私立学校 vs 公立学校 - 学生之间有何差异？：英语精读讲义

Do you think you got the best start in life? 短語搭配

你认为你在人生中获得了最好的起跑线吗？

Did you end up in a school that might have resembled a zoo more than it felt like an institution of higher learning? 講解

你最后是否进入了一所相比于高等学府，感觉更像是动物园的学校？

Perhaps in the past,

也许在过去，

getting by without a lot of pieces of paper to defend your intelligence may have been harder, 講解

没有一堆证书来证明你的智力，想要混下去可能会更难，

given that nowadays we can learn so much online

考虑到如今我们可以在网上学到很多东西，

and that many of the world's leading and richest entrepreneurs dropped out of university. 短語動詞

而且世界上许多最顶尖、最富有的企业家都曾从大学辍学。

Had they have dropped out of high school, 語法

如果他们是从高中辍学，

that could have been a different matter.

那可能就是另一回事了。

But many great minds have not been too keen on school. 短語搭配

但许多伟大的头脑对学校并不太感兴趣。

One of those minds was Albert Einstein,

其中一位就是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，

who famously said,

他有一句名言：

"Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school." 語法

“教育就是一个人把在学校学到的东西忘光后剩下的东西。”

So,

那么，

does it matter where you go? 語法

去哪里上学真的重要吗？

That's what we'll find out today.

这就是我们今天要探讨的问题。

In this episode of The Infographics Show,

在这期 The Infographics Show 中，

"Private School versus Public School."

我们将比较“私立学校与公立学校”。

Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell button

别忘了订阅并点击小铃铛按钮，

so that you can be part of our notification squad.

这样你就能成为我们通知小分队的一员了。

First of all,

首先，

we should say that by public school we mean schools that are run by the government. 表達脈絡

我们应该说明，所谓的公立学校是指由政府运营的学校。

This could be confusing for Brits,

这对英国人来说可能会有些困惑，

as when they say public school, 文化背景

因为当他们说 public school 时，

they are not thinking of schools run by the public sector,

他们指的并不是由公共部门运营的学校，

but selective institutions that demand private payment.

而是需要私人付费的精英学校（公学）。

Basically,

基本上，

private school as Americans know it,

美国人所熟知的私立学校，

is public school in the UK.

在英国就叫 public school。

Okay.

好吧。

It's another case of tomato tomato. 習語

这又是一个“换汤不换药”的例子。

We'll base this show on the US today 短語搭配

我们今天的节目将以美国为基础，

as covering the globe's schools would be impossible

因为涵盖全球的学校是不可能的，

and some of the things we will discuss are relevant globally.

而且我们要讨论的一些内容在全球范围内都具有普遍性。

You might be surprised to know that in the USA,

你可能会惊讶地发现，在美国，

according to the Council for American Private Education,

根据美国私立教育委员会的数据，

there are 33,619 private schools in the United States.

美国共有33,619所私立学校。

There are around 5.1 million students enrolled in these schools.

大约有510万名学生在这些学校就读。

It's said that private schools are home to almost 10% of all school students in the US. 短語搭配

据说全美近10%的在校学生都在私立学校就读。

The same source states that there are 441,496 teachers working full-time in private schools.

同一资料还指出，私立学校有441,496名全职教师。

As much as 79% of these schools have a religious affiliation.

高达79%的这些学校有宗教背景。

The Washington Post reported in 2016 that these schools are virtually all white

《华盛顿邮报》在2016年报道称，这些学校实际上几乎全是由白人学生组成，

with non-white students only making up around 10% of students across the country.

非白人学生仅占全国私立学校学生人数的10%左右。

As for public schools,

至于公立学校，

according to the National Center for Educational Statistics,

根据国家教育统计中心的数据，

50.7 million public school students will be studying in one of them

5070万名公立学校学生将在其中一所学校学习，

from pre-kindergarten to grade 12 in fall 2017.

涵盖了2017年秋季从学前班到12年级的阶段。

Teaching all those kids will be 3.2 million full-time teachers,

教授这些孩子们的将是320万名全职教师，

which is a ratio of 16 students for every teacher.

即师生比为1:16。

The ratio in private school is 12 students for one teacher.

而私立学校的比例是一名教师对应12名学生。

One of the main differences of public school is the mixed ethnicity of students.

公立学校的主要区别之一是学生的多种族混合。

Public schools in America are made up of 24.4 million white kids, 短語動詞

美国的公立学校由2440万名白人学生、

13.6 million Hispanic students,

1360万名西班牙裔学生、

8 million black students,

800万名黑人学生、

2.8 million Asian Pacific Islander students,

280万名亚太裔学生、

0.5 million American Indian Alaskan Native students,

50万名美洲印第安人及阿拉斯加原住民学生，

and 1.5 million mixed-race students.

