薛定谔的猫能教给我们关于量子力学的什么知识？ - Josh Samani：英语精读讲义

用 Consider 后 drop 的正确形式完成句子：Consider ____ a coin into a glass of water.

一个计算机模型要在观测前估计卫星将如何运动。哪句话表达得最准确？

1. The model can record the motion of the satellite.
2. The model can predict the color of the satellite.
3. The model can predict the motion of the satellite.

用目标结构 until ... gets to 完成句子：The toy car will keep moving ____ the end of the track.

风筝升到高处，然后回到较低的位置。哪句话最自然？

1. The kite rose high and then returned downward.
2. The kite rose high and then came back down.
3. The kite rose high and then came back up.

哪句话用过去累积的经验来支持现在的判断？

1. I have seen this pattern many times, so I recognize it now.
2. I saw this pattern once yesterday, and that is the only time.
3. I will see this pattern after I learn what it means.

Leo 从六月开始观察月亮，现在仍然每晚观察。请用 observe 的现在完成进行时补全句子：Leo ____ the moon every night since June.

请用一个包含 entire 的三词短语补全句子，该短语表示“从她小时候到现在的一生”：Ava has loved music ____.

哪一句最自然地把内容从已知情况转入一个新的假设情况？

1. But the map is definitely wrong. We have already proved it.
2. But suppose the map is wrong. What should we check next?
3. But because the map is wrong, we missed the turn.

用 What does ... look like? 这个句型完成问句：____ the cloud pattern ____ before a storm?

用 based on ... experience with ... 这个结构完成句子：We packed extra water ____ our ____ long desert walks.

哪句话中的 scales 表示科学语境中的“尺寸层级”？

1. The survey uses a scale from one to five.
2. At very small scales, surface forces can become important.
3. The lab uses two small scales to weigh samples.

哪句话能用自然的美式英语表达“新方案与旧方案有很大不同”？

1. The new plan is many different than the old one.
2. The new plan is much differently than the old one.
3. The new plan is much different than the old one.

哪句话正确使用了 macroscopic object？

1. A macroscopic object must be larger than a building.
2. An electron is an ordinary macroscopic object.
3. A grain of sand is a macroscopic object because it can be seen without a microscope.

哪句话中的 govern 使用了“决定系统如何运行”这一科学含义？

1. These equations govern the behavior of the system.
2. The researcher records the behavior of the system.
3. The elected council governs the city.

使用完整结构 behaves according to the laws of 补全句子：In this model, a planet ____ gravity.

使用完整结构 on the scale of 补全句子：These structures can be observed ____ individual molecules.

用表示后来发现的短语完成句子：The missing file ____ in the old folder.

在这句话中，thought experiment 是什么意思？

1. 必须和一只活猫一起实施的真实步骤。
2. 用来对某个想法进行推理的假想情境。
3. 没有推理目的、只用于娱乐的故事。

说出“I don't particularly like crowded places”时，说话者表达了什么态度？

1. 轻微、克制的不喜欢。
2. 完全没有看法。
3. 最强烈的憎恨。

请用表示“连同”的目标短语完成句子：Please pack the camera ____ an extra battery.

用 fail 完成 chance of + -ing 结构：The backup drive has a 5% chance ____ within a year.

用 knowing whether 完成这个结构：With the camera turned off, there is no way of ____ anyone entered the room or not.

例句中的 and thus 起什么作用？

1. 由前面信息推出的结果
2. 一个无关的补充细节
3. 按时间顺序发生的下一件事

在这个量子物理句子中，observation 最接近什么意思？

1. 用于获取系统状态信息的观测或测量
2. 随意看一眼事物的外观
3. 对实验发表的个人评论

在本句中，in a superposition state 表示什么？

1. 系统已经被测量，并且有一个已知状态。
2. 系统在得到确定结果之前由多个可能状态来描述。
3. 这只猫实际叠放在另一个物体上。

请使用 neither ... nor ..., but rather ... 完成句子：The problem was caused ____ by the battery ____ by the screen, ____ by a damaged cable.

