丑陋的历史：西班牙宗教裁判所 - 凯拉·沃尔夫 (Kayla Wolf)：英语精读讲义

请用 turn oneself in 的正确形式完成句子：After speaking with their lawyer, the suspects ____ to the police.

完成固定结构 confess to + -ing：After hours of questioning, he confessed ____ hiding the evidence.

本句中的 The Spanish Inquisition 指什么？

1. 由西班牙王权支持的历史宗教审判制度
2. 普通的信息询问
3. 塞维利亚的一所现代大学

请用 issue 的过去式完成这个正式搭配：After the emergency meeting, the governor ____ a decree limiting water use.

用表示“找出并彻底清除”的两个词短语动词补全句子：The new controls are designed to ____ fraud across the company.

以下哪项最符合 a confederacy of semi-independent kingdoms 所描述的政治结构？

1. 彼此没有政治关系的一组城市
2. 由仍保留一定自主权的王国组成的政治联盟
3. 作为一个中央集权国家完全统一治理的单一王国

选择正确使用 would 表示“从过去时间点看后来的结果”的句子。

1. In 1910, she moved to a village that would have become a major city decades later.
2. In 1910, she moved to a village that would become a major city decades later.
3. In 1910, she moved to a village that will become a major city decades later.

选择正确使用句首 Though 的标准英文句子。

1. Though the task difficult, the team completed it on time.
2. Though the task was difficult, the team completed it on time.
3. Though the task was difficult, but the team completed it on time.

请用 both ... and 完成句子：The city developed ____ culturally ____ economically.

哪一句正确使用了 with + 名词 + -ing 来补充背景信息？

1. The meeting continued, with several reporters waited outside.
2. The meeting continued, with waiting several reporters outside.
3. The meeting continued, with several reporters waiting outside.

请用 turn one's attention to 的过去式完成句子：Once the immediate repairs were finished, the team ____ preventing future failures.

哪句话正确使用了 rid X of Y？

1. The new filter will remove the water of harmful bacteria.
2. The new filter will rid harmful bacteria from the water.
3. The new filter will rid the water of harmful bacteria.

哪句话使用 would 从过去视角说明后来发生的历史事实？

1. The scientist would win the prize if the judges selected her.
2. The scientist published her first paper in 1905; she would win the prize twenty years later.
3. The scientist said she would be willing to help.

在这类解说中，On the ground, 通常表示怎样的信息转变？

1. 从抽象话题转向物体所处的物理位置
2. 从宏观政策或制度转向当地的实际运作
3. 从现在转向遥远得多的历史时期

在本句中，groups called tribunals 指的是什么？

1. 普通的地方讨论小组
2. 有权审理案件或作出裁决的正式机构
3. 在各地区举行的宗教节日

在 Grand Inquisitor 中，Grand 表示什么？

1. 这个人特别善良
2. 这个官员在特定宗教裁判体系中的高级职位
3. 这个人的身体很高大

使用 mark one's arrival with 的正确形式完成句子：The new principal ____ an open meeting for families.

在本段中，an edict of grace 指什么？

1. 一则赞美举止优雅的公告
2. 一项永久终止所有宗教审判的现代法律
3. 一种正式公告：在限定时间内，向承认异端罪的人承诺宽恕

哪一句正确使用了句首 -ing 短语来说明工作坊通常持续多久？

1. Typically lasted two hours, the workshop includes a short break.
2. Typically lasting two hours, the participants attend the workshop.
3. Typically lasting two hours, the workshop includes a short break.

请使用 promise 的过去式、名词 mercy 和必要的介词补全句子：The governor ____ the prisoners who surrendered.

用本课中表示“把某事作为依据”的四词短语完成句子：The committee made its decision ____ the documented evidence.

用 see oneself as 的正确形式完成句子：Maya ____ a future engineer, even though she is still in school.

哪一个句子正确使用了 hedge one's bets？

1. She applied to several universities to hedge her bets.
2. She checked the final score to hedge her bets.
3. She signed the only available contract to hedge her bets.

用 buy 的正确形式保持两个动作平行：The team cut costs by repairing the old machine rather than ____ a new one.

暴风雨期间，利奥推迟了徒步活动，后来步道被洪水淹了。哪句话表示他的决定很明智？

1. Leo was right to delay the hike.
2. Leo delayed the hike correctly.
3. Leo had the right to delay the hike.

在句子 'The accused waited for the verdict,' 中，the accused 指谁？

1. 受到指控的人
2. 提出指控的人
3. 已经被证实有罪的人

哪句话自然地使用 or even，从较短的时间递进到更令人意外的较长时间？

1. The repair could take days or even weeks.
2. The repair could take weeks or even days.
3. The repair could take days or even hours.

