為什麼氣味能讓我們有家的感覺 ⏲️ 6分鐘英語：英語精讀講義

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

bbclearningenglish.com 呈現的《6分鐘英語》。

Hello.

大家好。

This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

這裡是 BBC Learning English 製作的《6分鐘英語》。

I'm Phil.

我是 Phil。

And I'm Beth.

我是 Beth。

Phil,

Phil，

what makes home special for you? 文法

家對你來說有什麼特別之處？

Maybe it's sleeping in your own bed,

也許是睡在自己的床上，

the view from the window,

窗外的風景，

or a loved family pet.

或者一隻心愛的家庭寵物。

What makes you feel like you're home, Phil? 文法

是什麼讓你覺得回到家了呢，Phil？

You know what? 語氣意圖

你猜怎麼著？

I think it's just relaxing on my sofa in my living room.

我覺得就是在我家客廳的沙發上放鬆休息。

Mm, very nice.

嗯，非常好。

Um, well, you might not realize it, 表達脈絡

嗯，也許你沒有意識到，

but for your brain,

但對你的大腦來說，

one of the strongest identifiers of home is smell. 文法

最有代表性的家的標識之一就是氣味。

Listen as BBC presenters Marnie Chesterton

來聽聽 BBC 主持人 Marnie Chesterton

and Tristan Ahtone

和 Tristan Ahtone

describe the smells

描述那些

which give them the feeling of home. 片語搭配

給他們家一樣感覺的氣味。

My grandad's house smelt of pine 片語搭配

我爺爺家有股松樹的味道，

and damp and musty books. 用詞

還有潮濕和發霉的書卷氣。

I know my mom's perfume,

我知道我媽媽的香水味，

my dad's preferred soap.

還有我爸爸最愛的肥皂味。

In this program,

在本期節目中，

we'll be finding out why our sense of smell 片語動詞

我們將弄清楚為什麼我們的嗅覺

is so important to feeling at home, 文法

對於在家的感覺如此重要，

even when we don't notice it. 文法

即使在我們沒有注意到它的時候。

As always,

像往常一樣，

we'll be introducing some useful new vocabulary.

我們將介紹一些有用的新詞彙。

And if you head over to our website, 片語動詞

如果你造訪我們的網站，

bbclearningenglish.com,

bbclearningenglish.com，

you'll find a transcript of the program

你會找到本期節目的文字稿，

to read along with as you listen. 片語動詞

可以在收聽時跟著閱讀。

And there's a free worksheet, too.

還有一份免費的學習單。

Good idea, Beth.

好主意，Beth。

But now,

但現在，

it's time for my question.

該到我的提問時間了。

The sense of smell is incredibly powerful,

嗅覺是非常強大的，

but not everyone has it. 文法

但並不是所有人都有嗅覺。

A small amount of the population is anosmic, 用詞

一小部分人是嗅覺缺失的（anosmic），

meaning they can't smell.

意思也就是他們聞不到氣味。

So,

所以，

according to research at the University of Reading, 片語搭配

根據雷丁大學的研究，

what percentage of people have no sense of smell?

沒有嗅覺的人口比例是多少？

Is it A, 2%,

是A，2%，

B, 5%,

B，5%，

or C, 7%?

還是C，7%？

Oh, I'm going to say B, 5%. 語氣意圖

哦，我選B，5%。

Mm, well, we'll find out the correct answer

嗯，我們會在節目稍後

later in the program.

揭曉正確答案。

Have you ever come back home from holiday 片語搭配

你有沒有試過度假回家後

and noticed a strange smell in your house?

注意到你家裡有一種奇怪的味道？

If you have, 文法

如果有，

don't worry, it's not bad.

別擔心，這不是壞事。

In fact, there's a scientific reason for it. 表達脈絡

事實上，這有科學依據。

As science writer Tristan Ahtone explained

正如科學作家 Tristan Ahtone 向

to BBC World Service program

BBC 世界頻道節目

Unexpected Elements.

《Unexpected Elements》所解釋的那樣。

One thing I've been thinking about 文法

我一直在思考的一件事

is that every house or home has, well, a smell to it. 用詞

就是每個房子或每個家都有，嗯，一種屬於它的味道。

You might really notice this in your own home

在自己的家裡你可能真的會注意到這一點，

when you come back from a long trip

當你長途旅行歸來，

and you step through your front door 片語搭配

當你邁進前門，

and things smell, well, just kind of a bit weird. 語氣意圖

東西聞起來，嗯，就是有點奇怪。

While there's a good chance your house might smell strange 片語搭配

雖然很有可能你的房子聞起來奇怪

because it's been closed up for a few weeks, 片語動詞

是因為它已經關了好幾個星期，

there's also a chance you might be smelling your home

但也有可能你聞到的就是你的家

as it usually smells, 文法

平時通常的味道，

but you just don't notice it when you're there.

只是你在家的時候並沒有注意到而已。

Tristan says that when you return home after being away,

Tristan 說當你外出後回家，

there's a good chance your house smells weird,

很有可能你的房子聞起來 weird（奇怪的），

an adjective meaning strange or unusual.

這是一個形容詞，意思是奇怪的或不尋常的。

If you say there's a good chance that something will happen,

如果你說很有可能（there's a good chance）某事會發生，

you mean there's a high likelihood or probability of it.