在这个句子中，in a mixture of both possibilities 是什么意思？

1. 两个实体物体被混合成一种材料
2. 两种可能状态被纳入同一个抽象描述
3. 只描述一种可能状态

哪句话使用 The same sort of thing happens to...，把一个例子自然地过渡到相似的新情况？

1. Sunlight fades this fabric, and the same sort thing happens for plastic left outdoors.
2. Sunlight fades this fabric, and the same sort of thing happens plastic left outdoors.
3. Sunlight fades this fabric, and the same sort of thing happens to plastic left outdoors.

isn't really orbiting at all 在这句话中起什么作用？

1. 它表示电子只在部分时间沿着轨道运行。
2. 它表示说话人不确定电子是否有轨道。
3. 它明确纠正了“电子确实沿着轨道运行”这一想法。

这句话中的 sort of everywhere in space all at once 最恰当的理解是什么？

1. 它表示说话人没有任何证据说明电子可能在哪里。
2. 这是一种简单的近似说法，描述同一时间存在许多可能位置。
3. 它表示电子突然依次跳过一系列固定位置。

哪句话能自然地比较在两个地点找到一只鸟的概率？

1. There is a higher probability of finding the bird near the lake than in the town center.
2. There is a higher probability to finding the bird near the lake than in the town center.
3. There is a more probability of finding the bird near the lake than in the town center.

补全强调结构：It was ____ the final bell rang ____ the students packed their bags.

以下哪句话表示已经精确找到了问题的来源？

1. The engineers guessed that there might be vibration.
2. The engineers pinpointed the source of the vibration.
3. The engineers looked for the source of the vibration.

例句中的 A lot like how... 起什么作用？

1. 给出观察猫的准确时间。
2. 表示两个情境的结果完全相反。
3. 引入一个相似情境来解释前面的想法。

用目标表达完成转场：We have examined the evidence. This ____ our final question: what should we do next?

本句中的 quantum entanglement 是什么意思？

1. 两个实际物体被一根绳子绑在一起。
2. 一个粒子沿固定的圆形轨道运动。
3. 两个或多个量子系统处于一个无法拆分成彼此独立状态的共同状态。

哪句话表示用两张小桌子替换一张大桌子？

1. Instead of one large table, we have two small tables.
2. In addition to one large table, we have two small tables.

请用目标短语 the outcome of the experiment 完成句子：Researchers could not predict ____.

例句中的 either ... or ... or ... 起什么作用？

1. 它引出多个互相排斥的可能结果。
2. 它表示说话人已经选定了第一个结果。
3. 它表示所有结果都会同时发生。

用表示“同样的帮助也反向成立”的目标两词短语完成句子：Nina helps Sam with science, and ____.

使用 with + 名词 + -ing 结构补全句子：The prize money was divided equally, ____ the same amount.

在演示中，说话者说“Here's the cool thing.”。听众接下来应当期待什么？

1. 一个有趣或重要的要点。
2. 寻找某件具体物品的指示。
3. 表示讲解已经结束的信号。

用目标结构补全英文句子，表示新设备使远程测试成为可行方案：____ complete the test remotely with the new equipment.

例句中的 erase 是什么意思？

1. 删除这项实验的全部记录。
2. 让这些猫在物理上消失。
3. 从所有可能性中去除这些结果。

In other words 通常说明后面的话与前文是什么关系？

1. 给出这个观点的一个具体例子。
2. 更清楚地重述同一意思。
3. 引出一个相反的观点。

哪句话最准确地要求选择一个必须满足指定条件的数值？

1. Choose a value unless the equation remains true.
2. Choose a value because the equation remains true.
3. Choose a value such that the equation remains true.

用本课中的确切句型完成句子：Water vapor changes directly into ice. ____ deposition.

哪句话中的 entangled 用作量子物理术语？

1. The two charging cables are entangled under the desk.
2. The two particles are entangled, so their quantum state has to be described jointly.
3. The kite string is tangled around the fence.

在句子 "The telescope sent back mind-blowing images." 中，mind-blowing 是什么意思？

1. 极其令人惊讶或印象深刻
2. 会对大脑造成实际伤害
3. 普通而且容易被忽略

哪一个句子能自然地表示两间办公室位于同一栋大楼相距很远的两端？

1. The two offices are at opposite ends of the building.
2. The two offices are at the building's opposite ending.
3. The two offices are opposite the ends of the building.

使用结构 If action 1 and then action 2, result 完成句子：If you charge the tablet ____ restart it, it may work again.

用表示“幸存”的 come out + 形容词表达完成句子：After the rescue, all three hikers ____.

用 end up 的过去式完成句子：We missed the trail signs and ____ lost.

哪一句正确使用 even though，表示某个细节未知，但主要结论仍然成立？

1. Even though the exact route is unknown, we know where the trip will end.
2. Because the exact route is unknown, we know where the trip will end.
3. Despite the exact route is unknown, we know where the trip will end.

用目标疑问框架补全句子：____ this small battery lasts for a whole week?

使用 heavy 和目标 too...to 结构补全句子：The box is ____ lift safely without help.

