人類最奇怪的恐懼症！：英語精讀講義

The word phobia comes from the Greek word phobos, 片語搭配

詞語「phobia」（恐懼症）源自希臘語「phobos」，

which is related to having a fear of something

它與對某事物的恐懼有關，

or often what we might call an irrational fear. 文法

或者通常我們所說的不理性的恐懼。

We are sure you've all heard of arachnophobia, 片語搭配

相信你們都聽說過「arachnophobia」（蜘蛛恐懼症），

which means a fear of spiders,

意思是害怕蜘蛛，

or hydrophobia,

或者是「hydrophobia」（恐水症），

which means a fear of water.

意思是害怕水。

According to the National Institute of Mental Health,

根據美國國家心理健康研究所的數據，

19.2 million US adults suffer from phobias,

有1920萬美國成年人患有恐懼症，

with some of the most common being a fear of spiders, 文法

其中最常見的是害怕蜘蛛、

a fear of snakes,

害怕蛇、

a fear of heights,

害怕高處，

and a fear of flying.

以及害怕飛行。

But today we'll focus on the freakiest of fears

但今天我們將關注最奇葩的恐懼症，

in this episode of The Infographics Show,

在本期《The Infographics Show》的節目中，

Weirdest Phobias People Suffer From.

《人們患上的最奇怪的恐懼症》。

Number 10,

第10名，

Tyrophobia.

Tyrophobia（起司恐懼症）。

This is a totally irrational fear of cheese.

這是一種對起司完全不理智的恐懼。

Yes, there are some people on this planet

是的，這個星球上確實有一些人

that just can't go near a piece of matured cheddar.

就是無法靠近一塊熟成的切達起司。

They run for the hills when the waiter hangs over them with the parmesan. 慣用語

當服務生拿著帕瑪森起司靠近他們時，他們會落荒而逃。

Tyri comes from the Greek meaning cheese,

Tyri源自希臘語，意思是起司，

and you know the rest. 語氣意圖

剩下的你就知道了。

The English media in 2016 reported about a university student

2016年，英國媒體報導了一名大學生

with this phobia who called her first contact with cheese traumatic. 文法

患有這種恐懼症，她稱自己第一次接觸起司的經歷是「創傷性的」。

However, she did say that mozzarella wasn't as scary as the other cheeses. 文法

然而，她確實說過莫札瑞拉起司不如其他起司那麼可怕。

Number nine,

第9名，

Omphalophobia.

Omphalophobia（肚臍恐懼症）。

This is the fear of the navel

這是對navel（肚臍）的恐懼，

or what we call the belly button.

或者我們俗稱的belly button。

It might mean these people can't abide anyone going near their belly button 用詞

這可能意味著這些人無法忍受任何人靠近他們的肚臍，

or that they freak out when close to another person's belly button. 片語動詞

或者當他們靠近另一個人的肚臍時會抓狂。

This is a pretty important part of the body

這是身體上一個相當重要的部位，

given that it connected us to our mothers. 文法

因為它曾將我們與母親連接在一起。

Only recently in 2018,

就在最近的2018年，

the UK press featured a 25-year-old student doctor

英國媒體報導了一名25歲的實習醫生

who suffered from this phobia

患有這種恐懼症，

with the Daily Mail saying that she suffers panic attacks

《每日郵報》稱她會恐慌發作，

and is physically sick when she sees someone's navel.

當她看到別人的肚臍時會產生生理上的噁心。

As for the other way around, 表達脈絡

至於反過來的情況，

she said, "If someone touches mine,

她說：「如果有人碰我的肚臍，

it feels like they're touching my insides

感覺就像他們在碰我的內臟，

and I can feel it all through me."

我能感覺到觸感遍布全身。」

She may struggle to become a doctor if she doesn't get over that. 片語動詞

如果她不能克服這一點，她可能很難成為一名醫生。

Number eight,

第8名，

Papaphobia.

Papaphobia（教宗恐懼症）。

When some people find out that the guy who likes to wear a white spearhead hat

當一些人發現那個喜歡戴白色尖頂帽的人

will be in town,

要來城裡時，

they decide to take a vacation.

