真空室裡的乾冰：英語精讀講義

Hey guys, we are back in the lab with a 10-lb block of dry ice

嘿，大家好，我們帶著一塊10磅重的乾冰回到了實驗室，

to answer the question, what does dry ice do in a vacuum chamber?

為了解答一個問題：乾冰在真空室裡會怎樣？

The request for this experiment came in the comments from Jason Gamer.

這個實驗的請求來自Jason Gamer的留言。

Thanks for your request, Jason.

感謝你的請求，Jason。

I'm sending $25 your way.

我準備給你送上25美元。

Now, dry ice is solid carbon dioxide with a temperature of about -109°F, 文化背景

乾冰是固態的二氧化碳，溫度約為華氏零下109度，

but that's at sea level. 片語搭配

但這只是在海平面上的情況。

If we put it in a vacuum chamber and suck the air out, 文法

如果我們把它放進真空室並抽出空氣，

the pressure changes and the properties of the dry ice change as well.

壓力會發生變化，乾冰的屬性也會隨之改變。

Now, people ask all the time,

大家經常問，

where do you even get dry ice?

去哪裡才能弄到乾冰？

I just went down to the grocery store and picked this up for about $13. 片語動詞

我就是去雜貨店花了約13美元買到的。

They usually have a container near the front of the store

他們通常在商店前方有個容器，

where they keep it and you can get some as long as you're over 18. 文法

把它保存在那裡，只要你年滿18歲就能買一些。

Okay, cool.

好的，太酷了。

Let's just jump right in. 片語動詞

我們直接開始吧。

Gloves make it hard to work with.

戴著手套很難操作。

Being safe is so restrictive.

保持安全太受限了。

Ooh, good stuff.

哦，好東西。

Hey, just a thought.

嘿，我有個想法。

Will your tongue stick to dry ice if you lick it?

如果舔一下，舌頭會黏在乾冰上嗎？

Mm, apparently not,

嗯，顯然不會，

but it is a little fizzy.

但有點像喝汽水的感覺。

My tongue's a little cold.

我的舌頭有點冷。

Okay, so one problem, guys.

好吧，夥計們，有個問題。

This isn't going to fit in there.

這塊放不進去。

We're going to have to smash it up a little bit. 講解

我們得把它稍微砸碎一點。

So, let's grab a hammer and go to work.

那麼，讓我們拿把鎚子開工吧。

Oh.

哦。

You think I could karate chop this in half? 片語搭配

你覺得我能用空手道把它劈成兩半嗎？

That's a lot harder than I thought. 文法

這比我想像的要難得多。

And it actually did hurt quite a bit. 片語搭配

而且真的很疼。

But we did it.

但我們做到了。

We did it.

我們做到了。

That is how you break dry ice.

乾冰就是這麼敲碎的。

There we go.

搞定了。

All right, cool.

好了，太酷了。

So, we got a few chunks of dry ice in there.

我們往裡面放了幾塊乾冰。

Listen to that.

聽聽這聲音。

Our dry ice is having a private moment. 慣用語

我們的乾冰正在享受獨處時光。

Look at the way the vapor is falling and filling up the container.

看這水氣下沉並充滿容器的樣子。

Right now, what it's doing is pushing

現在，它正在做的是把

the oxygen out and filling the container

氧氣擠出並用二氧化碳

with carbon dioxide.

填滿整個容器。

So, we got a few good chunks of dry ice in our vacuum chamber.

好了，我們在真空室裡放了幾塊大乾冰。

Let's go ahead and put on the lid, 片語搭配

我們把蓋子蓋上，

close the valve,

關上閥門，

get this thing fired up. 片語動詞

啟動這台機器。

Let's see what happens.

來看看會發生什麼。

All right, so it actually is pulling vacuum pressure.

好的，它確實正在抽取真空。

It's probably not the smartest idea to be using a glass container 語氣意圖

用玻璃容器可能不是最明智的主意，

because the dry ice can actually cool down the glass at the bottom

因為乾冰實際上會讓底部的玻璃變冷，

while the glass at the top stays warm.

而頂部的玻璃卻保持溫暖。

So, that creates a difference in temperature

這就造成了溫差，

that could expose the glass to shattering and imploding.

