英語回顧 - 6分鐘英語：職場禮儀與正式程度：英語精讀講義

Hello.

你好。

The program you're about to listen to 文法

你即將收聽的節目

was first broadcast in June 2009

首播於 2009 年 6 月，

on the BBC Learning English website.

播出平台是 BBC Learning English 網站。

For more English language learning programs and podcasts,

想獲取更多英語學習節目和 Podcast，

search for BBC Learning English.

請搜尋 BBC Learning English。

Hello, this is 6-Minute English.

大家好，這裡是《6-Minute English》。

I'm Jackie Dalton and with me today is Neil Edgeller.

我是 Jackie Dalton，今天和我在一起的是 Neil Edgeller。

Hello, sir.

您好，先生。

Sir?

先生？

Very unusual.

這太不尋常了。

You don't usually call me sir, Jackie. 語氣意圖

Jackie，你平時可不叫我先生的。

Uh no, I don't usually.

嗯，對，我平時不這麼叫。

I usually call you Neil, don't I? 文法

我通常直接叫你 Neil，不是嗎？

Yes, you do.

是的，沒錯。

And that's because we're colleagues and the way we interact in the office 文法

那是因為我們是同事，而且我們在辦公室的交流方式

is pretty informal, really.

真的很隨意。

It's quite relaxed.

相當輕鬆。

We just use each other's first names.

我們只叫對方的名字。

And the reason I called you sir is because the topic of today's program 文法

我之所以叫你先生，是因為今天節目的主題

is formality or lack of formality at work. 用詞

就是工作場所中的正式與非正式禮儀。

So, do you work somewhere where you can behave in a relaxed way around colleagues 片語搭配

那麼，你的工作環境是可以和同事輕鬆相處，

or do you have to be very polite and maybe a bit distant? 用詞

還是必須保持非常禮貌，甚至有一點距離感呢？

Is there a dress code?

有關於服裝的規定嗎？

Yes, a dress code is the rules for what you should wear in a certain situation. 用詞

有的，服裝規定就是指你在特定場合該穿什麼衣服的準則。

So, if a restaurant has a no jeans policy or dress code, 片語搭配

所以，如果一家餐廳有「禁止穿牛仔褲」的規定或服裝要求，

it means you have to wear smart trousers. 用詞

那就意味著你必須穿體面的長褲。

You're not allowed in if you wear jeans. 文法

如果你穿牛仔褲就不允許進去。

Well, in a moment we'll be talking a bit about things have changed for us here.

好了，稍後我們會聊聊這裡的變化。

But first, I have a question for you.

但首先，我有個問題要問你。

Mhm.

嗯哼。

A survey was carried out in Britain into dress codes at work. 片語動詞

英國進行了一項關於職場服裝規定的調查。

And I'd like you to guess what percentage of people 語氣意圖

我想請你猜猜，有多大比例的人

said they'd prefer to be given a precise dress code. 文法

表示他們更希望有明確的服裝規定。

In other words, 表達脈絡

換句話說，

would prefer to be told what kind of clothes they should wear.

也就是更希望被告知他們應該穿什麼樣的衣服。

Was it 5%, 23%, or 85%?

是 5%、23% 還是 85%？

Well, I don't think people like being told what to wear, 文法

我覺得人們不喜歡被規定穿什麼，

so I'm going to say 5%.

所以我猜是 5%。

Okay, well we'll find out at the end of the program 片語動詞

好的，我們在節目最後將會揭曉

whether your answer was correct.

你的答案是否正確。

Would you say the BBC World Service is a fairly formal place to work?

你認為 BBC 國際頻道是一個工作氛圍相當正式的地方嗎？

It's quite a serious place, 用詞

這是一個相當嚴謹的地方，

but it's certainly not formal.

但絕對不算正式。

People wear pretty much what they want to wear. 片語搭配

人們基本上想穿什麼就穿什麼。

And most people are on first name terms, aren't they? 片語搭配

而且大多數人都是直呼其名，對吧？

Yes, they are.

對，沒錯。

That means that they don't call each other Mr. Smith or Mrs. Jones.

意思是他們不會互稱史密斯先生或瓊斯女士。

They call each other Brian and Keith.

