是什么导致了抗生素耐药性？ - Kevin Wu：英语精读讲义

用本课中吸引注意的设问框架补全句子：____ that an octopus has three hearts?

使用 called 和类别名称 marsupials 补全句子：Animals ____ often carry their young in pouches.

选择表示“这些志愿者属于最早进入博物馆的一批人”的句子。

1. The volunteers were the first people for entering the museum.
2. The volunteers were some of the first people to enter the museum.
3. The volunteers were some people to enter the first museum.

选择使用 Though 先表达让步、再给出主要结果的自然标准英语句子。

1. Though the road icy, we arrived safely.
2. Though the road was icy, we arrived safely.
3. Though the road was icy, but we arrived safely.

使用本课的两个单词替代结构，不要重复 battery life：The battery life of this phone is longer than ____ my old phone.

用本课放在名词短语后面的词完成句子，表示 60 千克是总重量：All three boxes weigh 60 kilograms ____.

在句子“The buses run virtually every day,”中，virtually 是什么意思？

1. 几乎如此，但可能有例外
2. 绝对如此，没有任何例外
3. 只在数字环境中

朋友因为一趟列车晚点就担心整段旅程全毁了。“Don't reach for the panic button just yet”是什么意思？

1. 先不要惊慌或反应过度。
2. 不要碰火车上的紧急警报器。
3. 暂时不要制定任何旅行计划。

请用一个含 yet、表示“现在先不要，但之后可能可以”的两词短语完成句子：Don't turn off the computer ____; the update is still running.

哪句话最清楚地表示实验室A的样本数量正好是实验室B的十倍？

1. Lab A has ten times as many samples than Lab B.
2. Lab A has ten more samples than Lab B.
3. Lab A has ten times as many samples as Lab B.

用高亮短语中缺少的部分完成句子：A little nervousness can be harmless ____.

哪一个句子正确使用 -ing 短语来补充主要动作带来的作用？

1. The new windows block outside noise, make the room quieter.
2. The new windows blocking outside noise, make the room quieter.
3. The new windows block outside noise, making the room quieter.

本句中的 a few bad apples 是什么意思？

1. 几块腐烂的水果。
2. 少数有害的成员。
3. 群体中的每个成员都有害。

请用 from ... to ... 完成句子：The course covers topics ____ basic arithmetic ____ advanced geometry.

用 designed to + 动词原形的准确形式完成句子，说明头盔的预期用途：This helmet is ____ your head during a fall.

哪一句正确使用了两个句首分词短语来说明逗号后的主语？

1. Made in a laboratory or occurring naturally in caves, scientists study these crystals.
2. Made in a laboratory or occurring naturally in caves, these crystals have the same structure.
3. Making in a laboratory or occurred naturally in caves, these crystals have the same structure.

哪一句正确使用了 by + -ing，并用两个并列动作说明机制？

1. The machine saves energy by lowering the temperature or shuts down unused parts.
2. The machine saves energy by lower the temperature or shutting down unused parts.
3. The machine saves energy by lowering the temperature or shutting down unused parts.

用 all while + leave 的正确形式完成句子：The cleaner removes stains, ____ the fabric unharmed.

例句中的 The deployment of antibiotics 是什么意思？

1. 把抗生素用于军事部署
2. 抗生素包装的视觉设计
3. 有组织地引入并广泛使用抗生素

补全固定表达 over the course of，输入缺少的单词：The neighborhood changed gradually over the ____ of the next ten years.

用 render 的过去分词完成句子：The safety upgrade has ____ the old warning system unnecessary.

哪个句子表示，在学校现有的社团中，课后活动的社团数量正在持续增加？

1. More and more of our school clubs are meeting after class.
2. Our school clubs are becoming more and more organized.
3. More of our school clubs meet after class than on weekends.

使用 become 的现在进行时，并减弱 effective 的程度来补全句子：Over time, the old filter is ____ at removing dust.

使用表达 go wrong 补全问题：What could ____ during the experiment?

请用 wake up 的正确形式完成句子：The loud noise made the baby ____.

请用 not with ... but with 完成纠正：The problem is ____ the printer, ____ the Wi-Fi connection.