可能導致玻璃碎裂和內爆。

So, this is a little bit dangerous.

所以，這有一點危險。

From here, I can see the gauge is probably around 23 inches of mercury, 文化背景

從這裡，我能看到壓力表大概在23英吋汞柱左右，

which is about as low as that vacuum pump can pull. 文法

這差不多是這台真空泵能抽到的最低極限了。

I'm going to close this valve and turn off the vacuum pump.

我要關掉這個閥門並關閉真空泵。

Watch the gauge as I do.

我做的時候注意看壓力表。

Now, it's about 22 inches of mercury,

現在大概是22英吋汞柱，

but as the dry ice continues to vaporize that carbon dioxide,

但隨著乾冰繼續氣化成二氧化碳，

you can see the container actually starts repressurizing

你能看到容器實際上開始重新加壓，

and the gauge is dropping in pressure.

而且壓力表的負壓正在下降。

So, just to go a little bit further, 表達脈絡

為了更進一步觀察，

let's release the pressure.

我們把壓力釋放掉。

Let's add a little bit of warm water to get this thing vaping a little bit 文法

我們加一點溫水讓它多冒點蒸汽，

and then turn the vacuum chamber back on. 片語動詞

然後再把真空室打開。

Let's open the valve in

我們準備打開閥門

3

3

2

2

1.

1。

Sweet dry ice vapor.

迷人的乾冰蒸汽。

It actually smells like vinegar

它居然有股醋味，

and I think that's because of the Proto Putty.

我覺得那是因為裡面放了Proto Putty。

I just poured some hot water.

我剛才倒了些熱水。

This is about the hottest I could get it out of my tap.

這大概是我能從水龍頭接到的最熱的水了。

And pouring this in will actually help insulate the bottom of the glass as well

把它倒進去其實也能幫玻璃底部保溫，

and reduce the chances of it imploding on us. 片語搭配

降低它內爆炸到我們的機率。

Oh, that's cool.

哦，這太酷了。

Oh, man.

哦，天哪。

Who doesn't love dry ice? 語氣意圖

誰會不愛乾冰呢？

Surprisingly,

令人驚訝的是，

I can actually breathe that quite well.

我居然可以很順暢地呼吸這些氣體。

I mean, I thought it would be stinging my lungs.

我的意思是，我以為它會刺痛我的肺部。

Like if you put dry ice into a balloon and then breathe it,

比如如果你把乾冰放進氣球然後吸氣，

it hurts the lungs quite a bit.

那會讓肺部非常難受。

But I can breathe this just fine. 片語搭配

但我呼吸這個完全沒問題。

Let's go ahead and add the rest of it.

我們繼續，把剩下的都加進去。

So, we now have hot water,

所以，我們現在的真空室裡有熱水，

dry ice in our vacuum chamber.

還有乾冰。

So, let's go ahead and put the lid on

那麼，我們蓋上蓋子，

and see what happens when we turn it on this time.

看看這次打開機器會發生什麼。

This valve open,

打開這個閥門，

this valve closed.

關閉這個閥門。

You can see if I actually try and hold this container closed,

你能看到如果我真的試圖按住這個容器，

the lid will actually start popping up.

蓋子還是會彈起來。

There's nothing I can do about it. 片語搭配

我對此無能為力。

And if I open the exhaust valve,

如果我打開排氣閥，

we could actually get dry ice vapor shooting out of it.

實際上乾冰蒸汽會噴射出來。

That looks cool.

看起來很酷。

Looks right out of the movies, 慣用語

簡直就像電影裡的畫面，

like a busted pipeline or something.

像破裂的管線之類的。

Sweet.

太棒了。

Okay, let's close that off 片語動詞

好了，我們把它關上，

and turn on the vacuum.

然後開啟真空泵。

3

3

2

2

1

1

Oh, and we actually are pulling vacuum pressure.

哦，其實我們正在抽取真空壓力。

That's surprising to me.

這讓我感到驚訝。

Cuz with how much vapor's coming off, 講解

因為隨著那麼多蒸汽冒出來，

I wondered if that would kind of neutralize,

我以為壓力會被中和掉，

if it'd equalize.