他們互稱 Brian 和 Keith。

Walking around here most of the time,

在這一帶走動時，大多數時候

people you see look pretty casual, don't they? 用詞

你會看到人們打扮得相當休閒，不是嗎？

Yes, casual means the opposite of formal.

是的，「casual」的意思就是正式的相反面。

It's another way of saying informal.

它是表達非正式的另一種說法。

Well, it wasn't always so. 表達脈絡

其實，事情並不總是這樣的。

Carrie has been around the BBC for nearly 30 years 用詞

Carrie 在 BBC 待了近 30 年，

and things used to be quite different when she joined. 文法

當她剛加入時，情況相當不同。

How would she have to address her boss? 用詞

那時她必須怎麼稱呼她的老闆呢？

When I started in the BBC, my boss was very formal.

我剛開始在 BBC 工作時，我的老闆非常正式。

Um he wore a suit and tie every day to work 片語搭配

嗯，他每天都穿西裝打領帶上班，

and you had to call him Mr. 語氣意圖

而且你必須稱呼他為某某先生。

So, he was Mr. Bowman.

所以，他就是 Bowman 先生。

I wouldn't have dreamt of calling him Eric, which was his first name. 慣用語

我作夢也不會叫他 Eric，這是他的名。

On the other hand, he didn't actually call us um by Miss or Mrs. 講解

另一方面，他也並沒有稱呼我們為某某小姐或某某女士。

We were called by our first name because we were his underlings. 用詞

我們被直呼其名，因為我們是他的下屬。

We were his staff.

我們是他的員工。

But the boss was always called Mr. or Mrs.

但老闆總是被稱為先生或女士。

But on actually most occasions,

不過實際上在大多數情況下，

it would have been Mr.

都會被稱為先生。

Did you get that?

你聽懂了嗎？

She had to call her boss Mr.

她必須稱呼她的老闆先生。

So, they certainly weren't on first name terms.

所以他們絕對不是直呼其名的關係。

Well, Carrie also had to face even stricter rules after that.

然而，在那之後 Carrie 還面臨過更嚴格的規定。

What did she have to do?

她必須做什麼？

A couple of years after I started at the BBC,

我在 BBC 開始工作幾年後，

I moved to a different department

轉到了另一個部門，

and there was a lady in that department who ran an office 用詞

那個部門有位女士管理著一間辦公室，

with about six or seven staff in it

裡面大約有六七名員工，

and the staff had to ask permission if they wanted to go to the toilet. 片語搭配

員工如果要上廁所，必須請求許可。

They weren't allowed to just leave the office. 文法

他們不被允許隨意離開辦公室。

And in fact, she timed them sometimes, too, 用詞

事實上，她有時還會給他們計時，

and decided if they were too long in the toilet.

並判斷他們上廁所的時間是否太長。

Carrie had to ask permission to go to the toilet?

Carrie 上廁所還要請求許可？

Yeah, to ask permission means to ask if you can do something,

對，請求許可意味著詢問你是否可以做某事，

if it's allowed.

是否被允許。

Yes.

沒錯。

And in our office, we don't have that kind of regime anymore, do we? 用詞

而在我們的辦公室裡，早就沒有那樣的制度了，對吧？

We don't have to ask permission if we want to leave the room for a while. 文法

如果我們想離開房間一會兒，並不需要請求許可。

No, we can do pretty much what we want to do

不需要，我們基本上可以做想做的事，

as long as we finish our work. 文法

只要完成工作就行。

Exactly.

完全正確。

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Well, we're quite lucky sitting here in our jeans or corduroys

我們能穿著牛仔褲或燈芯絨褲坐在這裡真的很幸運，

because there was a time when that would have been out of the question. 講解

因為曾有一段時間這簡直是不可想像的。

Listen to Carrie again.

再聽聽 Carrie 的話。

What did newsreaders at the BBC used to have to wear 用詞

以前 BBC 的新聞播報員在播報時

while they were presenting?

