為什麼久坐有害健康 ⏲️ 6分鐘英語：英語精讀講義

Six Minute English

六分鐘英語

from bbclearningenglish.com.

來自 bbclearningenglish.com。

Hello, this is Six Minute English from BBC Learning English.

大家好，這裡是BBC英語教學的六分鐘英語。

I'm Phil.

我是菲爾。

And I'm Georgie.

我是喬吉。

We all know how important exercise is 文法

我們都知道運動有多麼重要

to stay fit and reduce the risk of heart disease. 片語搭配

對於保持健康和降低心臟病風險。

Do you exercise much, Phil? 文法

菲爾，你經常運動嗎？

I try to. 語氣意圖

我盡量。

I ride my bike at the weekend, 用詞

我週末會騎腳踏車，

but to be honest, 語氣意圖

但老實說，

I do spend a lot of time sitting down. 文法

我確實花很多時間坐著。

Mm,

嗯，

sitting too much is becoming an increasing problem in the modern world. 片語搭配

久坐正成為現代世界日益嚴重的問題。

Maybe you take the bus or train to work, 片語搭配

也許你乘公車或火車上班，

then sit at a desk all day, 片語搭配

然後整天坐在辦公桌前，

then go home feeling tired

然後下班回家感覺疲憊，

and just sit in front of the television all evening as well. 片語搭配

並且整個晚上也只是坐在電視機前。

Added together, 表達脈絡

加總起來，

that's hours of sitting every single day.

那就是每天坐著好幾個小時。

In this program,

在本期節目中，

we'll be finding out exactly how much sitting is too much. 文法

我們將確切了解坐多久算太久。

And of course,

當然，

we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary.

我們也會學習一些有用的新詞彙。

But first,

但首先，

are you sitting comfortably, Phil?

菲爾，你坐得舒服嗎？

Because I have a question for you.

因為我有一個問題要問你。

On average, 片語搭配

平均而言，

how many hours a day do British adults spend sitting down? 文法

英國成年人每天花多少小時坐著？

Is it A,

是A，

7 hours,

7小時，

B, 9 hours,

B，9小時，

or C, 12 hours?

還是C，12小時？

I'll guess it's 7 hours.

我猜是7小時。

Okay, Phil.

好的，菲爾。

I'll reveal the correct answer later. 表達脈絡

我稍後會揭曉正確答案。

Charlotte Edwardson is a professor of health and behavior studies

夏洛特·愛德華森是一位健康與行為研究的教授

who has investigated the link between sitting and health problems 片語搭配

她調查了久坐與健康問題之間的聯繫

in her lab at Leicester University.

在萊斯特大學的實驗室裡。

Here,

在這裡，

she talks to BBC Radio 4 program Inside Health. 文化背景

她在BBC廣播4台的《內部健康》節目中說道。

If we think about our daily activities, 表達脈絡

如果我們思考一下我們的日常活動，

a lot of activities are done sitting down. 文法

很多活動都是坐著完成的。

Movement in our everyday lives

我們日常生活中的運動

has really been engineered out with advances in technology. 講解

確實已經隨著技術的進步被淘汰了。

And our bodies just weren't designed to sit this much, 文法

我們的身體本來就不是設計來坐這麼久的，

so it's going to cause problems with our health. 片語搭配

所以這會導致我們的健康出現問題。

So when you sit down,

因此，當你坐下時，

you're not using the largest muscles in your body.

你並沒有使用身體裡最大的肌肉。

So these are the ones in your legs and your bum. 用詞

也就是你腿部和臀部的肌肉。

So that means that your muscle activity goes down. 片語搭配

所以這意味著你的肌肉活動減少了。

When your muscle activity goes down,

當你的肌肉活動減少時，

your blood circulation reduces. 用詞

你的血液循環就會變慢。

Throughout history, 表達脈絡

縱觀歷史，

humans have always walked and moved their bodies.

人類一直在行走和活動他們的身體。

Now,

現在，

modern technologies like motorized vehicles and office jobs

像機動車和辦公室工作等現代技術

means we spend more and more time sitting. 文法

意味著我們坐著的時間越來越多。

Modern life has engineered out the need for us to move.

現代生活已經排除了我們移動的需要。

When you engineer something out,

當你 engineer something out（把某事設計出局）時，

you design things in such a way 文法

你的設計方式

that it is no longer required.

使其不再被需要。

For example,

例如，

CD drives have been engineered out of laptops

CD光碟機已經從筆記型電腦中被淘汰了，

because downloads are more popular.

因為下載變得更加流行。

Charlotte says humans are not used to sitting this much. 文法

夏洛特說，人類並不習慣坐這麼久。

Here,

在這裡，

the words this much 片語搭配

「this much」這個詞

mean in such large amounts.

意思是如此巨大的量。

It's a negative thing.

這是一件負面的事情。

One negative being the harm to blood circulation, 用詞

負面影響之一是對血液循環的傷害，

the flow of blood through the heart and blood vessels

也就是血液通過心臟和血管的流動，

which carries oxygen around the body.

將氧氣輸送到全身。

When we sit,

當我們坐著時，

we stop using important muscles.

我們停止使用重要的肌肉。

This reduces blood circulation

這會減少血液循環

and causes a range of other effects 片語搭配

並引起一系列其他影響，

like increased levels of glucose and fat 用詞

比如葡萄糖和脂肪水平增加，

and decreased energy levels.

以及能量水平下降。

The body uses 20% more energy 文法

身體消耗的能量會多出20%

when simply standing than when sitting down.