或者會平衡掉。

But we're at about 13 inches of mercury right now

但我們現在達到了大約13英吋汞柱的負壓，

and steadily increasing.

而且還在穩步上升。

So, there used to be a really dense thick white fog 文法

所以，剛才這裡有一團非常濃密的白霧，

and that has been reduced to the point now 文法

現在已經減少到了

where I can actually see the dry ice blocks inside.

我能清楚看到裡面乾冰塊的程度。

There still is a white vapor,

雖然還有白色蒸汽，

but that is slowly being pulled out.

但正在被慢慢抽出去。

And if you look closely,

如果你仔細看，

you can even see a little bit of that vapor

你甚至能看到一點蒸汽

flowing down the tube here to the vacuum pump.

正順著這根管子流向真空泵。

Now, I'm not exactly sure how good it is 語氣意圖

現在，我不太確定

to be running carbon dioxide and water vapor into a vacuum pump.

把二氧化碳和水蒸氣抽進真空泵裡好不好。

But hey,

不過嘿，

it's for you guys.

這都是為了你們。

It's for science.

為了科學。

All right, so update, guys.

好了，夥計們，更新一下進展。

We're down to about 20 inches of mercury right now.

我們現在的負壓下降到了約20英吋汞柱。

So, let's just flip the valve open,

那麼，我們就直接打開閥門，

let all the air back in, and see what happens.

讓所有空氣流回去，看看會發生什麼。

Oh,

哦，

and now you can hear it bubbling again.

現在你能再次聽到它在冒泡了。

That's interesting.

這很有趣。

So, we tried a massive amount of dry ice in a container.

所以，我們在容器裡嘗試了大量乾冰。

But what would happen if 文法

但如果在裡面

we just tried a very small amount of dry ice?

只嘗試很少量的乾冰會發生什麼呢？

Let's break off a small chunk, throw it into our pressure cooker, 片語動詞

我們掰下一小塊，扔進我們的壓力鍋裡，

and just see what happens there.

就看看那裡會發生什麼。

Throw that in.

把它扔進去。

Set the vacuum on.

啟動真空泵。

Gauge is rising.

壓力表在上升。

Rising fast, man.

上升得很快，老兄。

That looks good.

看起來不錯。

Oh, yeah.

哦，對。

That's a lot faster than we had all that dry ice in there.

這比我們剛才放那麼多乾冰時要快得多。

We're almost up as far as this thing can go right now.

我們現在幾乎已經達到這東西的極限了。

22 inches of mercury.

22英吋汞柱。

Oh, wow.

哦，哇。

Look,

看，

the dry ice is shaking a little bit.

乾冰在輕微顫抖。

It's like vibrating.

就像在振動。

Looks really nervous right now.

現在看起來非常緊張。

If I grab this lid and shake it,

如果我抓住這個蓋子搖晃，

there's no way that's coming off. 講解

它是絕對掉不下來的。

But interestingly enough, 表達脈絡

但有趣的是，

like the dry ice isn't doing much in there.

乾冰在裡面好像沒發生什麼劇烈反應。

It's still sublimating like it normally would, 文法

它還是像平時一樣在昇華，

but I don't know if it's sublimating any faster.

但我不知道它昇華得有沒有變快。

But I really have no way to gauge that.

不過我真的沒辦法測量這一點。

So, yeah,

所以，沒錯，

dry ice in a vacuum is very anticlimactic. 用詞

乾冰在真空裡真的非常讓人掃興。

Nothing's really happening.

其實什麼也沒發生。

So, there you have it, guys. 表達脈絡

好了，各位，就是這樣。

A very fun and a very cool experiment with dry ice

一個在真空室裡測試乾冰的

in a vacuum chamber.

非常有趣且很酷的實驗。

And thanks again to Jason Gamer

再次感謝Jason Gamer

for requesting this experiment.

請求做這個實驗。

If any of you have experiments you want to see me try,

如果你們有任何想看我嘗試的實驗，

post your suggestions down below.

請在下面留言建議。

Thanks for joining me for this video.

感謝觀看本期影片。

I'll be looking for you in the next one.

我們下期影片見。

Talk to you then.

到時候見。

Excuse you. 語氣意圖

見笑了。