在这个句子中，“the two bombs always conspire” 是什么意思？

1. 两枚炸弹有意识地制定秘密计划并互相传递信息。
2. 两枚炸弹在物理上连接成了一个装置。
3. 通过拟人手法，把两枚炸弹描写得像在协调彼此相反的结果。

哪个句子能够自然地预判听众的担忧，然后作出回应？

1. You must agree that the route is perfect.
2. The route might be thinking about a shortcut.
3. You might be thinking the route is too long, but there is a shortcut.

判断这种用法：一名研究人员在正式的同行评审报告中写下英文句子“The author's argument is mumbo jumbo.”，并把它当作中性反馈。

1. 适合作为中性的专业反馈
2. 不适合作为中性的专业反馈

用本课表示“后来发现”的四词结构补全英文句子：We thought the meeting was online, but ____ it is in Room 12.

使用 confirm 的现在完成时被动形式填空：Independent tests support the finding. The finding ____ by three laboratories.

在句子“The detector tracked two subatomic particles,”中，“subatomic particles”是什么意思？

1. 只存在于外太空的尘埃微粒
2. 尺度小于原子或构成原子组成部分的粒子
3. 由许多原子构成的普通小物体

哪个名词短语能自然地描述这样一个系统：如果一个警报器失效，另一个就会启动？

1. a system which, if one alarm fails, then another one starts
2. a system where, if one alarm fails, then another one starts
3. a system when, if one alarm fails, then another one starts

请用 do、just 和 that，并按自然顺序补全回答。 A: Call the office and explain the problem. B: I'll ____.

多次测试表明，追踪器在完全无法连接服务器时仍会记录数据。哪句话把断网呈现为真实限制，同时表示结果仍然成立？

1. The tracker keeps recording because there's no way for it to reach the server.
2. The tracker keeps recording even when there's no way for it to reach the server.
3. The tracker keeps recording only when there's a way for it to reach the server.

哪句话正确使用 -ing 短语来解释箭头显示了什么？

1. The arrow flashed, indicated which way to turn.
2. The arrow flashed, indicate which way to turn.
3. The arrow flashed, indicating which way to turn.

哪句话用 obey the rules 描述非人类主语按照固定规律运行？

1. The players agreed to obey the rules of the game.
2. The coach explained the rules before practice.
3. These molecules obey the rules of chemistry.

机场因暴风雪关闭。哪句话最自然地把航班延误呈现为由此得出的逻辑结论？

1. The flight delay was surprising because the airport was closed.
2. The flight was delayed, and then the passengers boarded.
3. It's not surprising, then, that the flight was delayed.

请用本课中表示“关键基础”的准确短语完成句子：Mutual respect is ____ a healthy friendship.

在本句中，quantum information science 是什么意思？

1. 主要研究图书、数据库和普通业务记录整理方式的领域
2. 刻意避开量子物理的一种经典计算分支
3. 研究如何利用量子规律和效应来表示、处理、传输或保护信息的领域

请用 that studies 的缩减形式补全句子：Robotics ethics is a growing field ____ how machines should make decisions.

以下哪项最符合 quantum cryptography 的含义？

1. 故意把消息写得含糊难懂
2. 利用量子效应帮助保护通信并建立秘密密钥
3. 用普通图形软件隐藏一张图片

哪个句子用 so + can 说明安装坡道的目的？

1. We installed a ramp so wheelchair users can enter the building.
2. We installed a ramp, so wheelchair users entered the building yesterday.
3. We installed a ramp after wheelchair users entered the building.

在 quantum computing for cracking secret codes 这个短语中，cracking secret codes 是什么意思？

1. 把计算机程序代码拆成更短的行
2. 把密码本实际弄坏
3. 破解或解开用于隐藏信息的密码

哪个句子使用目标结构，谨慎预测相似程度会逐渐增加？

1. Online classes already look exactly like traditional classrooms.
2. Online classes may remain very different from traditional classrooms.
3. Online classes may start to look a bit more like traditional classrooms.

哪个句子使用 may even progress so far that one day 来预测一个令人惊讶的未来结果？

1. Battery technology may even progress so far that one day electric planes could become practical.
2. Battery technology may one day make electric planes practical.
3. So far, battery technology has made steady progress toward practical electric planes.

判断：在这个例句中，“escape to a safer galaxy”是字面意义上的科学预测。

1. 正确
2. 不正确

这个结尾的 where 从句在这段话中主要起什么作用？

1. 它引入了一个与猫无关的新实验。
2. 它描述了想象中的星系，并回扣前面物理学家和盒子的设定。
3. 它提供了关于某个真实星系的已证实天文学信息。