當你僅僅是站著而不是坐著時。

And walking uses 92% more energy.

而走路消耗的能量會多出92%。

And that's not to mention the damage 講解

更不用說造成的損害了

sitting too much causes

久坐帶來的

to muscle movement and blood pressure.

對肌肉運動和血壓的傷害。

But the hard truth is that 慣用語

但殘酷的事實是，

sitting is a big part of modern life.

坐著是現代生活的重要組成部分。

Everything is geared around sitting. 片語搭配

一切都是圍繞著坐著來設計的。

It's organized towards that particular activity.

它是圍繞著這個特定活動組織起來的。

And that makes it hard to stop. 文法

這讓我們很難停下來。

Here's Professor Edwardson again

接下來又是愛德華森教授

talking with James Gallagher,

與詹姆斯·加拉格爾的談話，

presenter of BBC Radio 4 program Inside Health.

詹姆斯是BBC廣播4台節目《內部健康》的主持人。

How much do you feel like

你在多大程度上覺得

you're just swimming against the tide with all of this? 慣用語

面對這一切，你只是在逆流而上？

Like the whole of society 片語搭配

就像整個社會

is like driving us more and more towards, 片語動詞

好像在驅使我們越來越傾向於，

you know, sitting down all the time. 語氣意圖

你懂的，一直坐著。

And you're like, 用詞

而你就像在說，

"Please don't."

「請不要這樣。」

Sitting is so much part of our everyday activities. 片語搭配

坐著很大程度上是我們日常活動的一部分。

You know, you go into a meeting

你知道，你走進一個會議室，

and someone's "Come and take a seat." 語氣意圖

有人會說，「過來坐下吧。」

You go into your GP surgery, 文化背景

你走進一般科醫師的診所，

"Come and take a seat.

「過來坐下吧。

Everything's geared around sitting.

一切都是圍繞坐著展開的。

And as technology advances 文法

隨著技術的進步，

and it tries to make our life easier, 文法

它試圖讓我們的生活更輕鬆，

it then leads to us sitting even more." 文法

進而導致我們坐得更多。」

James asks if Charlotte is

詹姆斯問夏洛特是否

swimming against the tide of modern life.

正在現代生活中逆流而上。

If you're swimming against the tide,

如果你 swimming against the tide（逆流而上），

you're doing the opposite

你在做著相反的事情，

of what most people are doing.

和大多數人所做的事相反。

He also says that

他還說，

society is driving us towards sitting more.

社會正驅使我們坐得更多。

To drive someone towards something

drive someone towards something（驅使某人做某事）

it means pushing them to accept a new situation

意味著迫使他們接受一種新情況，

even when the situation isn't so good.

即使情況沒那麼好。

Luckily, 表達脈絡

幸運的是，

there's some simple advice to help.

有一些簡單的建議可以幫忙。

Break up periods of sitting 30 minutes or more 片語動詞

打斷長達30分鐘或更久的靜坐，

with a few minutes of walking

借助幾分鐘的步行

or moving your arms.

或活動你的手臂。

Also,

還有，

try to spend less than half 片語搭配

嘗試花費少於一半的時間

of your waking hours sitting down.

在你清醒的時候坐著。

Good to know. 語氣意圖

很高興知道這點。

Now, 表達脈絡

現在，

about your question, Georgie.

關於你的問題，喬吉。

Right.

對了。

My question

我的問題是

was how long does the average British adult

英國成年人平均多長時間

spend sitting each day?

每天花在坐著上？

Phil guessed it was 7 hours,

菲爾猜是7小時，

which was close 語氣意圖

這很接近，

but not right, I'm afraid.

恐怕不對。

In fact, 表達脈絡

事實上，

on average,

平均而言，

we spend 9 hours per day sitting down.

我們每天坐著的時間長達9個小時。

That's about 60% of our waking life. 用詞

這大約占了我們清醒生活的60%。

So remember to take regular breaks, 片語搭配

所以記住要定期休息，

even just a minute or two. 語氣意圖

哪怕只有一兩分鐘。

Okay,

好的，

let's recap the vocabulary we've learnt 表達脈絡

讓我們複習一下我們學過的詞彙，

starting with to engineer something out,

從 to engineer something out 開始，

meaning to design or plan

意思是設計或計畫

in such a way

以這樣一種方式

that something is no longer needed.

使某物不再被需要。

The phrase this much or so much

短語 this much 或 so much

means in such large amounts.

意思是這麼大的數量。

Blood circulation is the movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels

Blood circulation（血液循環）是指血液通過心臟和血管的流動，

which carries oxygen around the body.

把氧氣運送到全身。

If things are geared around a certain activity or purpose,

如果事情是 geared around（圍繞……展開）某個活動或目的，

they're organized to support it.

它們就是為了支持它而組織的。

The idiom to swim against the tide

習語 to swim against the tide（逆流而上）

means to not follow what most people are doing.

意味著不盲從大多數人在做的事。

And finally,

最後，

to drive someone towards a new situation

to drive someone towards a new situation

means to push them towards accepting it.

意味著迫使他們去接受它。

Once again,

再次，

our 6 minutes are up. 片語搭配

我們的6分鐘到了。

Remember to join us again next time

記得下次再來加入我們，

for more topical discussion and useful vocabulary 片語搭配

進行更多的話題討論和學習有用的詞彙，

here at Six Minute English.

就在六分鐘英語。

Goodbye for now.

暫時再見了。

Bye.

再見。

Six Minute English

六分鐘英語

from bbclearningenglish.com.

來自 bbclearningenglish.com。