他們決定去度假。

The guy is the Pope,

那個男人是教宗（Pope），

and papaphobia is a fear of him.

而papaphobia就是對他的恐懼。

It's thought this fear is related to other fears

人們認為這種恐懼與其他恐懼症有關，

concerning being terrified of religious objects.

涉及對宗教物品的極度恐懼。

When these people see the Pope,

當這些人看到教宗時，

their heartbeat quickens,

他們的心跳會加快，

they sweat profusely,

他們會大汗淋漓，

and sometimes feel nauseous.

有時會感到噁心。

Apparently, if these folks do see the man,

顯然，如果這些人真的看到了那個人，

they should quickly swallow a Xanax

他們應該趕緊吞下一顆Xanax（讚安諾）

or some similar type of anti-anxiety medication.

或某種類似的抗焦慮藥物。

Number seven,

第7名，

Nomophobia.

Nomophobia（無手機恐懼症）。

Nomophobia is weird,

無手機恐懼症很奇怪，

but according to reports,

但根據報導，

it's becoming very common among the younger generation.

它在年輕一代中變得非常普遍。

It means the fear of being without your cell phone

它的意思是害怕沒有手機，

or fear of being without a charge

或者害怕手機沒電，

or even without connection to the internet.

甚至害怕沒有網路連線。

Psychology Today says some people are so scared to be without this thing, 文法

《今日心理學》說有些人非常害怕身邊沒有這個東西，

they shower with it,

他們帶著它洗澡，

sleep with it,

帶著它睡覺，

take it literally everywhere.

毫不誇張地帶著它去任何地方。

In fact,

事實上，

cell phone addiction has become a big topic in the media,

手機成癮已經成為媒體上的一個大話題，

but some might be surprised that people are petrified

但有些人可能會感到驚訝，人們竟然如此害怕

of being without their device.

身邊沒有他們的裝置。

A recent UK study consisting of over 2100 people

最近英國一項包含2100多人的研究

found that 58% of men suffered from this phobia,

發現58%的男性患有這種恐懼症，

as did 47% of women. 文法

女性也有47%。

In the US,

在美國，

it is worse with 66% of all phone users

情況更糟，所有手機用戶中有66%

suffering from nomophobia.

患有無手機恐懼症。

The Guardian in 2017 said this detachment from the smartphone

《衛報》在2017年表示，這種與智慧型手機分離的狀況

increases heart rate and blood pressure,

會增加心率和血壓，

causes anxiety,

引起焦慮，

and generally affects users the way drug addicts first feel

並且總體上對使用者產生的影響類似於吸毒者

in the early stages of withdrawal.

在戒斷初期所體驗到的感受。

These screenagers have put their lives into this little beeping box,

這些「螢幕世代」把他們的生活裝進了這個會發出嗶嗶聲的小盒子裡，

and as most psychologists will tell you,

正如大多數心理學家會告訴你的那樣，

that box was created to be as addictive as anything. 文法

那個盒子被設計得和任何事物一樣容易讓人上癮。

Welcome to the world of digital heroin. 慣用語

歡迎來到數位海洛因的世界。

Number six,

第6名，

Ephebiphobia.

Ephebiphobia（青少年恐懼症）。

Speaking about these smartphone junkie teens,

談到這些智慧型手機成癮的青少年，

some people have a fear of them.

有些人對他們感到恐懼。

Yes,

是的，

ephebiphobia is an irrational fear of teenagers

ephebiphobia是對青少年的不理智恐懼，

or generally young people.

或者泛指對年輕人的恐懼。

We doubt sufferers need to see ID before they get the sweats. 慣用語

我們懷疑患者在狂冒冷汗前需不需要先看對方的身分證。

In every generation,

在每一代人中，

you get these old folks decrying the youth of the day 用詞

你都會看到這些老人家譴責當今年輕人，

saying they don't respect this or that

說他們不尊重這個或那個，

or in US comedian Doug Stanhope's opinion,

或者按照美國喜劇演員Doug Stanhope的說法，

that the digital generation is just not reckless enough.

