聊天的艺术 - 6分钟英语：英语精读讲义

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com 的 6 Minute English。

Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

大家好，这里是 BBC Learning English 的 6 Minute English。

And I'm Neil.

我是 Neil。

Recently, I met up with an old school friend 短語動詞

最近，我和一位老同学见面了，

who I hadn't seen for years. 語法

我们已经好几年没见了。

We talked for hours.

我们聊了几个小时。

Ah, it sounds like you had a good chinwag. 講解

啊，听起来你们畅聊了一番（chinwag）。

A long and pleasant conversation between friends,

朋友之间漫长而愉快的交谈，

which is great because in this program we're talking about talking. 表達脈絡

这很棒，因为我们本期节目要讨论的主题就是“谈话”。

We'll be discussing conversations,

我们将讨论“对话（conversations）”，

the exchange of ideas, thoughts, and feelings 用詞

即人们在互相交谈时，

that happens when people talk to each other.

进行的想法、思想和情感的交流。

And as usual,

和往常一样，

we'll be learning some new vocabulary as well.

我们也会学习一些新词汇。

With the rise of Twitter and social media, 短語搭配

随着推特和社交媒体的兴起，

which encourages us to give our opinion on a subject without always listening in return, 短語搭配

它们鼓励我们在不怎么倾听他人的情况下发表对某一主题的看法，

some think the art of conversation is being lost. 習語

有些人认为谈话的艺术正在消失。

But luckily, there are still millions of us

但幸运的是，我们中仍然有数百万人

who love to talk, chat, chinwag, and chatter away. 短語動詞

喜欢说话、聊天、闲扯和喋喋不休。

In fact, in 2012,

事实上，在2012年，

a competition in Latvia broke the world record 短語搭配

拉脱维亚的一场比赛打破了

for the longest telephone conversation.

最长电话交谈的世界纪录。

So, Neil, my question is this:

所以，Neil，我的问题是：

How long did this record-breaking conversation last? 語法

这场打破纪录的对话持续了多久？

Was it A) 24 hours and 4 minutes,

是 A) 24小时4分钟，

B) 54 hours and 4 minutes,

B) 54小时4分钟，

or C) 84 hours and 4 minutes?

还是 C) 84小时4分钟？

Hmm, I'll guess A) 24 hours and 4 minutes,

嗯，我猜是 A) 24小时4分钟，

after which they probably fell asleep. 語法

之后他们可能就睡着了。

Okay, Neil, I'll reveal the correct answer 表達脈絡

好的，Neil，我会在节目的后半部分

later in the program.

揭晓正确答案。

During a long career, DJ and BBC Radio presenter

在漫长的职业生涯中，DJ 兼 BBC 广播节目主持人

Nihal Arthanayake, has had conversations with hundreds of people. 語法

Nihal Arthanayake 曾与数百人进行过交谈。

Now, he's used these experiences to write a book

现在，他利用这些经验写了一本书，

entitled Let's Talk: How to Have Better Conversations. 用詞

书名为《Let's Talk: How to Have Better Conversations》（让我们谈谈：如何进行更好的对话）。

Here, Nihal tells another radio presenter,

在这里，Nihal 告诉另一位电台主持人，

Michael Rosen of BBC Radio 4's Word of Mouth,

也就是 BBC 广播四台《Word of Mouth》节目的 Michael Rosen，

about the influence of his mother,

关于他母亲对他的影响，

who also loved talking to people in her job as a nurse.

他的母亲身为一名护士，也很喜欢在工作中与人交谈。

Well, it gave me the sense that you are enriched by listening. 講解

嗯，这让我觉得，倾听能让人充实。

And this was of course pre-social media, 文化背景

当然，这是在社交媒体出现之前，

which has of course encouraged us to project, to transmit, more than receive. 用詞

社交媒体不可避免地鼓励我们去表达、去传递，而不是去接收。

So, it meant that, I guess I was conscious 講解

所以，这意味着，我想我能意识到

of experiences of others and wanted to try and understand them.

他人的经历，并想要尝试去理解它们。

Also, partially, Michael, it was a survival instinct 用詞

而且，在某种程度上，Michael，这是一种生存本能，

because I was a little brown boy in a predominantly white school, 講解

因为那时我是一个在以白人为主的学校里的棕皮肤小男孩，

a state school in the 1980s. 文化背景

那是20世纪80年代的一所公立学校。

For Nihal, good conversation involves listening as much as speaking. 語法

对 Nihal 来说，好的对话需要说与听并重。

By listening, we find out things about the person we're talking to, 短語動詞

通过倾听，我们能发现交谈对象的一些事情，

which in turn help us understand ourselves. 表達脈絡

这反过来又能帮助我们了解自己。

This is why Nihal says we are enriched by listening. 表達脈絡

这就是为什么 Nihal 说我们通过倾听而得到充实。

We're improved by having something else added.

我们因为吸收了新的东西而得到提升。

As a British Asian boy growing up in a white community, 文化背景

作为一个在白人社区长大的英籍亚裔男孩，

Nihal also thinks conversation was a way for him to make friends and find protection. 語法

Nihal 也认为对话是他交友和寻求保护的一种方式。

He says having conversations was a survival instinct,

他说进行对话是一种生存本能，

the human instinct to do something in a dangerous situation

即人类在危险情况下采取行动的本能，

that will keep them safe from harm. 短語搭配

为了保护自己免受伤害。

Nihal sees an important difference between listening simply to reply 語法

Nihal 认为“仅仅为了回复而倾听”

and listening to understand.