哪句话正确使用了被动省略从句，表达“计划获批后将会发布”？

1. Once approved, the plan will be published online.
2. Once approved, the committee will publish the plan online.
3. Once approving, the plan will be published online.

哪一个句子自然地使用了 confiscate？

1. The waiter confiscated our empty plates after dinner.
2. Leah confiscated her coat from the closet before leaving.
3. Customs officers confiscated the prohibited goods.

在句子“The fire left the family on the street,”中，on the street 是什么意思？

1. 这家人搬到了另一条街。
2. 这家人变得无家可归。
3. 这家人短暂地站在户外。

Under these conditions 放在句首时起什么作用？

1. 用新的处境替换前文的处境。
2. 表示某物实际位于一组条件的下方。
3. 概括前文已经说明的处境，并引出一个结果。

在 most mundane forms of heresy 中，mundane 强调什么？

1. 所谓的行为普通而琐碎。
2. 所谓的行为神秘而超自然。
3. 所谓的行为是最暴力的罪行。

哪项描述最准确地指出了这句话的篇章组织功能？

1. 它引出一个序列，说明被针对的群体如何随时间变化。
2. 它给出每个被针对群体居住的确切地点。
3. 它结束了对某一个人受审过程的叙述。

使用 at someone's urging，并把 his mentor 变为所有格形式完成句子：____, Leo submitted the application before the deadline.

用 either ... or ... 完成这个选择句：You can ____ take the early train ____ drive there after lunch.

哪一句正确使用 risk + 名词 来表示一种可能发生的有害后果？

1. The reporters were imprisoned after publishing the evidence.
2. The reporters risked imprisonment by publishing the evidence.
3. The reporters feared imprisonment before publishing the evidence.

用本课中引出名称或标签的两个词补全句子：The building is ____ the Old Exchange.

在“After following every rule, they weren't even safe”中，even 增加了什么含义？

1. 安全是最低限度的预期结果，但他们并没有得到安全。
2. 安全只是一个普通列表中的一项。
3. 他们比所有人预期的都更安全。

用固定结构 suspect someone of doing something 完成句子：Security suspected a visitor ____ taking the missing badge.

完成目标表达 directed at：The criticism was directed ____ the policy, not the staff.

哪一句中的 make up 表示“构成一个更大整体的一部分”？

1. The two friends made up after their argument.
2. Remote workers make up a large portion of the team.
3. She made up an excuse for missing the meeting.

例句中的 the upper middle class 是什么意思？

1. 住在较高楼层的人
2. 最富有的整个上层阶级
3. 中产阶层中相对富裕或社会地位较高的部分

请用表示“把主要关注点转向”的目标短语完成句子：After the first test, the team eventually ____ safety.

在本句中，Moriscos 指什么？

1. 西班牙历史上的一个特定群体：改信基督教的穆斯林及其后裔。
2. 宗教改信者居住的一座西班牙城市。
3. 管理宗教裁判所的官员。

哪一句正确使用了分词短语来说明一项规定造成的结果？

1. The school introduced a new rule, forced every visitor to show identification.
2. The school introduced a new rule, forcing every visitor show identification.
3. The school introduced a new rule, forcing every visitor to show identification.

使用“those who”结构表达“那些留下来的人”：____ helped clean the room.

请用高亮的法律短语完成句子，该短语表示已经被正式判定有罪：People ____ fraud may appeal the verdict.

以下哪项最符合本句中 autos de fé 的含义？

1. 包含宗教仪式并公开宣布裁决或处罚的宗教裁判所公开仪式
2. 对所有火刑处决的统称
3. 个人信徒私下进行的祈祷行为

在本句中，the procession of sinners 是什么意思？

1. 整个社区参加的欢乐节庆游行
2. 正式的公开行进，展示被标为“罪人”的人
3. 信徒私下讨论并忏悔自己的过错

以下哪项最准确地描述了本句中的 sanbenito？

1. 宗教裁判官穿的普通制服
2. 在公共庆典上穿的节日外套
3. 一种公开把穿戴者标记为罪人的忏悔服

用 mark her as 的过去式完成句子：Yesterday, Elena wore a blue badge that ____ an official volunteer.

在这个句子中，relaxado en persona 指什么？

1. 释放囚犯的赦免
2. 对绑在火刑柱上烧死这一处决方式的历史委婉说法
3. 给予囚犯的一段休息时间

哪一句正确使用了 euphemism？

1. Passed away is a euphemism for died.
2. Purchase is a euphemism for buy.
3. Large is a euphemism for small.

用本课中表示“仅限某一特定群体”的表达完成句子：Access to the lab is ____ approved researchers.