數位世代只是不夠魯莽。

But apparently this aversion to our cute kids is on the rise. 片語搭配

但顯然，這種對我們可愛的孩子們的厭惡感正在上升。

The Guardian interviewed one 16-year-old who said,

《衛報》採訪了一名16歲的少年，他說：

"I've had people cross the road

「曾經有人為了躲我

to avoid me."

而走到馬路對面。」

But that was due to the age-old fear of kids

但那是由於對孩子們的古老恐懼，

possibly being aggressive to old people.

認為他們可能對老年人具有攻擊性。

Kids these days are subject to moral panic 文化背景

如今的孩子們是道德恐慌的對象，

with older people telling them they are spoiled,

老年人說他們被寵壞了，

too easily offended,

太容易被冒犯，

until it comes to the point

以至於到了某種地步，

some people just don't want to be anywhere near their youths.

有些人就是不想靠近這些年輕人。

But this seems to happen in every generation.

但這似乎在每一代人身上都會發生。

One of the first books on the subject

關於這個話題最早的一本書，

from the 1980s said nearly every generation

出自20世紀80年代，指出幾乎每一代

of young people has been chastised for being out of control 用詞

年輕人都曾因為失控

or aberrant in some way.

或在某些方面反常而受到過斥責。

Adult claims of degeneration among the young

成年人聲稱年輕一代正在墮落的說法，

can be found in nearly every previous decade.

在過去的幾乎每一個十年裡都能找到。

Only Doug Stanhope dislikes the young,

只有Doug Stanhope不喜歡年輕人，

he says,

他說，

because they aren't aberrant enough.

是因為他們還不夠反常。

Number five,

第5名，

Phagophobia.

Phagophobia（吞嚥恐懼症）。

This one must really suck. 用詞

這一定非常讓人痛苦。

Phagophobia is the irrational fear of swallowing.

Phagophobia是對吞嚥的不理智恐懼。

We are told it is sometimes confused with a fear of eating 片語搭配

有人說，它有時會與害怕進食

or certain conditions related to weight,

或與體重有關的某些情況相混淆，

but it's closer to the fear of choking. 片語搭配

但它更接近於對窒息的恐懼。

The amount of research on this must mean it's quite common. 文法

關於這種恐懼症的研究數量之多，意味著它相當普遍。

One site tells us,

一個網站告訴我們，

a person's throat muscles will flex and spasm during their panic attack,

在恐慌發作期間，患者的喉嚨肌肉會收縮和痙攣，

closing the throat and expelling any unwanted items out of the mouth. 文法

封閉喉嚨，將任何不想要的物品排出嘴外。

This could mean water,

這可能意味著水、

food,

食物、

or medications,

或藥物，

so it's very serious.

所以這非常嚴重。

The answer is therapy.

解決辦法是心理治療。

Number four,

第4名，

Triskaidekaphobia,

Triskaidekaphobia（十三恐懼症），

the fear of the number 13.

對數字13的恐懼。

This person might also have a general fear of numbers,

這個人可能也對數字有普遍的恐懼，

which is numerophobia.

也就是numerophobia（數字恐懼症）。

Others fear the number four,

其他人害怕數字4，

which is tetraphobia,

也就是tetraphobia（四恐懼症），

but as for 13,

但至於13，

what does that mean?

那是什麼意思呢？

Well, it's mostly related to superstition,

嗯，它主要與迷信有關，

sometimes related to myths or religion,

有時與神話或宗教有關，

and that generally the number 13 is not a nice number.

而且一般來說，數字13不是一個吉利的數字。

We have a show on this topic

我們有一期關於這個話題的節目，

if you want to know more.

如果你想了解更多的話。

As Time Magazine reported,

正如《時代》雜誌所報導的，

it's less a psychological malady than it is a silly superstition. 文法

與其說它是一種心理疾病，不如說它是一種愚蠢的迷信。

For this reason,

因為這個原因，

some businesses leave out the number on aisles, 片語動詞

一些企業在走道、

chairs,

椅子、

floors,

樓層，

or rooms,

或房間上省略了這個數字，

and believers will stay clear of the number 片語搭配

迷信的人也會避開這個數字，

if they do see it.