用 lie in 的正确形式完成句子：The reason for the failure ____ poor planning.

哪项陈述最符合 Darwin's theory of natural selection？

1. 生物会因为需要某种有用的突变而主动选择它。
2. 科学理论只是一种没有证据支持的猜想。
3. 具有有利可遗传特征的个体往往会留下更多后代，使该特征经过一代代变得更常见。

请选择正确使用 Just like any other ... 引入比较，并在后面接完整主句的句子。

1. Just like any other skill, drawing improves with practice.
2. Just like any other skill, because drawing improves with practice.
3. Just like other any skill, drawing improves with practice.

请用表示“经历某个过程”的正式动词完成句子：The new medicine must ____ several safety tests before approval.

用表示“偶尔”的固定短语补全句子：I still visit my old neighborhood ____.

哪一个句子中的 come along 表示“出现”？

1. We walked along the river.
2. An unexpected solution finally came along.
3. My sister came along with us.

使用 give、you、an edge 和 in 完成句子：Regular practice can ____ public speaking.

使用 resistant 及其正确的介词完成句子：These bacteria are ____ penicillin.

用表示“非常明显的优势”的强调短语完成句子：Her years of practice give her ____ in the final.

用表示“几乎消灭整个群体”的双词短语动词完成句子：A new disease nearly ____ the island's rabbit population.

请用一个表示“含有许多营养物质的土壤”的 X-rich 复合形容词完成句子：The vegetables grow well in ____ soil.

哪个句子正确使用了 there is + 条件 + for + 某人或某物 + to do 结构？

1. There is enough sunlight that the herbs to grow.
2. There is enough sunlight for the herbs growing.
3. There is enough sunlight for the herbs to grow.

选择一个自然地使用 pass along 表示把某物传给他人的句子。

1. We passed by the laboratory before lunch.
2. Please pass along the updated schedule to the afternoon team.
3. The cyclist passed along the fence without stopping.

选择使用 do so 指代 join the workshop 这一动作的句子。

1. If you want to join the workshop, please send your name by Thursday.
2. If you want to join the workshop, please join by Thursday.
3. If you want to join the workshop, please do so by Thursday.

这句话在这段说明中主要起什么作用？

1. 它宣布说明已经结束。
2. 它提示接下来会介绍另一种方法。
3. 它表示繁殖无法传递基因。

请用 upon 加名词 death 完成这个正式句子：Under the monitoring protocol, each animal's record is archived ____.

用 pick up 的被动形式补全句子：The signal can ____ nearby devices.

用 that is called 的缩略形式补全句子：The lab uses a process ____ filtration to clean water.

在这个片段中，connecting through pili 和 to share their genes 分别起什么作用？

1. connecting through pili 说明方式，to share their genes 说明目的。
2. 两者都是各自独立的主要动词。
3. connecting through pili 给出过去时的主要动作，to share their genes 表示时间。

用表示渐进变化的两个词短语完成句子：The paint faded ____.

哪句话自然地使用了 proliferate？

1. She proliferated the book onto the shelf.
2. The temperature proliferated by one degree.
3. False information can proliferate rapidly across social media.

entire strains of resistant super bacteria 最符合哪种意思？

1. 一个拥有非凡力量的细菌。
2. 施加在体型很大的细菌上的全部物理压力。
3. 具有强耐药性的完整细菌菌株。

这个问题在演讲中的主要话语作用是什么？

1. 它表示关于超级细菌的话题已经结束。
2. 它把内容从解释机制转向让风险显得迫在眉睫。
3. 它要求听众当场计算出一个精确的截止时间。

请用本课表示“取得控制权”的短语动词完成句子：After months of negotiations, the new owners will ____ the company on Monday.

哪个选项使用 For instance 引出一个支持前面概括性陈述的具体例子？

1. Many insects help gardens. However, bees pollinate flowers.
2. Many insects help gardens. For instance, bees pollinate flowers.
3. Many insects help gardens. As a result, bees pollinate flowers.