以及150万名混血学生组成。

What about costs?

那么费用方面呢？

Well,

嗯，

the government pays for public schools.

政府为公立学校买单。

In 2017 to 2018,

在2017到2018年，

it's projected that the budget for public schools will be $623.5 billion.

预计公立学校的预算将达到6235亿美元。

This means that each student will cost an average of $12,300.

这意味着平均每个学生将花费12300美元。

Taxes will pay for this.

这一切都将由税收支付。

Private schools are a different matter and they are funded by tuition fees. 短語搭配

私立学校则是另一回事，它们是由学费资助的。

Tuition costs will change depending on the school.

学费的高低因学校而异。

For the year 2017 to 2018,

在2017到2018年期间，

the national average for private school tuition is $9,975 per year,

全国私立学校的平均学费为每年9975美元，

which is $8,918 per year for elementary schooling

其中小学每年的学费为8918美元，

and $13,524 per year for high school.

而高中每年的学费为13524美元。

The state of Vermont had the highest average with high school being $31,543 per year on average.

佛蒙特州的平均水平最高，高中平均每年需要31543美元。

If you are looking for cheap private schooling,

如果你想寻找便宜的私立学校，

head to West Virginia where the average cost for high school is currently $5,262.

请前往西弗吉尼亚州，那里高中的平均费用目前为5262美元。

We should add that a handful of private schools cost around the $50,000 a year mark. 短語搭配

我们还要补充一点，少数私立学校每年的费用高达50000美元左右。

So, what do you get for your money 短語搭配

那么，你花这些钱能得到什么呢？

besides pretty gardens and obviously top-notch facilities at a private school 用詞

除了私立学校里漂亮的花园和显而易见的顶尖设施外，

and perhaps metal detectors and patrolling policemen in some wayward public schools?

还有某些问题公立学校里的金属探测器和巡逻警察吗？

Well,

嗯，

when it comes to the syllabi, 表達脈絡

就教学大纲而言，

public schools have to adhere to state standards while private schools have much more flexibility. 短語搭配

公立学校必须遵守州立标准，而私立学校则有更大的灵活性。

This is seen as getting a better and more diverse education.

这被视为能获得更好、更多元化的教育。

The good news for not so wealthy people is that high school graduation rates in public schools has gone up recently.

对不太富有的人来说，好消息是最近公立学校的高中毕业率上升了。

It reached its highest during the Obama administration in 2015 at 83.2% of students graduating.

它在2015年奥巴马政府期间达到了最高点，有83.2%的学生顺利毕业。

At the same time,

与此同时，

95% of private school students graduate.

私立学校的学生有95%毕业。

According to the website College Admission,

根据 College Admission 网站的数据，

just about all of those private school grads will attend a university,

几乎所有这些私立学校的毕业生都会去上大学，

whereas only 49% of public school graduates will enter further education at college. 語法

而只有49%的公立学校毕业生会进入大学深造。

If you want to get into an Ivy League university, 講解

如果你想进入常春藤盟校，

there's no reason why you can't get in after attending public school. 語法

没有理由认为上过公立学校就进不去。

Top Tier Admissions tells us that roughly 25% of successful applicants to those top universities came from private schools

Top Tier Admissions 告诉我们，那些顶尖大学的成功申请者中，大约有25%来自私立学校，

and 60 to 70% from public schools.

还有60%到70%来自公立学校。

The rest were home-schooled.

剩下的是在家自学的。

Private school does work for a lot of people.

私立学校确实对很多人有效。

The richest man in the world,

世界上最富有的人，

Bill Gates, went to a private prep school, 文化背景

比尔·盖茨，曾就读于一所私立预科学校，

but then he later dropped out of Harvard.

但他后来从哈佛大学辍学了。

On the other hand, 表達脈絡

另一方面，

Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg went to a public school.

Facebook创始人马克·扎克伯格上的是公立学校。

When researching for how private school graduates outearn other kids in the future, 用詞

在研究私立学校毕业生未来如何比其他孩子赚得多时，

most of the stories are about the UK and how private school there seems to create most of the UK's millionaires.

大多数故事都是关于英国的，以及那里的私立学校似乎创造了英国大多数的百万富翁。

The US playing field might be a bit more level. 習語

美国的情况可能稍微公平一些。

After all,

毕竟，

Dr. Dre didn't go to private school.