你的意思是它發生的可能性或機率很高。

The truth is that every home has a smell,

事實是每個家都有一種味道，

although we're so used to it, 片語搭配

儘管我們已經如此習慣，

we usually don't notice.

通常我們注意不到。

When we breathe in, 片語動詞

當我們吸氣時，

receptor cells in the nose detect molecules in the air

鼻子裡的受體細胞檢測空氣中的分子

and send them to olfactory organs in the brain. 用詞

並把它們發送到大腦裡的嗅覺器官。

These analyze the smells for danger.

這些器官分析氣味是否有危險。

The reason you can't smell your own home 文法

你聞不到自己家的味道的原因

is that it isn't a threat to you.

是它對你沒有威脅。

Here's science writer Tristan Ahtone again,

再次有請科學作家 Tristan Ahtone

explaining more to BBC World Service program

向 BBC 世界頻道節目

Unexpected Elements.

《Unexpected Elements》解釋更多細節。

Well, by filtering out common non-threatening smells, 片語動詞

嗯，透過過濾掉常見無威脅的氣味，

it makes it easier to detect things out of the ordinary 講解

我們能更容易地察覺出不同尋常的東西，

that might be dangerous.

那些可能很危險的東西。

So, for example,

所以，舉個例子，

if you forget about your toast and it starts to burn,

如果你忘了你的吐司，然後它開始燒焦了，

you can typically smell that quickly

你通常能很快聞出那個味道，

because there's a change to the environment that you're in.

因為你所處的環境發生了改變。

Then the other parts of your brain kick 片語動詞

然後你大腦的其他部分開始

in to understand the smell of smoke 片語搭配

運轉起來，去把煙味理解為

as a potential harm or threat.

潛在的傷害或威脅。

But even if we can't smell our own homes, 文法

但即使我們聞不到自己家的味道，

the scent of them still matters

它們的氣味依然重要，

because it's entangled with our recognition of comfort and security. 用詞

因為這與我們對舒適和安全的認知交織在一起。

By filtering out familiar smells,

透過過濾掉熟悉的氣味，

our brains are able to detect other smells

我們的大腦能夠察覺其他

which are out of the ordinary,

不同尋常的（out of the ordinary）、

unusual or uncommon,

不尋常或不常見的氣味，

and which may be dangerous.

而且可能是危險的氣味。

To filter something out

過濾出（filter something out）

means to remove or separate something unwanted

意思是從某物中移除或分離出不想要的東西

from something else.

從某物中。

For example,

例如，

filtering out the smell of home

過濾掉家裡的味道

means we notice the smell of burning toast

意味著我們能注意到烤焦吐司的味道

or other smells alerting us to possible danger. 片語搭配

或其他警示我們潛在危險的氣味。

Even though we don't usually notice the scent, 文法

儘管我們通常不會注意到這個氣味，

the particular smell of our home,

這個家裡特有的味道，

it still has an effect on the brain's limbic system, 講解

它對大腦中處理記憶和情感的邊緣系統

which handles memory and emotion.

仍會產生影響。

This explains why smell has such a strong effect 表達脈絡

這解釋了為什麼氣味對我們的感受

on our feelings

有如此強烈的影響，

and why we feel comfortable and safe at home.

以及為什麼我們在家裡感到舒適和安全。

Right.

對。

Phil, isn't it time to reveal the answer to your question?

Phil，是不是該揭曉你問題的答案了？

Yes, it is.

是的。

I asked you what percentage of the population is anosmic,

我問你患有嗅覺缺失症的人口比例是多少，

that means they can't smell.

也就是他們聞不到氣味的意思。

And the answer is B, 5%,

答案是B，5%，

which is what you said,

也就是你說的那個，

I think.

我覺得。

It is, yeah.

沒錯，是的。

Well done.

做得好。

Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned in this program, 表達脈絡

好的，讓我們複習一下本期節目學到的詞彙，

starting with anosmic,

從 anosmic 開始，

meaning having no sense or a limited sense of smell.

意思是完全沒有嗅覺或嗅覺有限制。

The adjective weird means strange,

形容詞 weird 的意思是奇怪的、

odd, or bizarre.

古怪的或離奇的。

When someone says there's a good chance something will happen,

當有人說很有可能（there's a good chance）某事會發生，

they mean it's quite likely to happen.

他們的意思是這事很有可能發生。

The phrase out of the ordinary means unusual,

片語 out of the ordinary 的意思是不尋常的、

uncommon, or exceptional.

不常見的或例外的。

If you filter something out,

如果你 filter something out（過濾掉某物），

you remove or separate something unwanted from a substance.

你從某種物質中移除或分離出不想要的東西。

And finally,

最後，

a scent is a distinctive smell, 用詞

scent 是一種獨特的氣味，

often a pleasant one,

通常是好聞的，

although it can also mean the smell made by an animal. 用詞

儘管它也可以指動物留下的氣味。

Once again,

再說一次，

our 6 minutes are up.

我們的六分鐘到了。

But if you enjoyed listening to this program,

但是如果你喜歡聽這檔節目，

you'll find many more,

你可以找到更多，

along with a worksheet with a quiz you can try

外加一張學習單，可以在我們的網站上試做裡面的小測驗：

on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.

bbclearningenglish.com。

See you there soon.

期待很快在那裡與你相見。

Bye.

拜拜。

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

bbclearningenglish.com 呈現的《6分鐘英語》。