在句子 “Lena met her namesake, a scientist from Brazil,” 中，namesake 告诉了你什么？

1. 这位科学家是 Lena 的近亲。
2. 这位科学家给 Lena 起了一个昵称。
3. 这位科学家也叫 Lena。

阅读句子：“Over thirty years after the observatory closed, it reopened to visitors.” 它表示哪一种时间顺序？

1. 天文台先关闭，三十多年后重新开放。
2. 天文台在三十年内关闭并重新开放。
3. 天文台先重新开放，三十多年后关闭。

哪句话表示该项目是通过正式决定终止的？

1. The university temporarily ended the program during the repairs.
2. The university finally ended the program after months of delays.
3. The university formally ended the program after a board vote.

填入 dependence 后所需的介词：The factory's dependence ____ imported parts caused serious delays.

哪句话清楚表示孤立发生在另一个过去事件之前？

1. Years of conflict had isolated the country before talks began.
2. Years of conflict isolated the country when talks ended.
3. Years of conflict have isolated the country since talks began.

哪句话中的 while 主要用于对比两种情况？

1. The north remained dry, while the south received heavy rain.
2. While Maya was cooking, the phone rang.
3. Please stay here while I call the doctor.

在欧洲历史文本中，the Enlightenment 最可能指什么？

1. 一场将教会与政府分开的仪式。
2. 一场以理性和探索为核心的特定欧洲思想运动。
3. 某个人突然产生的精神觉醒。

本句中的 the separation of Church and State 是什么意思？

1. 教堂建筑必须远离政府办公楼。
2. 宗教机构与政府权力应在制度上保持区分。
3. 政府必须指定一个教会管理国家。

句首的 Historians still debate... 传递了什么信息？

1. 所有历史学家都接受完全相同的数字。
2. 确切人数在历史学家之间仍无定论。
3. 这些历史学家正在进行激烈的私人争吵。

这个句子的信息组织方式告诉读者什么？

1. 两个数字被呈现为拥有同等支持。
2. 较低的范围被呈现为得到更广泛支持的估计。
3. 大多数研究者被描述为支持三万以上的数字。

使用高亮结构的过去式完成句子：The effects of the shutdown ____ the local economy.

哪句话明确表示 40% 是估计值，而不是精确数字？

1. Exactly 40% of the homes need repairs.
2. An estimated 40% of the homes need repairs.
3. Inspectors confirmed that 40% of the homes need repairs.

哪句话正确使用了表示大量网络观众的大致数量短语？

1. Hundreds thousands of viewers watched the concert online.
2. Two hundreds of thousands viewers watched the concert online.
3. Hundreds of thousands of viewers watched the concert online.

判断正误：A group can be a religious minority in one country and a majority in another。

1. 错误
2. 正确

用 force 的过去时被动形式和动词 leave 完成句子：After officials ordered an evacuation, the residents ____ their homes.

哪句话正确使用 face 表达“遭遇并且不得不应对困难”？

1. Many job seekers are face discrimination during the hiring process.
2. Many job seekers face discrimination during the hiring process.
3. Many job seekers face with discrimination during the hiring process.

在这个历史语境中，Spanish colonial territories in the Americas 是什么意思？

1. 只位于现代美国境内、讲西班牙语的社区
2. 受西班牙殖民统治、分布在美洲各地的地区
3. 欧洲境内与西班牙进行贸易的领土

哪句话自然地表达“一场长期危机给当地社区造成了严重伤害”？

1. The long crisis took a heavy toll on local communities.
2. The long crisis protected local communities from serious harm.
3. The long crisis charged local communities a bridge fee.

哪句话表示 Maya 向警方举报了另一个人？

1. Maya turned herself in to the police.
2. Maya turned in her application before noon.
3. Maya turned the thief in to the police.

哪句话表示暴风雨后，两位邻居中的每一位都帮助了另一位？

1. The two neighbors helped each other after the storm.
2. The two neighbors helped other people after the storm.
3. Each neighbor asked for help after the storm.

哪句话中的 under 用来设定制度或法规背景？

1. We waited under the bridge until the rain stopped.
2. Under the new regulations, banks must report these transactions.
3. The folder is under the keyboard.

哪句话使用 be condemned to 表示一种难以逃脱的长期负面状态？

1. The judge sentenced the offender to three years in prison.
2. The company was condemned for hiding the safety report.
3. After the wells were polluted, the families were condemned to rely on bottled water for years.