Dr. Dre 并没有上过私立学校。

It seems in the US,

在美国似乎是这样：

if you actually get to university,

如果你真的上了大学，

it might not matter where you studied in high school in terms of making it. 習語

就取得成功而言，你在哪读的高中可能并不重要。

At the same time,

与此同时，

studies have found that being born with a silver spoon usually means you'll be passing that spoon on 習語

研究发现，含着金汤匙出生通常意味着你会把这把汤匙传下去，

and poorer folks with degrees don't usually jump up a class.

而拥有学位的穷人通常也无法跨越阶层。

Your background makes all the difference. 短語搭配

你的背景起着决定性作用。

A college degree,

大学学位，

says one report,

一份报告称，

is no great equalizer. 習語

并不是什么伟大的均衡器。

Why is this?

为什么会这样？

There are a host of possibilities 短語搭配

有很多种可能性，

from family resources during childhood and the place where one grew up

报告称，从童年时期的家庭资源、成长的地方，

to the colleges that low-income students attend,

到低收入学生就读的大学，

said the report.

都有可能。

Then you have rich folks that dropped out of high school,

还有一些从高中辍学的富人，

such as the billionaire Tumblr founder David Karp,

比如亿万富翁、Tumblr创始人戴维·卡普，

who dropped out of high school at 15 years old.

他在15岁时就从高中辍学了。

Joining him as a high school dropout

同样也是高中辍学生的，

is Facebook's former product manager Mike Hudak and filmmaker Quentin Tarantino.

还有Facebook前产品经理迈克·胡达克和电影制片人昆汀·塔伦蒂诺。

In light of the last person, 短語搭配

看看最后一位，

success in the arts or sport probably is not related to if you went to public or private school.

在艺术或体育方面的成功很可能与你上的是公立还是私立学校无关。

But if you want social mobility, 用詞

但如果你想实现社会阶层跃升，

then it's probably better your parents paid the cash for your education.

那么最好是你的父母为你的教育花过钱。

It also seems that the filmmaker is the only one of the three to have come from a humble background. 短語搭配

似乎这位电影制片人也是三人中唯一出身卑微的一个。

You may have some unique skills or be a natural autodidact 用詞

你可能有某种独特的技能，或者天生就能自学成才，

and so school doesn't matter much even if you are poor.

这样一来，即使你很穷，学校也没那么重要了。

Nonetheless,

尽管如此，

we can't ignore some statistics.

我们不能忽视一些统计数据。

The Bureau of Labor Statistics states that people without a high school diploma

美国劳工统计局指出，没有高中文凭的人，

will earn,

将会赚得，

on average,

平均，

$25,636 per year if in full-time employment.

如果做全职工作的话，每年25636美元。

8% of high school dropouts are currently unemployed.

高中辍学生中目前有8%的人处于失业状态。

If you have a high school diploma and nothing else,

如果你除了高中文凭什么都没有，

the average wage is $35,256 per year

平均工资为每年35256美元，

with 5.4% of those people currently unemployed.

其中有5.4%的人目前失业。

If you have a bachelor's degree,

如果你有学士学位，

you might earn an average of $59,124 per year.

你的平均收入可能达到每年59124美元。

Only 2.8% of Americans with a bachelor's degree are unemployed,

拥有学士学位的美国人中只有2.8%的人失业，

much less than the 4.4% of Americans currently out of a job. 短語搭配

远低于目前全美4.4%的失业率。

In conclusion,

总而言之，

it's odds on that if you went to private school, 習語

很有可能如果你上过私立学校，

then you most certainly went to university

那么你肯定也上了大学，

and with some family wealth behind you, 習語

而且在有一定的家庭财富作为后盾的情况下，

it's also pretty much a certainty you fell into one of those higher wage brackets. 用詞

你几乎肯定会进入更高工资水平的行列。

Then again, 表達脈絡

话又说回来，

if you are brilliant or spend more time reading than scrolling,

如果你很聪明，或者花在阅读上的时间比刷手机的时间还多，

then it is likely nothing will hold you back. 短語動詞

那么很可能没有什么能阻挡你的脚步。

So, what do you think?

那么，你觉得呢？

Is private school worth the extra dough 習語

私立学校值得花那笔额外的钱吗？

or is it all just a bunch of hooey? 習語

还是说这一切都只是一派胡言？

Let us know in the comments.

请在评论区告诉我们。

Also,

另外，

be sure to check out our other video called Vegans versus Meat-eaters.

一定要去看看我们另一个名为“素食主义者对阵食肉者”的视频。

Thanks for watching and as always,

感谢观看，一如既往，

don't forget to like, share, and subscribe.

别忘了点赞、分享并订阅。

See you next time.

我们下次再见。