与“为了理解而倾听”之间有着重要的区别。

When we listen to reply, we're thinking about the next thing we want to say

当我们为了回复而倾听时，我们更多是在思考接下来自己想说什么，

more than trying to understand the other person's point of view. 短語搭配

而不是试图去理解对方的观点。

Listening to understand, on the other hand, 表達脈絡

另一方面，为了理解而倾听，

helps build bridges, improve relationships between people 習語

有助于建立沟通的桥梁，改善那些

who are very different or do not like each other.

截然不同或互不喜欢的人之间的关系。

Here's Nihal again in conversation with BBC Radio 4's Word of Mouth.

这是 Nihal 在 BBC 广播四台《Word of Mouth》节目中的再次谈话。

So, conversation can build bridges and it is proven through history 表達脈絡

所以，对话可以建立桥梁，而且历史已经证明，

that conversation has and that conversation can be seen as an art form. 語法

对话确实做到了这一点，而且对话可以被视为一种艺术形式。

And that's one of the things I want us to understand.

这也是我希望大家理解的其中一件事。

It's not just tittle-tattle, 表達脈絡

它不仅仅是闲言碎语，

it's not just shouting at each other on social media.

不仅仅是在社交媒体上互相大嚷大叫。

It's not two politicians talking over each other.

也不是两个政客为了压倒对方而大声说话。

Good conversation brings people together, 短語動詞

好的对话能把人们聚在一起，

unlike tittle-tattle, talk about other people's lives 用詞

它不像闲言碎语那样，谈论别人的生活

that is usually unkind, disapproving, or untrue.

且通常是不友善、不赞同或不真实的。

And good conversation involves taking turns, 短語搭配

好的对话包括轮流发言，

not talking over someone, trying to silence people 短語動詞

而不是盖过别人的声音，试图通过

by talking more loudly, forcefully, and persistently than them.

比别人说话更大声、更强势、更坚持来让人闭嘴。

Hopefully, Nihal's tips can help us all have better conversations, 語法

希望 Nihal 的建议能帮助我们拥有更好的对话，

encounter new ideas, and make friends.

遇到新的想法并结交朋友。

So, Sam, did you do any of these things

那么，Sam，当你和老同学见面时，

when you met up with your old school friend?

你做了这些事情吗？

I think so.

我觉得有。

We both listened to each other.

我们都倾听了彼此。

There was no tittle-tattle, but a little bit of gossip. 語氣意圖

没有闲言碎语，但有一点点八卦。

Before we knew it, a couple of hours had passed. 習語

不知不觉中，几个小时就过去了。

But not as much time as those record-breaking telephone conversations 語法

但没有我之前提到的那些

I mentioned earlier.

打破纪录的电话交谈时间长。

Oh, yes.

哦，是的。

In your question,

在你的问题中，

you asked how long the world's longest telephone conversation lasted.

你问世界上最长的电话交谈持续了多久。

I guessed it was an incredible 24 hours and 4 minutes.

我猜是令人难以置信的24小时4分钟。

Was I right?

我猜对了吗？

Well, Neil, I'm afraid that was the wrong answer. 語氣意圖

嗯，Neil，恐怕那是个错误的答案。

In fact, the record-breaking conversation lasted

事实上，这场破纪录的对话持续了

54 hours and 4 minutes,

54小时4分钟，

about the same as 540 programs of 6 Minute English. 語法

大约等于540期《6 Minute English》节目的时间。

Wow.

哇。

Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned 表達脈絡

好的，让我们回顾一下我们从

from this program on the art of good conversations,

这期关于良好对话艺术的节目中学到的词汇，

starting with chinwag,

首先是 chinwag，

a long and pleasant conversation between friends.

指朋友之间漫长而愉快的交谈。

When something is enriched,

当某事被 enriched（充实）时，

it's improved by having something else added to it.

它通过添加其他东西而得到了改善。

The survival instinct is the basic instinct in humans and animals

The survival instinct（生存本能）是人类和动物

to do something in a dangerous situation that will keep them alive.

在危险情况下为了活下来而做某事的基本本能。

If you build bridges,

如果你 build bridges（建立桥梁），

you improve relationships between people

你就是在改善那些

who are very different or do not like each other.

截然不同或互不喜欢的人之间的关系。

Tittle-tattle is talk about other people's lives

Tittle-tattle（闲言碎语）是指谈论别人的生活，

that is usually unkind, disapproving, or untrue.

且通常是不友善、不赞同或不真实的。

And finally, if you talk over someone,

最后，如果你 talk over someone（盖过某人说话），

you silence or drown them out by talking more loudly than them. 短語動詞

你就会用比他们更大的声音来让他们安静或淹没他们的声音。

That's the end of our conversation,

我们的对话到此结束，

but remember to join us soon

但记得很快再来加入我们，

for more trending topics and useful vocabulary.

获取更多热门话题和实用词汇。

Bye for now.

先再见了。

Goodbye.

再见。

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com 的 6 Minute English。