在这段科普内容中，Staphylococcus aureus 指什么？

1. 它是一种细菌的科学物种名称。
2. 它是一种抗生素的名称。
3. 它是表示金色物体的普通英语短语。

用 everything from ... to ... 完成句子：The community center offers ____ dance classes ____ computer workshops.

用 developed into 完成句子：Over many years, the small volunteer project has ____ a national charity.

用标出的结构和正确形式完成句子：After repeated exposure, the bacteria are ____ the antibiotic.

选择在句中表示“由于”的短语：“_____ the backup battery, the lights stayed on.”

1. Thanks for
2. Thank you
3. Thanks to

请补上关系从句中缺少的介词：This is the receptor the drug targets and binds ____.

请用 keep 和 make 的 -ing 形式补全句子：With enough clay, the potter can ____ bowls all day.

用表示“分解”的短语动词完成句子：Digestive enzymes ____ proteins into smaller molecules.

哪句话能自然地表达“屏障及时挡住了海浪，使其连一点损害都没有造成”？

1. The barrier stopped the waves before they could do any damages.
2. The barrier stopped the waves before they could make any damage.
3. The barrier stopped the waves before they could do any damage.

在这段科学内容中，E. coli 指什么？

1. Escherichia coli（一种细菌物种）的科学名称缩写
2. 表示某种数学运算的符号
3. 一种抗生素的名称

在句子 "The lab uses a network of sensors that includes devices that detect smoke," 中，每个 "that" 分别修饰什么？

1. 第一个 "that" 修饰 "lab"，第二个引出一个新的主句。
2. 两个 "that" 都修饰 "sensors"。
3. 第一个 "that" 修饰 "network"，第二个修饰 "devices"。

用本课表示“阻止药物发挥作用”的正式短语完成句子：A resistance mechanism can ____ antibiotics.

用高亮的 by + -ing 短语完成句子：The online platform protects the chat ____ disruptive users out.

用 manage to 的过去式和 open 补全句子：After several attempts, Lena ____ the jammed window.

用 stay one step ahead of 补全句子：To detect new scams early, banks must ____ criminals.

哪个句子结构完整，并正确使用 although 在提出重点前先承认困难？

1. Although attendance has fallen, but the museum will keep its weekend program.
2. Although attendance has fallen.
3. Although attendance has fallen, the museum will keep its weekend program.

请用 make it a priority to 的现在完成时完成句子：The city ____ improve road safety.

在短语 a novel treatment 中，novel 是什么意思？

1. 新的、具有创新性的
2. 已经标准化且为人熟知的
3. 一部长篇虚构小说

用一个表示“列举非完整示例”的两个单词短语完成句子：The museum displays ancient tools ____ stone axes and clay lamps.

哪句话表示一项政策会减少抗生素滥用，同时仍允许医学上必要的使用？

1. The policy aims to curb the excessive and unnecessary use of antibiotics.
2. The policy aims to encourage more antibiotic use for minor infections.
3. The policy aims to ban every use of antibiotics, even when medically necessary.

请用表示“无需外界帮助而自行解决”的四词目标表达完成句子：Minor disagreements may ____ after everyone has time to cool down.

用 train 的 -ing 形式完成句子：The club is raising funds as well as ____ new volunteers.

用本课表示“产生重大影响”的目标搭配完成句子：A regular sleep schedule can ____ your energy during the day.

请用 keep 正确的 by + -ing 形式完成句子：The gardener limits weeds ____ the soil covered with mulch.

在本句中，“In the war against super bacteria”是什么意思？

1. 一项长期控制耐抗生素细菌的公共卫生工作
2. 一场对抗巨型细菌的真实军事战斗
3. 一场赋予细菌特殊能力的比赛

哪一个句子自然地使用了 de-escalation？

1. The negotiators used de-escalation to make their threats more intense.
2. After the immediate danger passed, the medical team discussed de-escalation while continuing necessary care.
3. The shop announced de-escalation because every notebook was one dollar cheaper.

以下哪种情形最适合称为 evolutionary arms race？

1. 两名跑步者只比一次，看谁更快。
2. 由于环境没有产生新的压力，一个物种一直没有变化。
3. 宿主演化出一种防御，寄生生物又演化出反制防御，而每一次变化都不断为下一次适应施加选择压力。