你的尿液透露了什麼秘密？：英語精讀講義

You produce between 2 to 3 pints of urine every day, 文法

你每天會產生2到3品脫的尿液，

but most of us still pay little attention to our liquid waste. 片語搭配

但我們大多數人仍很少留意這些液體廢物。

So,

那麼，

what does your pee say about you? 慣用語

你的尿液透露了你的哪些資訊？

And could it be a clear indicator of your body's overall health?

它能不能清楚反映出你的整體健康狀況？

Before you pee,

在你排尿之前，

the kidneys filter water-soluble waste by absorbing the nutrients it needs to keep like sugar back into your body 文法

腎臟會過濾水溶性廢物，把糖等身體需要保留的營養物質重新吸收回體內，

and getting rid of the things your body doesn't want like toxins. 片語動詞

並排出毒素等身體不需要的東西。

The liquid waste then flows to your bladder

接著，液體廢物會流進膀胱，

where it's stored until eventually being peed out.

儲存在那裡，直到最後排出體外。

If your urine is brown,

如果尿液呈褐色，

it could be from eating a lot of rhubarb, 文法

可能是因為吃了很多大黃、

fava beans,

蠶豆

or aloe.

或蘆薈。

It's also a side effect of some medications such as laxatives, 片語搭配

這也可能是某些藥物的副作用，例如瀉藥、

muscle relaxants,

肌肉鬆弛劑

and antibiotics.

和抗生素。

More seriously, 表達脈絡

更嚴重的是，

it can be a sign of liver disorder or kidney disease.

這可能是肝臟疾病或腎臟疾病的徵兆。

If you're seeing purple,

如果你看到的是紫色尿液，

you may be suffering from a rare inherited disorder known as porphyria. 片語搭配

你可能患有一種稱為紫質症的罕見遺傳性疾病。

Porphyrias cause your body to be deficient in the enzymes which produce heme, 講解

紫質症會使身體缺乏製造血基質所需的酵素，

an essential part of red blood cells.

而血基質是紅血球的重要組成部分。

Green urine?

綠色尿液呢？

It could be from a new medication or vitamin.

可能是新服用的藥物或維生素造成的。

Some green food dyes don't get absorbed by your body and can be excreted in your urine. 文法

有些綠色食用色素不會被身體吸收，可能會隨尿液排出。

So,

所以，

a green stream is not always something to be alarmed about, 語氣意圖

尿液呈綠色不一定需要擔心，

especially after St. Patrick's Day. 文化背景

尤其是在聖派翠克節之後。

If your urine is blue,

如果尿液呈藍色，

you likely have familial hypercalcemia, 用詞

你很可能患有家族性高血鈣症，

an inherited disorder found in children

這是一種會出現在兒童身上的遺傳性疾病，

which is caused by excess calcium in the blood,

原因是血液中的鈣含量過高，

also known as blue diaper syndrome. 片語搭配

又稱為藍尿布症候群。

Some medications have methylene blue in them

有些藥物含有亞甲藍，

which can also cause urine to turn blue or green. 文法

也會讓尿液變成藍色或綠色。

If it's pink or red,

如果尿液呈粉紅色或紅色，

there may be blood in your urine.

裡面可能帶血。

This can be due to a variety of conditions 片語搭配

這可能由多種健康問題引起，

from an enlarged prostate,

例如攝護腺肥大、

bladder cancer,

膀胱癌，

or even chronic lead poisoning.

甚至慢性鉛中毒。

But red urine can also be caused by different types of medications

不過，尿液變紅也可能是不同藥物造成的，

or from eating richly colored foods like beets and blackberries.

或是因為吃了甜菜根、黑莓等顏色濃郁的食物。

In fact,

事實上，

beeturia is the technical term for peeing pink after eating too many beets. 片語搭配

吃太多甜菜根後尿液變成粉紅色，專業術語叫做「甜菜尿症」。

If your urine is orange,

如果尿液呈橘色，

it could be from eating excessive amounts of food 片語搭配

可能是因為吃了太多

containing high levels of vitamin C or carotene such as carrots.

維生素C或胡蘿蔔素含量高的食物，例如胡蘿蔔。

It's also caused by drugs like a painkiller called Pyridium 文法

一種名為Pyridium的止痛藥也會造成這種情況，

given to people with urinary tract infections

這種藥用於泌尿道感染患者，

which turns urine bright orange.

會讓尿液變成亮橘色。

Now,

那麼，

normally urine should be a shade of yellow 片語搭配

正常來說，尿液應該呈黃色，

and it gets this yellow color from the pigment of your urobilin,

這種黃色來自尿膽素這種色素，

which is a product of the breakdown of heme, 片語搭配

它是血基質分解後的產物，

an essential part of your blood.

而血基質是血液的重要組成部分。

Depending on how much water you have in your body, 文法

視你體內的水分多寡而定，

your urine will either be diluted or concentrated with urobilin. 文法

尿液中的尿膽素會被稀釋或濃縮。

Honey-colored?

蜂蜜色？

It means your body has reabsorbed a lot of water to keep you hydrated,

這表示你的身體為了維持體內水分而重新吸收了大量水分，

so now there's a higher concentration of urobilin in your urine,

因此尿液中的尿膽素濃度變高，

making your pee appear amber-colored. 文法

讓尿液呈現琥珀色。

You should probably drink some water right now. 語氣意圖

你現在或許該喝點水了。

If it's dark yellow,

如果是深黃色，

this is normal,

這屬於正常現象，

but there's still more urobilin,

但尿膽素濃度仍然比較高，

so you'll want to drink water soon.

所以你最好趕快喝水。

No color at all means you've been drinking a lot of water. 文法

完全沒有顏色，表示你喝了很多水。

It could also mean you have consumed caffeine or alcohol

也可能表示你攝取了咖啡因或酒精，

which inhibits the ability for your body to reabsorb liquid in the kidney,

它們會抑制身體在腎臟中重新吸收液體的能力，

meaning you pee out way more water. 講解

讓你排出多得多的水分。

If you're looking at transparent yellow,

如果尿液是清澈的黃色，

you're normal and healthily hydrated.

代表一切正常，而且你的身體水分充足。

Got a burning question you want answered? 講解

有什麼迫切想知道答案的問題嗎？

Ask it in the comments

歡迎在留言區提問，

or on Facebook and Twitter.

或到Facebook和Twitter上提問。

And if you want the inside scoop on upcoming episode ideas and behind the scenes, 慣用語

如果你想搶先知道未來的影片點子和幕後花絮，

check out our personal Instagram and Twitter handles. 用詞

記得查看我們的個人Instagram和Twitter帳號。

And subscribe for more weekly science videos.

別忘了訂閱，每週收看更多科學影片。