必須穿什麼呢？

Long, long before I joined,

在我加入的很久很久以前，

the newsreaders, which at those stations at that stage would have been on radio

那時各大電台的新聞播報員還在做廣播節目，

rather than on television, 表達脈絡

而不是在電視上，

had to wear dinner jackets to read the news 用詞

他們必須穿著無尾晚禮服播報新聞，

even though nobody could see them other than the other people in the studio. 講解

儘管除了攝影棚裡的其他人，沒人能看見他們。

Neil, they had to wear dinner jackets

Neil，他們必須穿無尾晚禮服，

even when they were on radio and no one could see them.

即使他們在做廣播，沒人能看到他們。

Yes, a dinner jacket is that very formal style of suit

是的，「dinner jacket」就是那種非常正式的西裝款式，

that people wear when they go out to a formal event,

人們在出席正式活動時穿的，

for example, at the Oscars or something like that.

比如奧斯卡頒獎典禮之類的地方。

It's that black jacket, uh black trousers and a bow tie,

它是那種黑色夾克、呃黑色長褲，搭配一個領結，

not a normal tie, a very small bow tie.

不是普通的領帶，是一個很小的領結。

Uh this kind of suit is often called a tuxedo as well. 用詞

呃，這種西裝通常也被稱為「tuxedo」。

A few decades ago in some workplaces in Britain,

幾十年前，在英國的一些工作場所，

this concept of dress down Fridays was introduced. 文化背景

引入了「便服星期五」的概念。

Dress down Friday means that

便服星期五的意思是，

during the rest of the week,

在一週的其餘時間裡，

you wear quite smart clothes,

你要穿相當正式講究的衣服，

maybe a shirt and tie, possibly a suit.

比如襯衫加領帶，或者可能是西裝。

Uh and on a Friday, you can come in 片語搭配

呃，而在星期五，你就可以

in your jeans, T-shirt, whatever you want.

穿牛仔褲、T恤或任何你想穿的衣服來上班。

You dress down. 片語動詞

你穿得比較隨意。

It's less formal.

也就是沒那麼正式了。

Well, let's have a quick reminder of some of the vocabulary that we've looked at.

好了，讓我們快速複習一下我們看過的詞彙。

We've had casual, which also means the same as informal.

我們提到了「casual」，和「informal」意思一樣。

We've had formal, which means the opposite.

我們提到了「formal」，意思是相反的。

First name terms, which means being able to call somebody by their first name

「First name terms」，意思是能夠直呼某人的名字

and not Mr. something.

而不是叫某某先生。

We have dress codes, which is the rules about what you should wear.

我們提到了「dress codes」，也就是關於你該穿什麼的規定。

We've had dinner jacket, which Neil, you just explained,

我們提到了「dinner jacket」，Neil 你剛剛解釋過的，

a certain formal suit.

某種正式西裝。

And we had to ask permission, which means to ask if you can do something,

還有「to ask permission」，意思就是詢問你是否可以做某事，

if it's allowed.

是否被允許。

And finally, the answer to this week's tricky question.

最後，揭曉本週難題的答案。

I asked what percentage of people in Britain

我問過，英國有多大比例的人

said they would prefer to have a precise dress code

表示他們更希望有明確的服裝規定，

and you said 5%, Neil.

Neil，你說的是 5%。

Mhm.

嗯哼。

Uh and you're absolutely wrong.

呃，你完全錯了。

It's 85%, believe it or not, 語氣意圖

信不信由你，是 85%，

which I find shocking. 文法

這讓我感到非常震驚。

That's really disappointing.

真讓人失望。

People have got no imagination. 用詞

大家真是毫無想像力。

Exactly.

沒錯。

So, I can take it from that, Neil, 片語搭配

所以由此我可以推斷，Neil，

that you prefer to work in a fairly informal environment.

你更喜歡在一個相當非正式的環境中工作。

Exactly.

正是如此。

I mean, what I'm wearing at the moment 語氣意圖

我是說，我現在的穿著

is what I wore in bed.

就是我睡覺時穿的。

Well, that's all for this week.

好了，本週節目就到這裡。

But do join us again soon 文法

但請務必盡快再次加入我們，

for more 6-Minute English.

收聽更多《6-Minute English》。

Goodbye.

再見。

Bye.

拜拜。

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