如果他們真的看到的話。

Number three,

第3名，

Ablutophobia.

Ablutophobia（洗澡恐懼症）。

This is not a good phobia to have

這不是一個值得擁有的恐懼症，

if you are actively trying to find someone to date

如果你正在積極尋找約會對象的話，

because it means being terrified of washing or bathing.

因為這意味著極度害怕清洗或洗澡。

It's more common in kids than in adults,

它在兒童中比在成人中更常見，

but a few hundred years back in Europe,

但在幾百年前的歐洲，

many people had this phobia.

許多人都患有這種恐懼症。

These days,

如今，

it's thought to be related to traumatic experiences 文法

人們認為這與孩童時期洗澡時

as a child when bathing.

遭受的創傷性經歷有關。

Number two,

第2名，

Dextrophobia.

Dextrophobia（右側恐懼症）。

This is certainly one of the most irrational

這絕對是最不理智的

of irrational fears.

不理智恐懼之一。

It's the fear of having things to the right of you.

它是對右側有東西的恐懼。

According to one source,

根據一個消息來源，

it's related to obsessive-compulsive personality disorder,

它與強迫型人格障礙有關，

and sufferers will find themselves cluttering things 文法

患者會發現自己把家裡

in the home or office all to the left side.

或辦公室裡的東西全都堆積在左側。

They don't like standing to the left of people

他們不喜歡站在別人的左邊，

or even driving in the left lane.

甚至不喜歡在左側車道開車。

Other people may have levophobia,

其他人可能患有levophobia（左側恐懼症），

which is a fear of things being to the left of them.

這是一種害怕東西在他們左側的恐懼症。

If someone has both phobias,

如果有人同時患有兩種恐懼症，

then they are really in trouble.

那他們就真的麻煩了。

Number one,

第1名，

Phobophobia.

Phobophobia（恐懼症恐懼症）。

You could say our last phobia might make sense

你可以說我們的最後一個恐懼症可能是有道理的，

after you've watched this show,

在你看完這個節目之後，

so it's the right way to end. 慣用語

所以用它來結尾很合適。

As you might guess,

就像你可能猜到的那樣，

it means the fear of having a phobia.

它的意思是害怕患上恐懼症。

So if you are feeling left out right now 慣用語

所以如果你現在覺得自己被冷落了，

as you have no phobias,

因為你沒有任何恐懼症，

you might one day acquire this phobia.

你可能有一天會患上這種恐懼症。

From the description,

從描述來看，

it sounds like a panic attack. 文法

它聽起來像是恐慌發作。

The anxiety forms in the unconscious,

焦慮在潛意識中形成，

and then suddenly the person will feel dizzy and tense.

然後人會突然感到頭暈和緊張。

Their heart will pound and be aware of something bad about to happen. 片語搭配

他們的心會怦怦直跳，並意識到有不好的事情要發生。

This anxiety disorder can manifest as panic at any time 用詞

這種焦慮障礙隨時可能表現為恐慌，

because the person is always fearing getting a phobia,

因為這個人總是害怕患上恐懼症，

sometimes of something they love.

有時甚至害怕他們所愛的東西。

As strange as it sounds, 文法

儘管聽起來很奇怪，

it's actually one of the most common phobias on this list.

它實際上是這個名單上最常見的恐懼症之一。

We'll leave you with this quote from Franklin D. Roosevelt.

我們將用富蘭克林·D·羅斯福的這句名言來結束。

All we have to fear is fear itself. 文法

我們唯一需要恐懼的就是恐懼本身。

Ain't that the truth? 語氣意圖

這難道不是真理嗎？

So,

那麼，

do any of you out there have any phobias?

你們中有沒有人患有任何恐懼症呢？

Let us know more about it in the comments.

請在留言區讓我們了解更多。

Also,

同時，

be sure to check out our other video called FBI vs. CIA,

一定要去看看我們的另一個影片，叫做《FBI vs. CIA》，

How do they compare?

兩者有何差異？

Thanks for watching,

感謝您的觀看，

and as always,

一如既往，

don't forget to like, share, and subscribe.

別忘了按讚、分享和訂閱。

See you next time.

我們下次見。