有些女性会这样，而有些不会，

but it's certainly not harmful.

但这肯定不是有害的。

So,

那么，

why are women often up for a chat about tomorrow's activities or the meaning of life 短語搭配

为什么女性往往在性爱后想聊聊明天的活动或生命的意义，

while some men are already halfway to la la land? 習語

而有些男人却已经半梦半醒了呢？

According to a study in the Netherlands undertaken in 2005,

根据荷兰2005年进行的一项研究，

women are more focused than men during sex,

女性在性爱过程中比男性更专注，

their minds completely set to the task of reaching orgasm.

她们的头脑完全专注于达到高潮的任务。

This is because their amygdala and hippocampus,

这是因为她们的杏仁核和海马体，

which regulate feelings,

（即负责调节情绪的区域），

kind of turns off.

处于某种关闭状态。

They are at one with sex, 習語

她们与性爱合二为一，

well,

嗯，

at least if they are fully immersed in it.

至少在她们完全沉浸其中的时候是如此。

"Once we've come, 用詞

“一旦我们达到了高潮，

we return to our bodies,

我们回到了自己的身体里，

our consciousness recalibrates,

我们的意识重新校准，

and our emotional intelligence returns,"

我们的情商也恢复了，”

said an article in Bustle about this phenomenon.

《Bustle》上关于这一现象的文章这样写道。

But after sex,

但在性爱之后，

they switch back, 短語動詞

她们会切换回原来的状态，

and it's then they get that lovely hit of oxytocin,

也就是在那个时候，她们获得了一阵可爱的催产素，

sometimes called the cuddle chemical. 用詞

有时被称为拥抱化学物质。

One study found that people with high levels of testosterone release less of this after sex,

一项研究发现，睾酮水平高的人在性爱后释放的这种化学物质较少，

and men generally have high levels.

而男性通常水平较高。

Some women do too, 語法

当然，

of course,

一些女性睾酮水平也很高，

just not as much.

只是没有男性那么多。

So,

所以，

men,

男士们，

next time you turn over,

下次你转身就睡时，

blame your lack of oxytocin.

就怪你缺乏催产素吧。

And women may not experience a refractory period at all. 用詞

而女性可能根本不需要不应期。

This is the downtime men need to get ready to do it again.

也就是男性准备再次进入状态所需要的休息时间。

Note,

请注意，

teenagers may not need much downtime,

青少年可能不需要太多休息时间，

but then again, 表達脈絡

话又说回来，

sex doesn't always last that long for these hyper carnal kids.

对于这些肉欲旺盛的孩子来说，性爱并不总是持续很长时间。

Women are multi-orgasmic,

女性具有多重高潮能力，

and they usually could just start again.

她们通常可以直接重新开始。

But be careful there,

但要小心了，

women,

女士们，

because sex can be more painful for you than it can be for men. 語法

因为性爱对你们来说可能比对男性更痛。

Women might cramp up in the uterus,

女性的子宫可能会痉挛，

and this is due to the cuddle drug oxytocin.

这是由于拥抱药物——催产素的作用。

Let's now call that the double-edged sword chemical. 習語

我们现在称它为双刃剑化学物质吧。

There might also be some burning because of the vaginal tissues getting dry,

由于阴道组织变干，可能还会出现灼热感，

but lubrication can help.

但润滑可以有所帮助。

The stinging doesn't mean there is a problem, 語氣意圖

刺痛感并不意味着有问题，

but obviously if it persists longer than a day or two,

但显然，如果持续超过一两天，

it might be something else.

可能就是其他原因了。

And if men see shrinkage,

如果说男性的身体部位会收缩，

then women see the opposite,

那么女性则恰恰相反，

in their breasts at least.

至少在乳房上是如此。

Many women's breasts get bigger after sex,

许多女性的乳房在性爱后会变大，

and in some women by as much as 25%, 短語搭配

有些女性甚至会增大25%，

according to Women's Health Magazine,

根据《Women’s Health》杂志的报道，

just how swollen the breasts become differs from woman to woman. 短語搭配

只是乳房肿胀的程度因人而异。

The same article also said a woman's clitoris will become very small at point of orgasm,

同一篇文章还指出，女性的阴蒂在达到高潮时会变得非常小，

almost disappearing.

甚至几乎消失。

At the same time,

与此同时，

women's nipples may become more sensitive,

女性的乳头可能会变得更加敏感，

but this is very natural.

但这是非常自然的。

Other reports say some women become giddy after sex,

其他报告说，有些女性在性爱后会感到晕眩，

and others feel great confidence,

而有些女性会感到极度自信，

seeing their bodies as much more attractive than before.

觉得自己的身体比以前更有吸引力。

Most reports we can find state that while some women may experience a slump after the sex, 語法

我们可以找到的大多数报告指出，虽然有些女性可能会在性爱后经历低谷，

it's the men that really suffer from depression,

但真正遭受抑郁困扰的是男性，

sometimes a week long.

有时长达一周。

But as the saying goes,

但俗话说得好，

what goes up must come down, 習語

有起必有落，

and most of the time,

大多数时候，

it's worth the ride. 習語

这趟旅程是值得的。

So,

那么，

does this video accurately describe what happens to your body during sex,

这个视频准确描述了性爱时你身体发生的变化吗？

or did we leave something out?

还是我们遗漏了什么？

Let us know in the comments.

请在评论区告诉我们。

Also,

另外，

be sure to check out our other video called What Happens When You Die.

别忘了看看我们另一部名为《你死后会发生什么》的视频。

Thanks for watching,

感谢观看，

and as always,

一如既往，

don't forget to like,

别忘了点赞、

share,

分享、

and subscribe.

和订阅。

See you next time.

下次见。